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Braun A, Berthold M, Buttler P, Glock J, Wenzler JS. A New Mass Spectroscopy-Based Method for Assessing the Periodontal-Endodontic Interface after Intracanal Placement of Biomaterials In Vitro. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040175. [PMID: 37103265 PMCID: PMC10143328 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the interface between biomaterials and dental hard tissues can prevent leakage of bacteria or inflammatory mediators into periapical tissues and thus avoid alveolar bone inflammation. In this study, an analysis system for testing the periodontal-endodontic interface using gas leakage and subsequent mass spectrometry was developed and validated using the roots of 15 single-rooted teeth in four groups: (I) roots without root canal filling, (II) roots with an inserted gutta-percha post without sealer, (III) roots with gutta-percha post and sealer, (IV) roots filled with sealer only, and (V) adhesively covered roots. Helium was used as the test gas, and its leakage rate was found by measuring the rising ion current using mass spectrometry. This system made it possible to differentiate between the leakage rates of tooth specimens with different fillings. Roots without filling showed the highest leakage values (p < 0.05). Specimens with a gutta-percha post without sealer showed statistically significantly higher leakage values than groups with a filling of gutta-percha and sealer or sealer alone (p < 0.05). This study shows that a standardized analysis system can be developed for periodontal-endodontic interfaces to prevent biomaterials and tissue degradation products from affecting the surrounding alveolar bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Braun
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Berthold
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia Buttler
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Joanna Glock
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes-Simon Wenzler
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Moinzadeh AT, De Moor RJG, De Bruyne MAA. Influence of a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal dressing on the quality of the root canal filling assessed by capillary flow porometry. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1733-1739. [PMID: 29116496 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of a calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing (CH) on the short- and long-term sealing ability of the root canal filling using capillary flow porometry (CFP). MATERIALS AND METHODS To verify the repeatability of the method, five obturated specimens were submitted to CFP. Measurements were repeated three times and compared with the non-parametric Friedman test. Forty-five instrumented palatal roots were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1: specimens were obturated in one step without placement of any dressing. Group 2: CH was placed and removed after 1 week with syringe irrigation before obturation. Group 3: CH was placed and removed after 1 week with ultrasonic activation before obturation. CFP measurements were conducted at 1 week and 6 months after obturation. The inter-group comparisons were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the intra-group comparison over time using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS In the five specimens, no difference could be detected between the consecutive measurements for minimum, mean flow, and maximum pore diameter indicating repeatability of the method. No difference in sealing ability could be detected neither between the 3 groups at 1 week and at 6 months nor within each group between the 1 week and the 6 months measurements. CONCLUSIONS Placement of a CH did not affect significantly the short- and long-term sealing ability of the root canal filling. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of an intermediary CH does not negatively influence the quality of the root canal filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Teymour Moinzadeh
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Gustav Mahler Laan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Tand-, mond- en kaakziekten, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roeland J G De Moor
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Tand-, mond- en kaakziekten, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mieke A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Tand-, mond- en kaakziekten, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Alves AMH, Pozzobon MH, Bortoluzzi EA, da Silveira Teixeira C, Souza BDM, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Felippe WT. Bacterial penetration into filled root canals exposed to different pressures and to the oral environment—in vivo analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1157-1165. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3D Micro-CT Analysis of Void and Gap Formation in Curved Root Canals. Eur Endod J 2017; 2:1-5. [PMID: 33403353 PMCID: PMC7757970 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2017.17004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study used microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to compare the volumes of voids and gaps in curved root canals instrumented and filled using various techniques. Methods: Twenty extracted mandibular first molars with two curved mesial root canals were used. Root canals were instrumented using a self-adjusting file (SAF) or Revo-S file system. For standardization, mesiobuccal canals were instrumented with SAF and mesiolingual canals were instrumented with Revo-S in each root. The canals were divided into four experimental groups (n=10 in each). The canals were then filled via cold lateral compaction (CLC) or a thermoplasticized injectable technique (TT) using gutta-percha and AH Plus root canal sealer. The roots were scanned with a micro-CT, and the volumes of the voids and gaps were calculated using three-dimensional (3D) micro-CT images. Data were analyzed using unpaired t- and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A value of P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: None of the tested techniques provided void- or gap-free fillings. Nevertheless, the SAF showed more gap formation than the Revo-S, and TT showed higher gap formation in all experimental groups. These differences, however, were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The SAF and Revo-S rotary file systems yielded comparable results. No statistically significant difference was found between the results of the various instrumentation and filling techniques.
