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Hayuningtyas RA, Han M, Choi S, Kwak MS, Park IH, Lee JH, Choi JE, Kim DK, Son M, Shin JS. The collagen structure of C1q induces wound healing by engaging discoidin domain receptor 2. Mol Med 2021; 27:125. [PMID: 34602056 PMCID: PMC8489103 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background C1q has been reported to reveal complement-independent roles in immune and non-immune cells. C1q binds to its specific receptors to regulate distinct functions that rely on the environment and cell types. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is activated by collagen and functions in wound healing by controlling matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Since C1q exhibits a collagen-like structure, we hypothesized that C1q might engage DDR2 to regulate wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Methods Cell-based assay, proximity ligation assay, ELISA, and surface plasmon analysis were utilized to investigate DDR2 and C1q binding. We also investigate the C1q-mediated in vitro wound healing ability using the human fibrosarcoma cell line, HT1080. Results C1q induced the phosphorylation of DDR2, p38 kinase, and ERK1/2. C1q and DDR2 binding improved cell migration and induced MMP2 and MMP9 expression. DDR2-specific shRNA reduced C1q-mediated cell migration for wound healing. Conclusions C1q is a new DDR2 ligand that promotes wound healing. These findings have therapeutic implications in wound healing-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Aryani Hayuningtyas
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeonggil Han
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Sup Kwak
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ki Kim
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungsun Son
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Hosszu KK, Valentino A, Peerschke EI, Ghebrehiwet B. SLE: Novel Postulates for Therapeutic Options. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583853. [PMID: 33117397 PMCID: PMC7575694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic deficiency in C1q is a strong susceptibility factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There are two major hypotheses that potentially explain the role of C1q in SLE. The first postulates that C1q deficiency abrogates apoptotic cell clearance, leading to persistently high loads of potentially immunogenic self-antigens that trigger autoimmune responses. While C1q undoubtedly plays an important role in apoptotic clearance, an essential biological process such as removal of self- waste is so critical for host survival that multiple ligand-receptor combinations do fortunately exist to ensure that proper disposal of apoptotic debris is accomplished even in the absence of C1q. The second hypothesis is based on the observation that locally synthesized C1q plays a critical role in regulating the earliest stages of monocyte to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and function. Indeed, circulating C1q has been shown to keep monocytes in a pre-dendritic state by silencing key molecular players and ensuring that unwarranted DC-driven immune responses do not occur. Monocytes are also able to display macromolecular C1 on their surface, representing a novel mechanism for the recognition of circulating "danger." Translation of this danger signal in turn, provides the requisite "license" to trigger a differentiation pathway that leads to adaptive immune response. Based on this evidence, the second hypothesis proposes that deficiency in C1q dysregulates monocyte-to-DC differentiation and causes inefficient or defective maintenance of self-tolerance. The fact that C1q receptors (cC1qR and gC1qR) are also expressed on the surface of both monocytes and DCs, suggests that C1q/C1qR may regulate DC differentiation and function through specific cell-signaling pathways. While their primary ligand is C1q, C1qRs can also independently recognize a vast array of plasma proteins as well as pathogen-associated molecular ligands, indicating that these molecules may collaborate in antigen recognition and processing, and thus regulate DC-differentiation. This review will therefore focus on the role of C1q and C1qRs in SLE and explore the gC1qR/C1q axis as a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga K Hosszu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alisa Valentino
- Department of Lab Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ellinor I Peerschke
- Department of Lab Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Berhane Ghebrehiwet
- The Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Schlosser A, Thomsen T, Shipley JM, Hein PW, Brasch F, Tornøe I, Nielsen O, Skjødt K, Palaniyar N, Steinhilber W, McCormack FX, Holmskov U. Microfibril-associated protein 4 binds to surfactant protein A (SP-A) and colocalizes with SP-A in the extracellular matrix of the lung. Scand J Immunol 2006; 64:104-16. [PMID: 16867155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2006.01778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) is an oligomeric collectin that recognizes lipid and carbohydrate moieties present on broad range of micro-organisms, and mediates microbial lysis and clearance. SP-A also modulates multiple immune-related functions including cytokine production and chemotaxis for phagocytes. Here we describe the molecular interaction between the extracellular matrix protein microfibril-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) and SP-A. MFAP4 is a collagen-binding molecule containing a C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain and a N-terminal located integrin-binding motif. We produced recombinant MFAP4 with a molecular mass of 36 and 66 kDa in the reduced and unreduced states respectively. Gel filtration chromatography