1
|
Wéra O, Lecut C, Servais L, Hego A, Delierneux C, Jiang Z, Keutgens A, Evans RJ, Delvenne P, Lancellotti P, Oury C. P2X1 ion channel deficiency causes massive bleeding in inflamed intestine and increases thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:44-56. [PMID: 31448510 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal inflammation is associated with bleeding and thrombosis, two processes that may involve both platelets and neutrophils. However, the mechanisms and the respective contribution of these cells to intestinal bleeding and extra-intestinal thrombosis remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed at investigating the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of vascular integrity and thrombosis in intestinal inflammation. METHODS We used a mouse model of acute colitis induced by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days. Bleeding was assessed after depletion of platelets, neutrophils, or glycoprotein VI (GPVI); treatment with aspirin or clopidogrel; or in P2X1-deficient mice. Extra-intestinal thrombosis was analyzed using a laser-induced injury model of thrombosis in cremaster muscle arterioles. RESULTS Platelet depletion or P2X1 deficiency led to macrocytic regenerative anemia due to intestinal hemorrhage. In contrast, GPVI, P2Y12, and thromboxane A2 were dispensable. Platelet P-selectin expression and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) plasma levels were lower in DSS-treated P2X1-deficient mice as compared to wild-type mice, indicative of a platelet secretion defect. Circulating neutrophils had a more activated phenotype, and neutrophil infiltration in the colon was increased. P2X1-deficient mice also had elevated plasma granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels. Neutrophil depletion limited blood loss in these mice, whereas exogenous administration of G-CSF in colitic wild-type mice caused macrocytic anemia. Anemic colitic P2X1-deficient mice formed atypical neutrophil- and fibrin-rich, and platelet-poor thrombi upon arteriolar endothelial injury. CONCLUSIONS Platelets and P2X1 ion channels are mandatory to preserve vascular integrity in inflamed intestine. Upon P2X1 deficiency, neutrophils contribute to bleeding and they may also be responsible for enhanced thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odile Wéra
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christelle Lecut
- Department of Laboratory of Hematology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Servais
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Hego
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Céline Delierneux
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Zheshen Jiang
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aurore Keutgens
- Department of Laboratory of Hematology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Richard J Evans
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Cécile Oury
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Valvular Heart Diseases, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Treatment with Molgramostim (Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, Rhugm-Csf, Mielogen) and Lenograstim (Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor) Improves Experimental Colitis in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8298192. [PMID: 31687401 PMCID: PMC6803744 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8298192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim Treatment with growth factors could be beneficial in both inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF), and Recombinant Human (rHu) Granulocyte Stimulating Factor (GSF) in experimental colitis in rats. Methods Experimental colitis was induced in 62 male Wistar rats, divided into 9 groups, using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS). Group 1: Ten rats with colitis without treatment (control group). Euthanasia after 15 days. Group 2: Ten animals with colitis without treatment (control group). Euthanasia after 30 days. Group 3: Six animals with colitis. Immediate treatment with CSF. Euthanasia after 19 days. Group 4: Six animals with colitis. Treatment started 7 days after the induction of colitis. Animals were kept for 19 days. Group 5: Six animals with colitis. Treatment started 2 weeks after the induction of colitis. Group 6: Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 3. Treatment with GSF. Group 7: Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 4. Treatment with GSF. Group 8 Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 5. Treatment with GSF. Group 9: Six animals with colitis. Immediate treatment with prednisolone. Euthanasia after 15 days. Results CSF and GSF administration significantly improved the histological score (P < 0.05) and reduced malondialdehyde contents (P < 0.05), compared to control groups in all animals. CSF was superior to GSF and to prednisolone. Conclusion Administration of both CSF and GSF could significantly improve the histological score and oxidative stress in experimental colitis in rats.