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Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Three Obturation Techniques Using a Glucose Leakage Test. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2704094. [PMID: 28706942 PMCID: PMC5494785 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2704094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of three different canal filling techniques. Sixty-four roots of extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared using ProTaper® rotary instruments. The specimens were then randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (n = 16) and 2 control groups (n = 8). The root canals were filled using cold lateral compaction (CLC group), continuous wave condensation technique using the Elements Obturation Unit® (EOU group), and ProTaper obturators (PT group). For the negative control group, 8 roots were filled using lateral compaction as in the CLC group, and the teeth were covered twice with a layer of nail varnish (NCG group). Another 8 roots were filled using lateral compaction, but without sealer, and these were used as the positive control (PCG group). A glucose leakage model was used for quantitative evaluation of microleakage for 24 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 weeks. No significant difference in the cumulative amount of leakage was found between the three experimental groups at all observation times. The lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha can guarantee a similar seal of canal fillings as can be achieved by using thermal methods, in the round canals.
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Ballullaya SV, Vinay V, Thumu J, Devalla S, Bollu IP, Balla S. Stereomicroscopic Dye Leakage Measurement of Six Different Root Canal Sealers. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC65-ZC68. [PMID: 28764296 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25780.10077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hermetic sealing of the root canal is the most desirable outcome of any root canal treatment, but almost always the filling of the root canal is defective, which is a multifactorial outcome. One such factor majorly influencing the obturation is the root canal sealer used. AIM The present study was done for evaluating microleakage in different root canal sealers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted human single rooted teeeth were used in this in-vitro study. Sealers tested for microleakage in this study were zinc oxide eugenol based sealer, Sealapex, AH Plus, MTA Plus, EndoRez, Endosequence BC. All the specimens were examined under stereomicroscope for microleakage and the obtained data were statistically analysed using One-way ANOVA test and Tukey's multiple comparision tests using the software GraphPad Prism 7.02. RESULTS The Endosequence BC group showed the least dye leakage and the highest leakage was seen in Zinc oxide Eugenol based sealer. CONCLUSION Bio ceramic salers being hydrophilic show better sealing ability compared to resin based and eugenol based sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi V Ballullaya
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vusurumarthi Vinay
- Postgraduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jayaprakash Thumu
- Head and Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srihari Devalla
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Indira Priyadarshini Bollu
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sagarika Balla
- Postgraduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jafari F, Sobhani E, Samadi-Kafil H, Pirzadeh A, Jafari S. In vitro evaluation of the sealing ability of three newly developed root canal sealers: A bacterial microleakage study. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e561-e565. [PMID: 27957271 PMCID: PMC5149092 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of MTA Fillapex, Apatite Root Canal Sealer and AH26 sealers. Material and Methods The present in vitro study was carried out on 142 extracted single-rooted human mature teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n=44) and two control groups (n=5). Three root canal sealers were MTA Fillapex, Apatite Root Canal Sealer and AH26. The teeth in the control groups were either filled with no sealer or made completely impermeable. The root canals were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha and one of the sealers. The teeth were sterilized with ethylene oxide gas prior to the bacterial leakage assessment using Enterococcus faecalis. Leakage was evaluated every 24 hours for 90 days. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods and chi-squared test. If the data were significant, a proper post hoc test was used. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results The positive control specimens exhibited total bacterial penetration whilst the negative control specimens showed no evidence of bacterial penetration. At the end of the study, the analysis of microleakage with chi-squared test showed no significant differences between the experimental groups (P<0.05). The results of chi-squared test analyzing the pair-wise differences between the groups considering the numerical values for leakage day indicated the lowest leakage with AH26 and the highest with Apatite root sealer. Conclusions According to the results of the present study, sealing ability of AH26 was significantly higher than that of MTA Fillapex and Apatite Root Canal Sealer. Key words:Mineral Trioxide aggregate, root canal obturation, dental seal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Endodontics Department, Dentistry Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Ehsan Sobhani
- Dentist, Dentistry Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Hossein Samadi-Kafil
- Assistant Professor, Drug Applied Reserach Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Pirzadeh
