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Klimiuk P, Łopuszyński W, Bulak K, Brzana A. Evaluation of the Proliferative Activity of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in Dogs with Respect to Patient Eligibility for Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041183. [PMID: 33924252 PMCID: PMC8074745 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canine lymphomas usually have aggressive behavior, but respond well to chemotherapy. Despite proper diagnosis and numerous available therapeutic regimens, it is difficult to determine the prognosis and choose the optimal method of treatment in each individual patient. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most commonly diagnosed histological subtype of canine lymphoma and is treated with anthracyclines alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutics. A new diagnostic marker of prognostic and predictive value is topoisomerase IIα, which also constitutes a molecular target for anti-cancer drugs belonging to the group of topoisomerase IIα inhibitors including anthracyclines. Proliferative activity was estimated in samples of enlarged lymph nodes in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on mitotic count and immunohistochemical evaluation of topoisomerase IIα and Ki67 antigen expression with a view to qualifying patients for anthracycline-base chemotherapy. It has been shown that higher levels of topoisomerase IIα expression corresponded to a higher mitotic count but not to Ki67 index. These results indicate that an immunohistochemical evaluation of topoisomerase IIα expression can be used to develop a diagnostic-clinical protocol for the treatment of dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Abstract Different types of canine lymphoma respond differently to chemotherapy and have different prognoses. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in dogs. Topoisomerase II alpha (TOPIIα) protein has been shown to be a proliferation marker associated with prognostic significance. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between TOPIIα expression, mitotic count (MC), and Ki67 antigen index in DLBCL in dogs, taking into account the applicability of these parameters to select the chemotherapy protocol with emphasis on the use of anthracycline drugs. Samples of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lymph nodes from 34 dogs with DLBCL were immunohistochemically labelled with anti-TOPIIα and Ki67. The number of positive cells and the intensity of the reaction were taken into account in order to assess TOPIIα expression. MC was estimated in the hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides in the area of 2.37 mm2. Positive association between TOPIIα and MC, but no association between TOPIIα and Ki67 was found. It can be concluded that the immunohistochemical determination of TOPIIα as a molecular target for drugs from the anthracycline group may be used in association with MC to establish a diagnostic-clinical protocol for selecting dogs with DLBCL for treatment with anthracycline drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Klimiuk
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory VetDiagnostyka, 20-418 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-510-141-271
| | - Wojciech Łopuszyński
- Sub-Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-601 Lublin, Poland; (W.Ł.); (K.B.)
| | - Kamila Bulak
- Sub-Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-601 Lublin, Poland; (W.Ł.); (K.B.)
| | - Adam Brzana
- Regional Veterinary Inspectorate in Opole, Regional Veterinary Laboratory, 45-836 Opole, Poland;
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Nobili S, Napoli C, Puccini B, Landini I, Perrone G, Brugia M, Benelli G, Doria M, Martelli M, Finolezzi E, Di Rocco A, Del Fava E, Rigacci L, Di Lollo S, Bosi A, Mini E. Identification of pharmacogenomic markers of clinical efficacy in a dose-dense therapy regimen (R-CHOP14) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2071-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.866665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chen Z, Wang J, Zhang H, Liu D, Li Y, Xu Y, Tan D, Chen D, Zhao X, Wang G. Topo IIα gene alterations correlated with survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42:310-20. [PMID: 21880040 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topoisomerase IIα (topo IIα) protein expression has prognostic significance in many cancers. However, it is still unclear whether topo IIα protein expression and gene alterations play roles as prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 102 patients with DLBCL who were homogeneously treated with CHOP chemotherapy and followed up. Using tissue microarray technology, all of the cases, consisting of 25 germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB) and 77 nongerminal centre B-cell-like (non-GCB) types, were studied. Topo IIα protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Gene copy number of topo IIα was analysed by chromogenic in situ hybridization. Cox