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Karmokov MK. Karyotype characteristics, chromosomal polymorphism and gene COI sequences of Chironomus heteropilicornis Wülker, 1996 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the South Caucasus. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2019; 13:339-357. [PMID: 31723376 PMCID: PMC6838217 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v13i4.35572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study presents data on the karyotype characteristics, features of chromosomal polymorphism and the gene COI sequences of Chironomus heteropilicornis Wülker, 1996 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the South Caucasus. We found 8 banding sequences in the Caucasian population. Overall, The Caucasian population of the species can be characterized as having a low level of polymorphism. We found one new banding sequence hpiA2 in the banding sequence pool of Ch. heteropilicornis. We observed inversion polymorphism only in the arm F. The dendrogram of genetic distances by Nei criteria (1972) shows a clear separation of the Caucasian population from populations of Siberia. At the same time, the distance between populations of Siberia and the population of South Caucasus (0.379-0.445) almost reach the mean distance (0.474 ± 0.314) between subspecies (Gunderina 2001). Due to this, we can assume that the population of South Caucasus separated from Siberian populations at the level of subspecies. Constructed on data for COI gene sequences the phylogenetic tree estimated by the Bayesian inference shows that the sequences of Ch. heteropilicornis from the South Caucasus form a separate line in the general branch of Ch. heteropilicornis sequences. At the same time, calculated K2P genetic distances between Ch. heteropilicornis sequences from Norway and Caucasus (2.0-2.2%) do not exceed the 3% threshold for the genus Chironomus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhamed Kh. Karmokov
- Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain territories RAS,I. Armand str., 37a, Nalchik 360051, RussiaTembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain territories, Russian Academy of SciencesNalchikRussia
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Herrmann SJ, Sublette JE, Helland LK, Nimmo DWR, Carsella JS, Herrmann-Hoesing LM, Heuvel BDV. Species Richness, Diversity, and Ecology of Chironomidae (Diptera) in Fountain Creek: A Colorado Front Range Sandy-Bottom Watershed. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2016. [DOI: 10.3398/064.076.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Montagna M, Mereghetti V, Lencioni V, Rossaro B. Integrated Taxonomy and DNA Barcoding of Alpine Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149673. [PMID: 26938660 PMCID: PMC4777558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and efficient DNA-based tools are recommended for the evaluation of the insect biodiversity of high-altitude streams. In the present study, focused principally on larvae of the genus Diamesa Meigen 1835 (Diptera: Chironomidae), the congruence between morphological/molecular delimitation of species as well as performances in taxonomic assignments were evaluated. A fragment of the mitochondrial cox1 gene was obtained from 112 larvae, pupae and adults (Diamesinae, Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae) that were collected in different mountain regions of the Alps and Apennines. On the basis of morphological characters 102 specimens were attributed to 16 species, and the remaining ten specimens were identified to the genus level. Molecular species delimitation was performed using: i) distance-based Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), with no a priori assumptions on species identification; and ii) coalescent tree-based approaches as the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent model, its Bayesian implementation and Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes. The ABGD analysis, estimating an optimal intra/interspecific nucleotide distance threshold of 0.7%-1.4%, identified 23 putative species; the tree-based approaches, identified between 25-26 entities, provided nearly identical results. All species belonging to zernyi, steinboecki, latitarsis, bertrami, dampfi and incallida groups, as well as outgroup species, are recovered as separate entities, perfectly matching the identified morphospecies. In contrast, within the cinerella group, cases of discrepancy arose: i) the two morphologically separate species D. cinerella and D. tonsa are neither monophyletic nor diagnosable exhibiting low values of between-taxa nucleotide mean divergence (0.94%); ii) few cases of larvae morphological misidentification were observed. Head capsule color is confirmed to be a valid character able to discriminate larvae of D. zernyi, D. tonsa and D. cinerella, but it is here better defined as a color gradient between the setae submenti and genal setae. DNA barcodes performances were high: average accuracy was ~89% and precision of ~99%. On the basis of the present data, we can thus conclude that molecular identification represents a promising tool that could be effectively adopted in evaluating biodiversity of high-altitude streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Montagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mereghetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Lencioni
- MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Bruno Rossaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente—Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, I-20133, Milano, Italy
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Silva FL, Wiedenbrug S. Integrating DNA barcodes and morphology for species delimitation in the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2014; 104:65-78. [PMID: 24112240 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485313000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we use DNA barcodes for species delimitation to solve taxonomic conflicts in 86 specimens of 14 species belonging to the Corynoneura group (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Molecular analysis of cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences supported 14 cohesive species groups, of which two similar groups were subsequently associated with morphological variation at the pupal stage. Eleven species previously described based on morphological criteria were linked to DNA markers. Furthermore, there is the possibility that there may be cryptic species within the Corynoneura group, since one group of species presented internal grouping, although no morphological divergence was observed. Our results support DNA-barcoding as an excellent tool for species delimitation in groups where taxonomy by means of morphology is difficult or even impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Silva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Entomology, Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - S Wiedenbrug
- Museum of Zoology, University of São Paulo, Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Carew ME, Marshall SE, Hoffmann AA. A combination of molecular and morphological approaches resolves species in the taxonomically difficult genus Procladius Skuse (Diptera: Chironomidae) despite high intra-specific morphological variation. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2011; 101:505-519. [PMID: 21388576 DOI: 10.1017/s000748531100006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Molecular approaches for identifying aquatic macroinvertebrate species are increasingly being used but there is ongoing debate about the number of DNA markers needed to differentiate species accurately. Here, we use two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase I, cytochrome b) and a nuclear gene (carbamoylphosphate synthetase) to differentiate species variation within the taxonomically challenging chironomid genus Procladius from southern Australia, a genus which is important for pollution monitoring. The mitochondrial genes indicated cryptic species that were subsequently linked to morphological variation at the larval and pupal stage. Two species previously described based on morphological criteria were linked to molecular markers, and there was evidence for additional cryptic species. Each genetic marker provided different information, highlighting the importance of considering multiple genes when dissecting taxonomically difficult groups, particularly those used in pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Carew
- Victorian Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, Department of Zoology, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia.