and chemical crosslinking showed that MFAP4 forms oligomers of four dimers. We demonstrated calcium-dependent binding between MFAP4 and human SP-A1 and SP-A2. No binding was seen to recombinant SP-A composed of the neck region and carbohydrate recognition domain of SP-A indicating that the interaction between MFAP4 and SP-A is mediated via the collagen domain of SP-A. Monoclonal antibodies directed against MFAP4 and SP-A were used for immunohistochemical analysis, which demonstrates that the two molecules colocalize both on the elastic fibres in the interalveolar septum and in elastic lamina of pulmonary arteries of chronically inflamed lung tissue. We conclude, that MFAP4 interacts with SP-A via the collagen region in vitro, and that MFAP4 and SP-A colocates in different lung compartments indicating that the interaction may be operative in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schlosser
- Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Yang C, Hillas PJ, Báez JA, Nokelainen M, Balan J, Tang J, Spiro R, Polarek JW. The Application of Recombinant Human Collagen in Tissue Engineering. BioDrugs 2004; 18:103-19. [PMID: 15046526 DOI: 10.2165/00063030-200418020-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the main structural protein in vertebrates. It plays an essential role in providing a scaffold for cellular support and thereby affecting cell attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. As such, it also plays an important role in numerous approaches to the engineering of human tissues for medical applications related to tissue, bone, and skin repair and reconstruction. Currently, the collagen used in tissue engineering applications is derived from animal tissues, creating concerns related to the quality, purity, and predictability of its performance. It also carries the risk of transmission of infectious agents and precipitating immunological reactions. The recent development of recombinant sources of human collagen provides a reliable, predictable and chemically defined source of purified human collagens that is free of animal components. The triple-helical collagens made by recombinant technology have the same amino acid sequence as human tissue-derived collagen. Furthermore, by achieving the equivalent extent of proline hydroxylation via coexpression of genes encoding prolyl hydroxylase with the collagen genes, one can produce collagens with a similar degree of stability as naturally occurring material. The recombinant production process of collagen involves the generation of single triple-helical molecules that are then used to construct more complex three-dimensional structures. If one loosely defines tissue engineering as the use of a biocompatible scaffold combined with a biologically active agent (be it a gene or gene construct, growth factor or other biologically active agent) to induce tissue regeneration, then the production of recombinant human collagen enables the engineering of human tissue based on a human matrix or scaffold. Recombinant human collagens are an efficient scaffold for bone repair when combined with a recombinant bone morphogenetic protein in a porous, sponge-like format, and when presented as a membrane, sponge or gel can serve as a basis for the engineering of skin, cartilage and periodontal ligament, depending on the specific requirements of the chosen application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Yang
- FibroGen Inc., 225 Gateway Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Butler GS, Sim D, Tam E, Devine D, Overall CM. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) mutants are susceptible to matrix metalloproteinase proteolysis: potential role in human MBL deficiency. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:17511-9. [PMID: 11891230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m201461200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays a critical role in innate immunity. Point mutations in the collagen-like domain (R32C, G34D, or G37E) of MBL cause a serum deficiency, predisposing patients to infections and diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. We examined whether MBL mutants show enhanced susceptibility to proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are important mediators in inflammatory tissue destruction. Human and rat MBL were resistant to proteolysis in the native state but were cleaved selectively within the collagen-like domain by multiple MMPs after heat denaturation. In contrast, rat MBL with mutations homologous to those of the human variants (R23C, G25D, or G28E) was cleaved efficiently without denaturation in the collagen-like domain by MMP-2 and MMP-9 (gelatinases A and B) and MMP-14 (membrane type-1 MMP), as well as by MMP-1 (collagenase-1), MMP-8 (neutrophil collagenase), MMP-3 (stromelysin-1), neutrophil elastase, and bacterial collagenase. Sites and order of cleavage of the rat MBL mutants for MMP-2 and MMP-9 were: Gly(45)-Lys(46) --> Gly(51)-Ser(52) --> Gly(63)-Gln(64) --> Asn(80)-Met(81) which differed from that of MMP-14, Gly(39)-Leu(40) --> Asn(80)-Met(81), revealing that the MMPs were not functionally interchangeable. These sites were homologous to those cleaved in denatured human MBL. Hence, perturbation of the collagen-like structure of MBL by natural mutations or by denaturation renders MBL susceptible to MMP cleavage. MMPs are likely to contribute to MBL deficiency in individuals with variant alleles and may also be involved in clearance of MBL and modulation of the host response in normal individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina S Butler
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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6