- Assistant Professor, Oral health and community Dentistry Department, Dentistry Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Sanaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Orthodontics Department, Dentistry Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Chersoni S, Acquaviva GL, Prati C, Ferrari M, Grandini S, Pashley DH, Tay FR. In vivo Fluid Movement through Dentin Adhesives in Endodontically Treated Teeth. J Dent Res 2016; 84:223-7. [PMID: 15723860 DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid transudation through simplified dentin adhesives can occur in bonded vital crown dentin, since these adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. The effect of adhesive permeability in endodontically treated teeth is unknown. This study examined the hypothesis that in vivo fluid movement through simplified adhesives occurs when they are applied to root canals. Dowel spaces were prepared in endodontically treated teeth with single root canals. Six adhesives were applied to the intra-radicular dentin of canal walls. Impressions were obtained with polyvinyl siloxane, and replicas were fabricated with the use of polyether impression material. Replica hemisections were gold-coated for SEM examination. Fluid transudation was evident on the adhesive surfaces of all simplified total-etch and self-etch adhesives. Conversely, most of the specimens bonded with the control three-step total-etch adhesive were devoid of fluid droplets. Permeability of simplified adhesives results in water movement, even in root-treated dentin. This may adversely affect the coupling of auto-/dual-cured resin cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chersoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Italy
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9
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Alshehri M, Alamri HM, Alshwaimi E, Kujan O. Micro-computed tomographic assessment of quality of obturation in the apical third with continuous wave vertical compaction and single match taper sized cone obturation techniques. SCANNING 2016; 38:352-356. [PMID: 26445384 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) analysis was to compare the quality of obturation in the apical third of the root with the warm vertical compaction (WVC) and single matching taper sized cone (SMTSC) techniques. Mesial roots of 16 freshly extracted mandibular first molar teeth (with a total of 32 canals) were used. Canals in each mesial root were shaped to a size F3 Protaper and were randomly assigned to either continuous wave vertical compaction or single match tapered size cone technique. Volume of voids and gaps in the obturated roots were measured using micro-CT scanning at 1, 3, and 5 mm from the apex of the root. There was no statistically significant difference in the volume of voids measured at 1 mm (p > 0.05), 3 mm (p > 0.05) and 5 mm (p > 0.05) filled with either WVC and SMTSC techniques. The quality of obturation in the apical third of the root with the WVC and SMTSC techniques is comparable. SCANNING 38:352-356, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alshehri
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and University Hospitals, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M Alamri
- Endodontics Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Alshwaimi
- Endodontics Division, Restorative Dental Sciences Department, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Kujan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, College of Dentistry, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pereira RD, Brito-Júnior M, Leoni GB, Estrela C, de Sousa-Neto MD. Evaluation of bond strength in single-cone fillings of canals with different cross-sections. Int Endod J 2016; 50:177-183. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Pereira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - M. Brito-Júnior
- Department of Dentistry; State University of Montes Claros; Montes Claros Brazil
| | - G. B. Leoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - C. Estrela
- Department of Endodontics; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - M. D. de Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
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Mokhtari H, Rahimi S, Forough Reyhani M, Galledar S, Mokhtari Zonouzi HR. Comparison of Push-out Bond Strength of Gutta-percha to Root Canal Dentin in Single-cone and Cold Lateral Compaction Techniques with AH Plus Sealer in Mandibular Premolars. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:221-5. [PMID: 26889358 PMCID: PMC4753030 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. The single-cone technique has gained some popularity in some European countries. The aim of the present study was to compare the push-out bond strength of gutta-percha to root canal dentin with the single-cone and cold lateral compaction canal obturation techniques. Materials and methods. The root canals of 58 human mandibular premolars were prepared using modified crown-down technique with ProTaper rotary files up to #F3as a master apical file (MAF) and divided randomly into groups A and B based on canal obturation technique. In group A (n = 29) the root canals were obturated with single-cone technique with #F3(30/.09) ProTaper gutta-percha, which was matched with MAF in relation to diameter, taper and manufacturer; in group B (n = 29) the canals were obturated with gutta-percha using cold lateral compaction technique. In both groups AH plus sealer were used. After two weeks of incubation, three 2-mm slices were prepared at a distance of 2 mm from the coronal surface and push-out test was carried out. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using independent samples t-test. Results. There were statistically significant differences between two groups. The mean push-out bond strength was higher in group B (lateral compaction technique) compared to group A (single-cone technique; P < 0.05). Conclusion. Use of single-cone technique for obturation of root canals resulted in a lower bond strength compared to cold lateral compaction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mokhtari
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Rahimi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Forough Reyhani
- Assosiate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Galledar