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Polukonova NV, Djomin AG, Mugue NS, Shaikevich EV. Comparison of Chironomus usenicus and Chironomus curabilis with species of the group plumosus (Diptera) inferred from the mitochondrial DNA Gene COI and by the polytene chromosomes banding pattern. RUSS J GENET+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279540908002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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KROSCH MATTN, BAKER ANDREWM, MCKIE BRENDANG, MATHER PETERB, CRANSTON PETERS. Deeply divergent mitochondrial lineages reveal patterns of local endemism in chironomids of the Australian Wet Tropics. AUSTRAL ECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.01932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Carew ME, Pettigrove V, Cox RL, Hoffmann AA. DNA identification of urban Tanytarsini chironomids (Diptera:Chironomidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1899/06-120.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Krueger A, Hennings IC. Molecular phylogenetics of blackflies of the Simulium damnosum complex and cytophylogenetic implications. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2005; 39:83-90. [PMID: 16360322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2005] [Revised: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The molecular phylogenetics of the Simulium damnosum complex, including vectors of the human parasite Onchocerca volvulus, from various parts of Africa was studied and compared with results of cytogenetic analyses. The sequence data of mitochondrial 16s and nuclear ITS2 rDNA revealed that the complex comprises two main clades, roughly covering the more easterly and westerly African taxa, respectively. However, striking inconsistencies in the tree topologies turned up between the DNA fragments regarding the position of certain subcomplexes and species. The cytophylogenetic relationships are better reflected in the ITS2 tree where Simulium pandanophilum and Simulium mengense constitute a basal, Central African clade of the entire complex and are therefore suggested to be the chromosomal roots too. Further divisions and the corresponding biogeographic interpretations are discussed. Several species and cytoforms are placed within the system for the first time. The phylogenetic relationships within the complex do hardly correlate with host preferences or other behavioral and ecological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Krueger
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
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Kopp A, Frank AK, Barmina O. Interspecific divergence, intrachromosomal recombination, and phylogenetic utility of Y-chromosomal genes in Drosophila. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2005; 38:731-41. [PMID: 16325432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Revised: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/15/2005] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships among recently diverged species is complicated by three general problems: segregation of polymorphisms that pre-date species divergence, gene flow during and after speciation, and intra-locus recombination. In light of these difficulties, the Y chromosome offers several important advantages over other genomic regions as a source of phylogenetic information. These advantages include the absence of recombination, rapid coalescence, and reduced opportunity for interspecific introgression due to hybrid male sterility. In this report, we test the phylogenetic utility of Y-chromosomal sequences in two groups of closely related and partially inter-fertile Drosophila species. In the D. bipectinata species complex, Y-chromosomal loci unambiguously recover the phylogeny most consistent with previous multi-locus analysis and with reproductive relationships, and show no evidence of either post-speciation gene flow or persisting ancestral polymorphisms. In the D. simulans species complex, the situation is complicated by the duplication of at least one Y-linked gene region, followed by intrachromosomal recombination between the duplicate genes that scrambles their genealogy. We suggest that Y-chromosomal sequences are a useful tool for resolving phylogenetic relationships among recently diverged species, especially in male-heterogametic organisms that conform to Haldane's rule. However, duplication of Y-linked genes may not be uncommon, and special care should be taken to distinguish between orthologous and paralogous sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artyom Kopp
- Section of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Genetics and Development University of California-Davis, Davis CA 95616, USA.
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Sella G, Bovero S, Ginepro M, Michailova P, Petrova N, Robotti CA, Zelano V. Inherited and somatic cytogenetic variability in Palearctic populations of Chironomus riparius Meigen 1804 (Diptera, Chironomidae). Genome 2005; 47:332-44. [PMID: 15060586 DOI: 10.1139/g03-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inter- and intracytogenetic variability was analyzed in 13 natural Palearctic populations of Chironomus riparius Meigen 1804 (syn. Chironomus thummi) by examining hereditary and somatic aberrations (mainly inversions) of the salivary gland polytene chromosomes. In total, 77 different types of inherited inversion sequences and 184 different types of somatic inversions were found. The median percent frequency of inherited inversions was 1.4% and karyotypic divergence between populations was very low. Most hereditary inversions were endemic and always in a heterozygous state. Only six inversion sequences, each of them shared by two very distant populations, may be considered a relic of very ancient ancestral inversions. Unlike inherited inversions, occurrence of somatic aberrations seems to increase with the overall rise in the level of heavy metal pollution of the sediments from which larvae were sampled. In contrast with what occurs in populations of other chironomid species, populations of C. riparius do not seem to undergo a process of cytogenetic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Sella
- Department of Animal and Human Biology, University of Turin, Italy.
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