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alvarez R, Oliver L, Valdes A, Mesa C. Cancer-induced systemic myeloid dysfunction: Implications for treatment and a novel nanoparticle approach for its correction. Semin Oncol 2018; 45:84-94. [PMID: 30318088 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Unlike other regulatory circuits, cancer-induced myeloid dysfunction involves more than an accumulation of impaired dendritic cells, protumoral macrophages, and myeloid derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. It is also characterized by "aberrant" myelopoiesis that results in the accumulation and expansion of immature myeloid precursors with a suppressive phenotype in the systemic circulation. The first part of this review briefly describes the evidence for and consequences of this systemic dysfunctional myelopoiesis and the possible reinforcement of this phenomenon by conventional treatments used in patients with cancer, in particular chemotherapy and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. The second half of this review describes very small size particles, a novel immune-modulatory nanoparticle, and the evidence indicating a possible role of this agent in correcting or re-programming the dysfunctional myelopoiesis in different scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rydell Alvarez
- Immunobiology Division, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, Cuba
| | - Liliana Oliver
- Immunobiology Division, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, Cuba
| | - Anet Valdes
- Immunobiology Division, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, Cuba
| | - Circe Mesa
- Immunobiology Division, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM), Havana, Cuba.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ge F, Zhang Z, Hou J, Cao F, Zhang Y, Wang P, Wei H, Zhou J. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor decreases the Th1/Th2 ratio in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura in vitro. Thromb Res 2016; 148:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Li F, Wang H, Yin C, Huang J, Mahavadi S, Murthy KS, Hu W. Immune/Inflammatory Response and Hypocontractility of Rabbit Colonic Smooth Muscle After TNBS-Induced Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:1925-40. [PMID: 26879904 PMCID: PMC4920730 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contractility of colonic smooth muscle is dysregulated due to immune/inflammatory responses in inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflammation in vitro induces up-regulation of regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) expression in colonic smooth muscle cells. AIMS To characterize the immune/inflammatory responses and RGS4 expression pattern in colonic smooth muscle after induction of colitis. METHODS Colitis was induced in rabbits by intrarectal instillation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Innate/adaptive immune response RT-qPCR array was performed using colonic circular muscle strips. At 1-9 weeks after colonic intramuscular microinjection of lentivirus, the distal and proximal colons were collected, and muscle strips and dispersed muscle cells were prepared from circular muscle layer. Expression levels of RGS4 and NFκB signaling components were determined by Western blot analysis. The biological consequences of RGS4 knockdown were assessed by measurement of muscle contraction and phospholipase C (PLC)-β activity in response to acetylcholine (ACh). RESULTS Contraction in response to ACh was significantly inhibited in the inflamed colonic circular smooth muscle cells. RGS4, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, CCL3, CD1D, and ITGB2 were significantly up-regulated, while IL-18, CXCR4, CD86, and C3 were significantly down-regulated in the inflamed muscle strips. RGS4 protein expression in the inflamed smooth muscles was dramatically increased. RGS4 stable knockdown in vivo augmented ACh-stimulated PLC-β activity and contraction in colonic smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION Inflamed smooth muscle exhibits up-regulation of IL-1-related signaling components, Th1 cytokines and RGS4, and inhibition of contraction. Stable knockdown of endogenous RGS4 in colonic smooth muscle increases PLC-β activity and contractile responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Chaoran Yin