- Post-graduate Student, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mokhtari Zonouzi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Almeida JD, Alves AMH, Melo RFD, Felippe MCS, Bortoluzzi EA, Teixeira CDS, Felippe WT. The sealing ability of MTA apical plugs exposed to a phosphate-buffered saline. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 21:341-5. [PMID: 24037073 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exposure of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) - with and without calcium chloride (CaCl2) - to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on the apical microleakage using a glucose leakage system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty root segments were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n=15). After resecting the apical segments and enlarging the canals with Gates-Glidden drills, the apical cavities were filled with MTA with or without CaCl2 and the root canals were dressed with a moistened cotton pellet or PBS, as follows: 1) MTA/cotton pellet; 2) MTA/PBS; 3) MTA+10%CaCl2/cotton pellet; 4) MTA+10%CaCl2/PBS. All root segments were introduced in floral foams moistened with PBS. After 2 months, all root segments were prepared to evaluate the glucose leakage along the apical plugs. The amount of glucose leakage was measured following an enzymatic reaction and quantified by a spectrophotometer. Four roots were used as controls. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05). RESULTS There were no differences between groups 1 and 2 (p>0.05), and 3 and 4 (p>0.05). The addition of CaCl2 to the MTA significantly decreased its sealing ability (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The interaction with PBS did not improve the MTA sealing ability. The addition of CaCl2 to the MTA negatively influenced the apical seal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane de Almeida
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, FlorianópolisSC, Brazil
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13
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Gomes-Filho JE, Moreira JV, Watanabe S, Lodi CS, Cintra LTA, Dezan Junior E, Bernabé PFE, Nery MJ, Otoboni Filho JA. Sealability of MTA and calcium hydroxidecontaining sealers. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 20:347-51. [PMID: 22858702 PMCID: PMC3881769 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical sealability of
Fillapex®, Endo-CPM-Sealer® and Sealapex®.
Material and Methods Ninety-four freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were selected and decoronated.
All teeth were radiographed to confirm the existence of a single and straight root
canal, which was prepared using Protaper Universal and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.
The teeth were randomly divided in groups of 10 specimens each according to the
sealer, and the canals were filled using the single cone technique and one of the
sealers. Four additional teeth were used as controls. The teeth were submitted to
dye leakage with Rhodamine B for 24 h but using vacuum on the initial 15 min.
Thereafter, they were cut longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear
fashion from apex to crown. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5%
significance level. Results Fillapex® and Sealapex® showed significantly less dye
leakage than Endo-CPM-Sealer® (p<0.05). Conclusions It was concluded that Fillapex® and Sealapex® were able to
prevent apical dye leakage differently from Endo-CPM-Sealer®.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Gandolfi MG, Parrilli AP, Fini M, Prati C, Dummer PMH. 3D micro-CT analysis of the interface voids associated with Thermafil root fillings used with AH Plus or a flowable MTA sealer. Int Endod J 2012; 46:253-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, Department of Odontostomatological Science; University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy; Italy
| | - A. P. Parrilli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna; Italy
| | - M. Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna; Italy
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Balguerie E, van der Sluis L, Vallaeys K, Gurgel-Georgelin M, Diemer F. Sealer Penetration and Adaptation in the Dentinal Tubules: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study. J Endod 2011; 37:1576-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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An ex vivo comparison of the push-out bond strength of a new endodontic filling system (Smartseal) and various gutta-percha filling techniques. Odontology 2011; 100:187-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-011-0040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shemesh H, Wesselink PR, Wu MK. Incidence of dentinal defects after root canal filling procedures. Int Endod J 2010; 43:995-1000. [PMID: 20722755 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01740.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the incidence of dentinal defects (cracks and craze lines) after root canal preparation, lateral compaction and continuous wave compaction of gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. METHODOLOGY Two hundred mandibular premolar teeth were divided into four groups with similar average canal diameters (n=50). One group was left untreated and served as the control. The other three groups were prepared with ProTaper rotary instruments up to size F4. After preparation, one group was left unfilled while two groups were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 using either lateral compaction or the continuous wave technique. Roots were then sectioned at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex and inspected under a microscope. The appearance of dentinal defects was noted as well as the minimum and mean remaining dentine thickness. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the incidence of dentinal defects between the groups (α=0.05), and Pearson correlation test was performed to check the correlation between defects and root level or remaining dentine thickness. RESULTS The unprepared control group had no dentinal defects. The other groups exhibited significantly more defects than the unprepared group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of defects between the two filling techniques. There was no correlation between the appearance of defects and level of the root or remaining dentine thickness. CONCLUSIONS In extracted teeth, dentinal defects were observed in roots filled with gutta-percha and AH26 using the lateral compaction and continuous wave techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shemesh
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam and Free University Amsterdam, Louwesweg, the Netherlands.