regression, chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier statistics were performed using SPSS 15·0. RESULTS Topo IIα protein overexpression was found in 91 (91/102, 89·2%) cases, while topo IIα gene amplification was absent in all cases. Chromosome 17 deletion was identified in 3 (3/102, 2·9%) cases, diploid in 66 (66/102, 64·7%) cases and aneuploidy in 33 (33/102, 32·4%) cases. By multivariate analysis, no significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed in patients with topo IIα protein overexpression (P > 0·05), while chromosome 17 aneuploidy predicted worse PFS and OS (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that chromosome 17 aneuploidy, but not topo IIα protein expression, could predict worse survival in patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwen Chen
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pentheroudakis G, Goussia A, Voulgaris E, Nikolaidis K, Ioannidou E, Papoudou-Bai A, Grepi K, Kanavaros P, Pavlidis N, Bai M. High levels of topoisomerase IIalpha protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are associated with high proliferation, germinal center immunophenotype, and response to treatment. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:1260-8. [PMID: 20497003 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.483749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene copy number and protein expression of topoisomerase IIalpha were correlated to benefit from anthracyclines in various tumors. A retrospective series of 69 patients with DLBCL managed with CHOP chemotherapy were studied for immunohistochemical TopoIIalpha expression and numerical gene abnormalities by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The results were analyzed in relation to the expression of cell cycle proteins (Ki67, p53, HDM2, p21, p14, pRb, p16, and cyclins A, B1, D1, D2, D3, and E) and BCL6/CD10/MUM1/CD138 B-cell differentiation immunophenotype and outcome. High levels of TopoIIalpha protein were found in 91% of DLBCL cases. No evidence of TopoIIalpha gene amplification or deletion was found. The TopoIIalpha expression showed significant positive correlations with the proliferation index Ki67 (p = 0.002), cell cycle proteins pRb and cyclin D2 (p = 0.018 and p = 0.028, respectively), and the germinal center proteins bcl6 and CD10 (p = 0.010 and p < 0.0001, respectively). TopoIIalpha expression was significantly higher in germinal center B-cell like (GCB) DLBCL than in non-germinal center B-cell like (non-GCB) DLBCL (p = 0.048). TopoIIalpha protein was significantly associated with response to chemotherapy (chi(2), p = 0.024), but not with relapse-free or overall survival (p = 0.5). On multivariate analysis, only stage of disease retained independent prognostic significance (HR 0.33 for early stage, p = 0.008). Although TopoIIa gene copy number abnormalities were not found in DLBCL, high levels of protein expression are associated with GCB-cell differentiation immunophenotype, high proliferation, and response to treatment.
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Doussis-Anagnostopoulou IA, Vassilakopoulos TP, Thymara I, Korkolopoulou P, Angelopoulou MK, Siakantaris MP, Kokoris SI, Dimitriadou EM, Kalpadakis C, Matzouranis M, Kaklamanis L, Panayiotidis P, Kyrtsonis MC, Androulaki A, Patsouris E, Kittas C, Pangalis GA. Topoisomerase IIalpha expression as an independent prognostic factor in Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:1759-66. [PMID: 18347177 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To correlate the immunohistochemical expression of topoisomerase IIalpha (topoIIalpha) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) with clinicopathological parameters, the expression of Ki-67 and the outcome of patients, who had been homogenously treated with ABVD or equivalent regimens. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody Ki-S1 (topoIIalpha) was performed in 238 HL patients. MiB1 (Ki-67) expression was evaluated in 211/238. RESULTS The mean +/- SD percentage of topoIIalpha- and Ki-67-positive Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells was 63 +/- 19% (5%-98%) and 73 +/- 19% (8%-99%), respectively. The median percentage of topoIIalpha-positive HRS cells was 64% (interquartile range, 51-78%). There was no correlation between topoIIalpha expression and patient characteristics. TopoIIalpha and Ki-67 expression were correlated (Spearman's Rho 0.255, P < 0.001). TopoIlalpha expression within the highest quartile of this patient population was predictive of failure free survival (FFS) (10-year rates 82 +/- 3% vs 68 +/- 7%, P = 0.02 for patients falling into the quartiles 1-3 and 4 respectively). In multivariate analysis topoIIalpha expression was independently predictive of FFS. CONCLUSION TopoIIalpha was expressed in all cases of HL showing a correlation with Ki-67 expression. Under current standard therapy including drugs inhibiting its activity, topoIIalpha was an independent adverse predictor of FFS with no statistically significant correlation with other established prognostic factors.