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Horváth L, Czirják L, Fekete B, Jakab L, Prohászka Z, Cervenak L, Romics L, Singh M, Daha MR, Füst G. Levels of antibodies against C1q and 60 kDa family of heat shock proteins in the sera of patients with various autoimmune diseases. Immunol Lett 2001; 75:103-9. [PMID: 11137133 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(00)00287-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously a strong positive correlation was found between antibodies to C1q (C1qAb) and antibodies against human heat shock protein (hsp60) and mycobacterial hsp65 in HIV infected patients. Here the levels of these antibodies were measured in the sera of patients with different autoimmune diseases (122 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 55 systemic sclerosis, 33 undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), 27 primary Raynaud syndrome, 21 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 14 polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and 192 healthy blood donors. The prevalence of IgG C1qAb was found to be high (P<0.0001 as compared to the healthy controls) only in the SLE group. The levels of the anti-hsp60 (P=0.0094) and anti-hsp65 (P=0.0108) antibodies were high only in the UCTD patients. No correlation was found between the C1qAb and anti-hsp antibodies in any group except a significant (P=0.011) positive correlation between C1qAb and hsp65 antibodies in the patients with UCTD. These findings indicate that the autoantibodies against C1q are heterogeneous: in different diseases different types of C1qAb may dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Horváth
- 3rd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary
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Trinder PK, Hickling TP, Sim RB, Brackertz D, Loos M, Maeurer MJ. Humoral autoreactivity directed against surfactant protein-A (SP-A) in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 120:183-7. [PMID: 10759781 PMCID: PMC1905629 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SP-A is found principally in the lung, and has been associated with lamellar bodies also found in the synovial joint. Both SP-A and C1q contain collagen-like regions, and SP-A and C1q have some structural similarities, both having a globular head region and a collagen-like tail. Here we are able to show that (i) autoreactivity to SP-A, as expressed by IgG and IgM autoantibodies, is present in synovial fluid (SF) isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); (ii) in absorption experiments only a limited degree of cross-reactivity between autoantibodies reactive with C1q and SP-A is observed; (iii) there is no cross-reactivity between autoantibodies reactive with type II collagen (CII) and those reactive with SP-A or C1q; (iv) autoantibodies react with polymeric (dimers and larger) SP-A, but not with monomeric SP-A subunits, indicating that a degree of quaternary structure is required for antibody binding. Unlike CII, which not accessible in the normal joint, both SP-A and C1q are available within the SF in patients with RA and may therefore provide antigens driving an autoimmune response directed against collagen-like structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Trinder
- Institute of Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Siegert CE, Kazatchkine MD, Sjöholm A, Würzner R, Loos M, Daha MR. Autoantibodies against C1q: view on clinical relevance and pathogenic role. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 116:4-8. [PMID: 10209498 PMCID: PMC1905233 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C E Siegert
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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9
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Abstract
The observation of anti-C1q antibodies (C1qAb) in patients with various autoimmune diseases has led to the establishment of a strong correlation between these antibodies and renal involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The measurement of anti C1q antibodies requires detailed insight in the reactivity of C1q with immune complexes and the methods to detect C1q as an antigen by solid phase assays. In this overview we describe the pitfulls of the anti C1qAb assay and its use in the measurement of C1qAb. Further we discuss the relevance of C1qAb in the pathogenesis of SLE and especially in relation to lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Siegert
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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Rönnelid J, Gunnarsson I, Nilsson-Ekdahl K, Nilsson B. Correlation between anti-C1q and immune conglutinin levels, but not between levels of antibodies to the structurally related autoantigens C1q and type II collagen in SLE or RA. J Autoimmun 1997; 10:415-23. [PMID: 9237806 DOI: 10.1006/jaut.1997.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous appearance of autoantibodies with either a functional or structural relationship to anti-C1q antibodies (anti-C1q) was investigated in 39 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and in 28 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, in both cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Levels of anti-C1q showed an isotype-specific correlation to levels of immune con-glutinin (IK) in SLE patients, whereas no correlation was evident to levels of antibodies to the structurally related antigen type II collagen (anti-CII) in SLE or RA patients. IgG anti-C1q levels correlated with serum levels of the terminal complement complex (sC5b-9) in SLE patients. In two longi-tudinally followed patients, the IK response preceded the anti-C1q response. Possibilities for regulation of the humoral anti-complement response are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rönnelid
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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