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Gandolfi MG, Prati C. MTA and F-doped MTA cements used as sealers with warm gutta-percha. Long-term study of sealing ability. Int Endod J 2010; 43:889-901. [PMID: 20618878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the long-term sealing ability (up to 6 months) of two experimental calcium silicate MTA cements used as root canal sealers in association with warm gutta-percha. METHODOLOGY Calcium silicate (MTA) and calcium-fluoro-silicate powders were prepared. Sodium fluoride was included in FMTA (Fluoride-doped Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) as an expansive and retardant agent. Single-rooted teeth were instrumented with NiTi rotary instruments, filled with warm gutta-percha in association with one of the experimental sealers or with AH Plus as a control (n = 20 for each sealer) and stored at 37 °C. Sealing was assessed at 24, 48 h, 1, 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6 months by a fluid filtration method. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis (SEM/EDX) was used to study the dentine/sealer interface of roots stored for 6 months and the surface of cement disks stored for 24 h. RESULTS All sealers revealed a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05) in fluid filtration after the first 2 weeks. No statistically significant differences were observed between FMTA and AH Plus at all analysis times. At short times (24, 48-h), no statistically significant differences were found between the experimental cements and AH Plus. At long-term evaluations (1, 3, 6 months), FMTA and AH Plus sealed significantly better (P < 0.05) than MTA. FMTA was associated with lower fluid filtration rates, and the seal was stable from 48 h to 6 months, thus proving the most effective material. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis of root sections filled with calcium silicate sealers revealed the formation of a blend layer of gutta-percha and cement consequent to the warm gutta-percha condensation technique. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis of 24-h-stored disks identified a Ca-rich coating on the outer surface consisting of globular particles (calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate), and a deeper internal Ca- and Si-rich region consisting of needle-like ettringite crystals and round formations of calcium silicate hydrate gel. CONCLUSION Fluoride-doped MTA demonstrated stable sealing during a period of up to 6 months and significantly better than conventional calcium silicate MTA cements and comparable to AH Plus. The study supports the suitability of calcium silicate MTA cements as sealers in association with warm gutta-percha for root filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology of Endodontic Clinical Section, Department of Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Sealing properties of one-step root-filling fibre post-obturators vs. two-step delayed fibre post-placement. J Dent 2010; 38:547-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Leonardo MV, Goto EH, Torres CRG, Borges AB, Carvalho CAT, Barcellos DC. Assessment of the apical seal of root canals using different filling techniques. J Oral Sci 2010; 51:593-9. [PMID: 20032613 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the apical leakage of roots filled by three different gutta-percha techniques: lateral condensation, Tagger's hybrid and E&Q Master. Forty-two extracted single-rooted teeth were used. The coronal part of each tooth was removed and the root received biomechanical preparation using a 60-K file. The roots were randomly divided into three groups according to the technique of filling the root canal: Group I, lateral condensation; Group II, Tagger's hybrid; Group III, E&Q Master. The roots were submitted to dye leakage test with Rhodamine B for 7 days, using vacuum during the initial 30 min. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear fashion from apex to crown. Statistical analysis indicated that lateral condensation and E&Q Master techniques showed lower leakage than Tagger's technique (P = 0.0016). However, statistically no difference was found between lateral condensation and E&Q Master system techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela V Leonardo
- Clinical Research Academic Group, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, SP, Brazil
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Wu MK, Bud MG, Wesselink PR. The quality of single cone and laterally compacted gutta-percha fillings in small and curved root canals as evidenced by bidirectional radiographs and fluid transport measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 108:946-51. [PMID: 19875314 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the quality of root fillings in small and curved root canals using bidirectional radiographs and fluid transport (FT) measurements. STUDY DESIGN Root canals in eighty 38 degrees -curved mesial roots of mandibular molars were prepared using a balanced force technique. Samples were divided into 4 groups of 20 each and obturated by either the cold lateral compaction (LC) or the single cone (SC) technique, using either epoxy resin-based or zinc oxide-eugenol sealers. Bidirectional (buccolingual and mesiodistal) radiographs were acquired from each root. The voids along the root filling were assessed. The FT along the root filling was measured using an FT monitoring device. The differences between the groups regarding FT and the bidirectional radiographic score were analyzed by means of a Kruskal-Wallis test. The correlation between the FT values and the radiographic scores were analyzed using a Spearman test. RESULTS Three groups of LC or SC fillings containing epoxy resin-based sealers exhibited similar radiographic scores and FT values (P > .05). The group of SC fillings that contained zinc oxide-eugenol sealer had worse radiographic scores than the other groups (P = .047). The bidirectional radiographic scores and the FT values for the 80 filled roots were strongly correlated (r(2) = 0.519; P = .00001). CONCLUSION Root fillings of similar quality were confirmed in small and curved root canals filled using either a single cone or laterally compacted gutta-percha and epoxy resin-based sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kai Wu