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - JieAn Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meshkibaf S, Martins AJ, Henry GT, Kim SO. Protective role of G-CSF in dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis through generating gut-homing macrophages. Cytokine 2015; 78:69-78. [PMID: 26687628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine best known for its role in promoting the generation and function of neutrophils. G-CSF is also found to be involved in macrophage generation and immune regulation; however, its in vivo role in immune homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, we examined the role of G-CSF in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis using G-CSF receptor-deficient (G-CSFR(-/-)) mice. Mice were administered with 1.5% DSS in drinking water for 5days, and the severity of colitis was measured for the next 5days. GCSFR(-/-) mice were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis than G-CSFR(+/+) or G-CSFR(-/+) mice. G-CSFR(-/-) mice harbored less F4/80(+) macrophages, but a similar number of neutrophils, in the intestine. In vitro, bone marrow-derived macrophages prepared in the presence of both G-CSF and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (G-BMDM) expressed higher levels of regulatory macrophage markers such as programmed death ligand 2 (PDL2), CD71 and CD206, but not in arginase I, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Ym1 (chitinase-like 3) and FIZZ1 (found in inflammatory zone 1), and lower levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), CD80 and CD86 than bone marrow-derived macrophages prepared in the presence of M-CSF alone (BMDM), in response to interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ, respectively. Adoptive transfer of G-BMDM, but not BMDM, protected G-CSFR(-/-) mice from DSS-induced colitis, and suppressed expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β and iNOS in the intestine. These results suggest that G-CSF plays an important role in preventing colitis, likely through populating immune regulatory macrophages in the intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Meshkibaf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Group, Siebens-Drake Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada; Center for Human Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Andrew J Martins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Group, Siebens-Drake Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Garth T Henry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Group, Siebens-Drake Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Sung Ouk Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Group, Siebens-Drake Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada; Center for Human Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 2V4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of resveratrol-induced CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the reduction of CXCR3(+) T cells and amelioration of chronic colitis in IL-10(-/-) mice. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:72-82. [PMID: 21807089 PMCID: PMC3506001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.07.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol has received significant attention as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammation caused by hyperactivated effector immune cells that produce proinflammatory cytokines. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population characterized by the co-expression of CD11b(+) and Gr-1(+) and have long been known for their immunosuppressive function. We report that resveratrol effectively attenuated overall clinical scores as well as various pathological markers of colitis in IL-10(-/-) mice by down regulating Th1 responses. Resveratrol lessened the colitis-associated decrease in body weight and increased levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), CXCL10 and colon TNF-α, IL-6, RANTES, IL-12 and IL-1β concentrations. After resveratrol treatment, the percentage of CXCR3 expressing T cells was decreased in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and intestinal lamina propria (LP). However, the percentage and absolute numbers of CD11b(+) and Gr-1(+)cells in the lamina propria (LP) and spleen were increased after resveratrol treatment as compared with the vehicle treatment. Co-culture of resveratrol-induced CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) cells with T cells, attenuated T cell proliferation, and most importantly reduced IFN-γ and GM-CSF production by LP derived T cells from vehicle treated IL-10(-/-) mice with chronic colitis. The current study suggests that administration of resveratrol into IL-10(-/-) mice induces immunosuppressive CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) MDSCs in the colon, which correlates with reversal of established chronic colitis, and down regulation of mucosal and systemic CXCR3(+) expressing effector T cells as well as inflammatory cytokines in the colon. The induction of immunosuppressive CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) cells by resveratrol during colitis is unique, and suggests an as-yet-unidentified mode of anti-inflammatory action of this plant polyphenol.