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Chacko G, Chacko AG, Rajshekhar V, Muliyil JP. Intracranial hemangiopericytomas: correlation of topoisomerase IIalpha expression with biologic behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 65:11-7. [PMID: 16378841 DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2005.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2005] [Revised: 07/05/2005] [Accepted: 08/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningeal hemangiopericytomas are aggressive tumors that have a high rate of recurrence despite gross total resection and radiation therapy. Topoisomerase, a cell proliferation marker, is also a target of certain chemotherapeutic agents, and its nuclear levels are speculated to predict efficacy of targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to correlate the topoisomerase IIalpha proliferation index (TPI) with biologic behavior in intracranial hemangiopericytomas. METHODS Clinical, radiological, and management data in 27 patients with intracranial hemangiopericytoma admitted between 1990 and 2003 were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on all the tumors using a monoclonal antibody to topoisomerase IIalpha, and the proliferation index was calculated. The effect of TPI on outcome was sought. RESULTS The male/female ratio was 15:12. The mean age at presentation was 31.33 years. A radical excision of tumor was done in 18, subtotal excision in 2, partial excision in 4, and a biopsy in 3 patients. Tumor recurrence was noted in 15 (55.6%) of the 27 patients (mean follow-up duration, 51.5 months). The time to recurrence ranged from 7 months to 8 years (mean, 49 months). The 5-year recurrence-free survival was 33.8% in patients with a TPI of 5% or greater, and 72% in patients with a TPI of less than 5%. The relative risk of recurrence was 2.9 times greater in patients with a TPI 5% or greater as compared with those a TPI of less than 5%. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that cases with a radical excision, radiation therapy, or a TPI index of less than 5% have a longer recurrence-free survival. A TPI of 5% or greater is a reliable predictor of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Chacko
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 632004, India.
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Schrader C, Janssen D, Meusers P, Brittinger G, Siebmann JU, Parwaresch R, Tiemann M. Repp86: a new prognostic marker in mantle cell lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2005; 75:498-504. [PMID: 16313262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2005.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proliferation indices are important prognostic factors for the clinical outcome of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). We investigated whether the expression of repp86 (restrictedly expressed proliferation-associated protein 86 kDa), a new proliferation specific marker expressed in the cell cycle phases G(2), S and M, but not in G(1), correlates with the clinical course in patients with MCL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Biopsy specimens from 94 untreated patients enrolled in two multicenter trials were investigated immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies against CD20, CD5, CD3, CD23, cyclin D1, and repp86 (Ki-S2). RESULTS Patients with 0-1% repp86 expression had a median overall survival time of 71.0 months, compared with 38.2 months for patients with 1-5% positive cells and 25.4 months for patients with 5-10% positive tumor cells. Patients with repp86 expression of more than 10% showed the shortest survival (median: 15.0 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant difference in the overall survival time between patients with very high (>10%) and very low (0-1%) repp86 expression (P < 0.0001) in the tumor cells. The multivariate analysis revealed repp86 expression to be superior to other clinical characteristics as a prognostic factor (P = 0.0016). CONCLUSION Based on these findings, repp86 expression is a new important prognostic factor in MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schrader
- II. Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.
