Acquired digital arteriovenous malformation: a report of three cases and study with epiluminescence microscopy

Arteriovenous Malformation of the Lip: A Rare Case Report

Vascular malformation (VM) consists of a group of tumors that emerge from vascular origin caused by vascular angiovascular or lymphoproliferation. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) contribute high-flow, creating direct vein artery contact without regular capillary network. AVMs are present at birth or in congenital. Acquired AVMs occur later in life due to hormonal changes or trauma, and acquired AVMs in oral cavity are very rare. AVMs are persistent and progressive in nature when present, can represent a lethal, causing significant blood loss, and an incomplete resection frequently leads to a recurrence of the lesion. We present a rare case of a congenital AVM diagnosed on retinue dental checkup using color doppler ultrasonography (USG) in a 62-year-old man from South India.

Acquired arteriovenous malformation of lip occurring as an occupational hazard: A case report with review of literature

“Vascular malformations” comprise a group of lesions, formed by an anomalous proliferation of angiovascular or lymphovascular structures. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are high-flow malformation, characterized by direct communication between arteries and veins, lacking normal capillary network. AVMs are usually congenital. Acquired AVMs are reported to occur due to trauma or hormonal changes. Acquired AVMs, though rare in oral cavity, when present are persistent and progressive in nature and can represent a lethal benign disease. They are often associated with extensive blood loss, and an incomplete resection frequently leads to regrowth of the lesion often larger than its original size. We present a rare case of an acquired AVM diagnosed on contrast-enhancing computed tomography angiography and histopathology in a 65-year-old professional trumpet blower.

Treatment of Unusual Vascular Lesions: Usefulness of Sclerotherapy in Lymphangioma Circumscriptum and Acquired Digital Arteriovenous Malformation

BACKGROUND

Sclerotherapy is used in venous malformations and hemangiomas, as well as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids.

OBJECTIVE

To report on the usefulness of sclerotherapy in the treatment of unusual vascular lesions, such as lymphangioma circumscriptum and acquired digital arteriovenous malformation.

METHODS

Two unusual cases were treated with a sclerosant, sodium tetradecyl sulfate.

RESULTS

The patients were almost cleared with several treatments of sclerotherapy.

CONCLUSION

Sclerotherapy can be recommended as an effective treatment method for unusual vascular lesions, such as lymphangioma circumscriptum and acquired digital arteriovenous malformation.

Dermoscopy in General Dermatology

Dermoscopy improves the diagnostic accuracy in the clinical evaluation of pigmented skin lesions, but it is also useful for the assessment of vascular structures that are not visible to the naked eye. As a consequence, dermoscopy has been employed more and more for the differential diagnosis of nonpigmented skin disorders, including tumors but also inflammatory and infectious diseases. This article provides a review of the dermoscopic features seen in various nonpigmented tumoral and nontumoral skin lesions as well as the dermoscopic criteria used for monitoring skin reactions to various treatments.

Intravascular pyogenic granuloma arising in an acquired arteriovenous malformation: report of a case and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Pyogenic granuloma, also known as lobular capillary hemangioma, is a benign vascular skin tumor. Intravascular variant of this vascular tumor is rare and such a variant arising in another hemangioma is extremely unusual.

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to present a patient with an intravascular pyogenic granuloma arising in an acquired arteriovenous malformation of the palm.

METHODS

We report a case and review the literature.

RESULT

A 44-year-old woman presented with an easy-bleeding and ulcerative nodule with a hyperkeratotic collaret on her right palm for 3-4 months. The nodule measured 6 x 6 mm in size and was tender. Under the clinical impression of pyogenic granuloma, the lesion was totally excised and the microscopic examination revealed an intravascular pyogenic granuloma in the papillary dermis with an underlying arteriovenous malformation.

CONCLUSION

A rare composite vascular tumor is reported, and our case presented as a red eroded nodule surrounded by a keratotic collaret, which was easily misdiagnosed as pyogenic granuloma clinically. We suggest that any pyogenic granuloma-like lesion should be palpated carefully, and if a nodule is present, surgical excision rather than cryotherapy or laser ablation should be considered.