Collapse
|
8
|
Guidi L, Mocci G, Marzo M, Rutella S. Treatment of Crohn's disease with colony-stimulating factors: An overview. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2011; 4:927-34. [PMID: 19209275 PMCID: PMC2621411 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for Crohn's disease are aimed at suppressing excessive immune activation in the bowel walls. However, alternative strategies can be drawn. These involve the augmentation of the innate immune response, in the hypothesis that patients affected with Crohn's disease are characterized by a relative immunodeficiency, with failure of the defensive barrier to luminal microbes and microbial products, resulting in a chronic inflammatory process sustained by T-cells. Alternatively, therapy could act by enhancing the number or the activity of subpopulations of T regulatory cells, able to reduce T-cell activation. Colony-stimulating factors are substances that could be efficacious in these settings. In fact, besides in vitro and animal studies, some human studies have been conducted in recent years with both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, the results of which are reported here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Guidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Operative Unit of Gastroenterology and
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barahona-Garrido J, Yamamoto-Furusho JK. New treatment options in the management of IBD - focus on colony stimulating factors. Biologics 2011; 2:501-4. [PMID: 19707380 PMCID: PMC2721373 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s3543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, typically with a relapsing and remitting clinical course. The intestinal inflammation in IBD is controlled by a complex interplay of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Innate immunity comprises a set of distinct elements, which includes circulating cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, and resident intestinal immune cells (dendritic and Paneth cells), as well as intestinal epithelium and cellular products, including antimicrobial peptides such as defensins and cathelicidins. Different components of innate immunity in IBD have been suggested to be defective or impaired. The human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have emerged as potential tools for the modulation of intestinal inflammation and repair. The greatest evidence supporting the use of colony-stimulating factors in intestinal inflammation comes from studies conducted in active Crohn’s disease (CD) patients treated with sargramostim and filgrastim, but evidence for its recommendation as treatment remains weak, as the majority of studies are open label, nonrandomized, and with a small number of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josué Barahona-Garrido
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias, Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martins AJ, Spanton S, Sheikh HI, Kim SO. The anti-inflammatory role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in macrophage–dendritic cell crosstalk after Lactobacillus rhamnosusGR-1 exposure. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 89:907-915. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0810445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTMΦs are important sensory cells of the innate immune system and regulate immune responses through releasing different combinations of cytokines. In this study, we examined whether cytokines released by MΦs in response to the probiotic bacterial strain GR-1 modulate the responses of DCs. The cytokine profile released by GR-1-treated MΦs was characterized by low levels of TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-12 but very high levels of G-CSF. GR-1 CM did not induce expression of the shared p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23 and costimulatory molecules CD80 or CD86 or increase T cell stimulatory capacity in DCs. However, in G-CSFR-deficient DCs or after antibody-mediated neutralization of G-CSF, GR-1 CM induced IL-12/23 p40 production significantly, indicating that G-CSF within the GR-1 CM inhibits IL-12/23 p40 production induced by other CM components. GR-1 CM and rG-CSF also inhibited LPS-induced IL-12 production at the mRNA and protein levels. The inhibition of IL-12 production by G-CSF was at least in part mediated through inhibition of JNK activation. Finally, splenic DCs of GR-1-injected mice produced less IL-12/23 p40 than those of PBS-injected mice in response to LPS ex vivo, and this was at least partially dependent on exposure to GR-1-induced G-CSF in vivo. Altogether, these results suggest that G-CSF modulates the IL-12/23 p40 response of DCs in the context of the probiotic GR-1 through MΦ–DC crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Martins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Human Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Spanton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haroon I Sheikh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sung Ouk Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Human Immunology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genome-wide association study for ulcerative colitis identifies risk loci at 7q22 and 22q13 (IL17REL). Nat Genet 2010; 42:292-4. [PMID: 20228798 DOI: 10.1038/ng.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
12
|