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Korkolopoulou P, Vassilakopoulos TP. Topoisomerase IIα as a prognostic factor in mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2004; 18:1347-9. [PMID: 15201855 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Korkolopoulou
- Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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Kenny LM, Aboagye EO, Price PM. Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Cell Proliferation in Oncology. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2004; 16:176-85. [PMID: 15191004 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2003.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumour-cell proliferation is a hallmark of the malignant phenotype. Positron emission tomography (PET) offers a unique method of imaging biological and biochemical changes in vivo. Radiolabelled thymidine and thymidine analogues are currently in development as PET tracers. By studying the uptake and kinetics of such compounds using PET, a measure of DNA synthesis and hence cell proliferation can be obtained. Molecular imaging of cellular proliferation with PET is now possible, and has the potential to play an important role in the evaluation of efficacy of new anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Kenny
- Molecular Therapy Group and PET Oncology Group, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Schrader C, Meusers P, Brittinger G, Teymoortash A, Siebmann JU, Janssen D, Parwaresch R, Tiemann M. Topoisomerase IIα expression in mantle cell lymphoma: a marker of cell proliferation and a prognostic factor for clinical outcome. Leukemia 2004; 18:1200-6. [PMID: 15116121 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a malignant lymphoma associated with a relatively aggressive clinical course and a median overall survival time of 3-4 years. Treatment usually consists of combination chemotherapy, often including topoisomerase (topo) inhibitors such as doxorubicin, etoposide and mitoxantrone. Topo IIalpha is an enzyme that is needed whenever uncoiling of DNA is necessary during the cell cycle. The enzyme is a marker of cell proliferation. We analyzed the expression of topo IIalpha in relation to Ki-67 and the clinical outcome in patients with MCL. Biopsy specimens from 95 untreated patients enrolled in two multicenter trials (1975-1985) were investigated immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies against topo IIalpha (Ki-S4) and Ki-67 (Ki-S5). Patients with low (0-10%) topo IIalpha expression had a median overall survival time of 49.0 months, compared to 17.0 months for patients with high (more than 10%) topo IIalpha expression. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in the overall survival time related to the percentage of topo IIalpha (P<0.001) and Ki-67 (P<0.001) positive tumor cells. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed the expression of topo IIalpha as the most important prognostic factor (P<0.001) in MCL superior to the international prognostic index (IPI), the Ki-67 index and other clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schrader
- II. Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Zorzos HS, Lazaris AC, Korkolopoulou PA, Kavantzas NG, Tseleni-Balafouta S, Patsouris ES, Tsavaris NV, Davaris PS. Multidrug resistance proteins and topoisomerase IIalpha expression in colon cancer: association with metastatic potential. Pathology 2003; 35:315-8. [PMID: 12959767 DOI: 10.1080/0031302031000150524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of multidrug resistance proteins and topoisomerase IIalpha in colon cancer. METHODS Tissue sections from 89 Dukes' stage B-D colon cancer patients were selected. The expression of multidrug resistance proteins and topoisomerase IIalpha in primary tumour cells was assessed by standard immunohistochemistry. The extent of their expression was measured by image analysis and was correlated with clinicopathological features of the patients. RESULTS P-glycoprotein was associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis (P=0.005), vessel invasion (P=0.0001) and perineural invasion (P=0.020). CONCLUSIONS P-glycoprotein is probably involved in the processes of local invasion and metastatic dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haralampos S Zorzos
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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Aytac U, Sato K, Yamochi T, Yamochi T, Ohnuma K, Mills GB, Morimoto C, Dang NH. Effect of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV on Jurkat sensitivity to G2/M arrest induced by topoisomerase II inhibitors. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:455-62. [PMID: 12569391 PMCID: PMC2747550 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) is a surface antigen with multiple functions, including a role in T-cell activation and the development of certain human cancers. We previously demonstrated that CD26/DPPIV enhanced sensitivity of Jurkat cells to doxorubicin. We now show that expression of CD26/DPPIV enhanced sensitivity of CD26 Jurkat transfectants to G(2)-M arrest mediated by the antineoplastic agent etoposide. The increased sensitivity to etoposide-induced G(2)-M arrest was associated with disruption of cell cycle-related events, including hyperphosphorylation of p34(cdc2) kinase, change in cdc25C expression and phosphorylation, and alteration in cyclin B1 expression. CD26/DPPIV-associated enhancement of doxorubicin and etoposide-induced G(2)-M arrest was also observed in serum-free media, suggesting an effect of CD26 on cell-derived processes rather than serum-derived factors. Importantly, our work elucidated a potential mechanism for the enhanced susceptibility of CD26-expressing Jurkat cells to the topoisomerase II inhibitors by demonstrating that CD26/DPPIV surface expression was associated with increased topoisomerase II alpha levels and enhanced enzyme activity. Besides being the first to show a functional association between the multifaceted molecule CD26 and the key cellular protein topoisomerase II alpha, our studies provide additional evidence of a potential role for CD26 in the treatment of selected malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Aytac
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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