Barahona-Garrido J, Hernández-Calleros J, García-Juárez I, Yamamoto-Furusho JK. Growth factors as treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: a concise review of the evidence toward their potential clinical utility. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:208-12. [PMID: 19636186 PMCID: PMC2841424 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.54742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of inflammation and repair of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there occurs a complex and an unknown interplay of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. This interaction of factors may explain why IBD is characterized by a relapsing and remitting clinical course. Different components of innate immunity, hormones and interleukins in IBD have been suggested to be impaired. The growth hormone, epidermal growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor and colony-stimulating factors have emerged as potential tools for the modulation of intestinal inflammation and repair. Despite promising results of initial studies, the evidence that justify treatment of patients in clinical practice is not enough as some of the trials are nonrandomized or included a small number of patients. In this concise review, we provide a summary of the most recent and relevant evidence regarding the potential therapeutic effects of growth factors in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josué Barahona-Garrido
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Hernández-Calleros
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Guatemala
| | - Ignacio García-Juárez
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Guatemala,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico, Guatemala
| | - Jesús K. Yamamoto-Furusho
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Guatemala,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico, Guatemala
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Martins AJ, Colquhoun P, Reid G, Kim SO. Reduced expression of basal and probiotic-inducible G-CSF in intestinal mononuclear cells is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009; 15:515-25. [PMID: 19058228 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the hematopoiesis of granulocytes, neuroprotection, and immunomodulation. Previously, we have shown that probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 induces G-CSF production from bone marrow-derived macrophages. Whether this probiotic also induces G-CSF in intestinal mononuclear cells is unknown. METHODS G-CSF release in response to L. rhamnosus GR-1 was analyzed in isolated intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and non-IBD patients. The effects of G-CSF on proinflammatory cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal tissue from C57BL/6 wildtype and G-CSF receptor knockout mice was examined. RESULTS Normal mouse or human intestinal lamina propria cells constitutively express high levels of G-CSF, of which production was further enhanced by exogenous L. rhamnosus GR-1. However, cells obtained from IBD patients showed reduced G-CSF production under basal conditions and also lower production after exogenous GR-1 treatments. Intestinal tissue samples isolated from G-CSF receptor-deficient mice constitutively expressed higher levels of TNFalpha, IL-23, and IL-12 than those from wildtype mice, and pretreatment of G-CSF suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-23 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that high G-CSF production induced by commensals such as L. rhamnosus is important in maintaining normal immunological homeostasis in the intestine and defects in the production of G-CSF are associated with IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Martins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park KW, Kwon YW, Cho HJ, Shin JI, Kim YJ, Lee SE, Youn SW, Lee HC, Kang HJ, Shaul PW, Oh BH, Park YB, Kim HS. G-CSF exerts dual effects on endothelial cells—Opposing actions of direct eNOS induction versus indirect CRP elevation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2008; 45:670-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2008] [Revised: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
In recent years, investigators have unraveled a previously unrecognized role for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the regulation of T-cell and dendritic cell functions. The experimental evidence in favor of G-CSF-mediated immune regulation includes the ability to skew T-cell cytokine secretion to T-helper type 2 responses, and to promote regulatory T-cell and tolerogenic dendritic cell differentiation. Accordingly, beneficial effects of G-CSF have been detected in animal models of immune-mediated diseases, including posttransplantation graft-versus-host disease, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, lupus nephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes. The growing body of evidence supporting a novel role for G-CSF in the induction of T-cell tolerance is reviewed herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rutella
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Immunology, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), present with differing histologic and cytokine profiles. While the precise mechanisms underlying the development of IBD are not known, sufficient data have been collected to suggest that it results from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. Animal models of colitis, along with a more detailed understanding of the immune response in the normal bowel, have led to unifying hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis. An inappropriate mucosal immune response to normal intestinal constituents is a key feature, leading to an imbalance in local pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Neutrophil and monocyte influx occurs with subsequent secretion of oxygen radicals and enzymes, leading to tissue damage. Therapy of IBD has improved and expanded as the understanding of disease mechanisms has evolved. Pharmacologic agents such as aminosalicylates, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine, or steroids are the mainstays of therapy. Newer agents including monoclonal antibodies targeted to specific proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), have emerged and provide great clinical benefit, but unknown long-term toxicity and immunogenicity may limit their use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Brown
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Several biologic agents have been assessed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]). Until recently, only infliximab (humanized monoclonal anti-TNF-alpha antibody) had been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to induce and maintain remission in patients with active mild to moderate and/or fistulizing Crohn's disease who are refractory to conventional therapy. Two recent trials, ACT 1 and ACT2, observed high efficacy of infliximab in inducing and maintaining clinical remission, mucosal healing, and corticosteroid-sparing effects in patients with moderate to severe UC. This agent also was recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of ulcerative colitis to reduce signs and symptoms, to induce clinical remission and healing of the intestinal mucosa, and to eliminate the use of corticosteroids in patients with moderately to severely active UC who have had an inadequate response to conventional therapy. There have been many randomized, double-blind, controlled and open-label uncontrolled studies of large and small numbers of patients assessing the efficacy and safety of various biologic agents considered potentially useful in the treatment of IBD. Among all the biologic agents, infliximab has the most robust data on safety. This is because it has been evaluated in many more trials than has any other biologic agent. In addition, postmarketing experience provides very valuable information about adverse events occurring during treatment with this agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Blonski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hasegawa H, Takano H, Ohtsuka M, Ueda K, Niitsuma Y, Qin Y, Tadokoro H, Shiomi M, Komuro I. G-CSF prevents the progression of atherosclerosis and neointimal formation in rabbits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 344:370-6. [PMID: 16600176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prevents left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction, but its effect on atherosclerosis is unknown. We examined two kinds of rabbit atherosclerosis models. Myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL-MI) rabbits were treated with G-CSF or saline for 7 days from 14 months old. The vascular injury models were created by inflating angioplasty balloon in the iliac artery of rabbits and were divided into G-CSF and saline group. G-CSF significantly reduced the stenosis score of coronary artery and lipid plaque area of thoracic aorta in WHHL-MI rabbits at 4 weeks after the treatment. In the vascular injury model, G-CSF significantly prevented an increase in neointima/media ratio at 4 weeks after the treatment. G-CSF accelerated the reendothelialization of denuded arteries, and the pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor significantly inhibited it. These results suggest that G-CSF has a therapeutic potential for the progression of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rutella S, Zavala F, Danese S, Kared H, Leone G. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a novel mediator of T cell tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 175:7085-91. [PMID: 16301609 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.11.7085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several investigators have unraveled a previously unrecognized role for G-CSF in the regulation of T cell and dendritic cell functions. The experimental evidence in favor of G-CSF-mediated immune regulation includes the ability to switch T cell cytokine secretion profile to Th2 responses and the promotion of regulatory T cell and tolerogenic dendritic cell differentiation. Interestingly, G-CSF is beneficial in animals for the prevention and/or treatment of immune-mediated diseases, e.g., graft-vs-host disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes, suggesting a potential role in human autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence that supports a critical role for G-CSF as a novel mediator of T cell tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rutella
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Immunology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Akgun E, Caliskan C, Celik HA, Ozutemiz AO, Tuncyurek M, Aydin HH. Effects of N-acetylcysteine treatment on oxidative stress in acetic acid-induced experimental colitis in rats. J Int Med Res 2005; 33:196-206. [PMID: 15790131 DOI: 10.1177/147323000503300207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the possible protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against toxic damage in the rat colon. Two doses of NAC (20 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) given for 2 days and 7 days after acetic acid administration (to induce colitis) were tested. NAC was dissolved in saline and administered locally (intracolonic), systemically (intraperitoneal) or in a combination (intracolonic and intraperitoneal). Several parameters, including macroscopic and histopathological scores and myeloperoxidase, glutathione and nitric oxide concentrations were measured using standard assay procedures. Treatment with 100 mg/kg NAC for 7 days significantly decreased tissue myeloperoxidase, glutathione and nitric oxide concentrations. The 20 mg/kg dose had no protective effects. The data indicate that NAC substantially reduced the degree of colonic injury, probably by regulating free radical production and inhibiting inflammation. It may, therefore, have a role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Akgun
- Department of General Surgery, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Calhoun DA. Enteral administration of hematopoietic growth factors in the neonatal intensive care unit. ACTA PAEDIATRICA (OSLO, NORWAY : 1992). SUPPLEMENT 2003; 91:43-53. [PMID: 12477264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2002.tb02905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED By 20 wk of gestation, the human fetal gastrointestinal (GI) tract morphologically resembles that of the term infant, but functional development is limited before 26 wk. By 30 wk of gestation, the fetus has the capacity for limited digestion and enteral absorption. GI growth and development continue postnatally. Trophic factors, including nutrients, peptides, hormones and growth factors, are recognized as having important influences on the morphology and histology of the developing GI tract. Other trophic factors are important in adaptation and repair following injury. Many such factors are provided in utero via amniotic fluid swallowing and later by human colostrum and milk. CONCLUSION This review discusses cytokines with known GI trophic effects, either in vitro or in vivo, and focuses on those cytokines that have been used in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Collapse
|
22
|
Proulx F, Toledano B, Phan V, Clermont MJ, Mariscalco MM, Seidman EG. Circulating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, C-X-C, and C-C chemokines in children with Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Res 2002; 52:928-34. [PMID: 12438672 DOI: 10.1203/00006450-200212000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Leukocytes are implicated in the pathogenesis of diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D(+) HUS). We hypothesized that increased circulating levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and the chemokines epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating protein-78 (ENA-78), growth related oncogen-alpha (GRO-alpha), macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) are related to the severity of illness in Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections. We compared the circulating concentrations of these mediators in the course of E. coli O157:H7 enteritis, hemorrhagic colitis, and HUS. Our data show that, on admission, children with HUS presented 10-fold abnormally increased levels of G-CSF (p < 0.007), 3-fold increased MIP-1beta concentrations (p < 0.001), and 2-fold lower values of ENA-78 (p < 0.0001). One week later, a further 4-fold decrease in ENA-78 concentration was noted (p < 0.0001) whereas MIP-1beta levels returned to normal. HUS patients requiring peritoneal dialysis showed 6-fold increased G-CSF (p < 0.001) and 5-fold decreased ENA-78 (p < 0.001) levels. On admission, children with uncomplicated O157:H7 hemorrhagic colitis (HC) presented 3-fold abnormally increased concentrations of G-CSF (p < 0.001) and MIP-1beta (p < 0.0001). Those with O157:H7 enteritis but no bloody stools showed higher rates of abnormal GRO-alpha, MIP-1beta, and MCP-1 measurements than children with O157:H7 HC or HUS: GRO-alpha (50% enteritis, 36% HC, 17% HUS; p < 0.06), MIP-1beta (40% enteritis, 22% HC, 11% HUS; p < 0.02), MCP-1 (77% enteritis, 20% HC, 18% HUS; p < 0.0001). The data indicates that GRO-alpha, MIP-1beta, and MCP-1 are produced during E. coli O157:H7 enteritis, whether or not HC or HUS develops. Our data suggest that children with O157:H7 associated HUS may present abnormally increased circulating levels of G-CSF and decreased ENA-78 concentrations. The mechanisms responsible for leukocytes recruitment in O157:H7 infections are unclear and await further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Proulx
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The names of the hematopoietic cytokines are misleading because in addition to their effects on bone marrow and bone marrow-derived cells, they have many diverse effects, including effects on the gastrointestinal tract. These effects may be directly mediated by interaction with specific receptors on gastrointestinal epithelial cells, or they may result from their effects on circulating or bowel wall leukocytes and the cytokines these cells produce. As might be expected of factors largely defined by their effects on inflammatory cells, the hematopoietic cytokines are intimately involved in the processes of bowel injury. Further investigations are needed to define the role of hematopoietic cytokines in the human neonate's balance between local gastrointestinal host defense and bowel wall injury. This could lead to effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Ledbetter
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Heard SO, Fink MP. Counterregulatory control of the acute inflammatory response: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor has anti-inflammatory properties. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:1019-21. [PMID: 10362430 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199905000-00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S O Heard
- UMass Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor to Prevent the Progression of Systemic Nonresponsiveness in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis. Blood 1999. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v93.2.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
27
|
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor to Prevent the Progression of Systemic Nonresponsiveness in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis. Blood 1999. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v93.2.425.402k36_425_439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|