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG. Long-term sealing ability of Resilon apical root-end fillings. Int Endod J 2009; 42:884-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Souza EM, Wu MK, van der Sluis LW, Leonardo RT, Bonetti-Filho I, Wesselink PR. Effect of filling technique and root canal area on the percentage of gutta-percha in laterally compacted root fillings. Int Endod J 2009; 42:719-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gomes-Filho JE, Hopp RN, Bernabé PFE, Nery MJ, Otoboni Filho JA, Dezan Júnior E. Evaluation of the apical infiltration after root canal disruption and obturation. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 16:345-9. [PMID: 19089232 PMCID: PMC4327601 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572008000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate two root canal filling techniques used in teeth that had their apical foramen disrupted and compare the apical infiltration with an ideal clinical situation. Twenty-seven freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were selected and radiographed to confirm the existence of a single and straight root canal. The crowns were removed at a mean distance of 11 mm from the apex. The teeth had the root canals instrumented and were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=9): ND group - root canals were filled using the lateral compaction technique and no disruption was performed; DRF group - the apical constriction was disrupted by advancing a #40 K-file 1 mm beyond the original working length, the canals were reinstrumented to create an apical ledge at 1 mm from the apical foramen and were obturated with a master gutta-percha cone with same size as the last file used for reinstrumentation; DF group - the teeth had the apical constriction disrupted and the canals were obturated with a master gutta-percha cone that fit at 1 mm from the apex. The teeth were submitted to dye leakage test with Rhodamine B for 7 days, using vaccum on the initial 5 min. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear fashion from apex to crown. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the groups that had the apical foramen disrupted (DF, DRF), but significant difference was found between the disrupted groups and the non-disrupted one (p<0.01). In conclusion, none of the evaluated techniques was able to prevent apical infiltration, so working length so the working length determination has to be established and maintained carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School of Araçatuba, State University of São Paulo, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Herbert J, Bruder M, Braunsteiner J, Altenburger MJ, Wrbas KT. Apical Quality and Adaptation of Resilon, EndoREZ, and Guttaflow Root Canal Fillings in Combination with a Noncompaction Technique. J Endod 2009; 35:261-4. [PMID: 19166786 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Revised: 10/26/2008] [Accepted: 11/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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A comparative evaluation of sealing ability of a new, self-etching, dual-curable sealer: Hybrid Root SEAL (MetaSEAL). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 106:e45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Revised: 07/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Souza EM, Wu MK, Shemesh H, Bonetti-Filho I, Wesselink PR. Comparability of results from two leakage models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 106:309-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bouillaguet S, Shaw L, Barthelemy J, Krejci I, Wataha JC. Long-term sealing ability of Pulp Canal Sealer, AH-Plus, GuttaFlow and Epiphany. Int Endod J 2008; 41:219-26. [PMID: 18005042 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Bouillaguet
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zmener O, Pameijer CH, Serrano SA, Vidueira M, Macchi RL. Significance of Moist Root Canal Dentin with the Use of Methacrylate-based Endodontic Sealers: An In Vitro Coronal Dye Leakage Study. J Endod 2008; 34:76-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shemesh H, van den Bos M, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Glucose penetration and fluid transport through coronal root structure and filled root canals. Int Endod J 2007; 40:866-72. [PMID: 17877722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To measure glucose penetration and fluid transport through coronal root structure and compare it with leakage along the coronal region of root fillings. METHODOLOGY A total of 50 single-rooted teeth were selected and divided into three groups. Ten roots were sectioned longitudinally and the apical portion was removed leaving a total length of 9 mm. These 20 half-roots served as group 1: root structure (n = 20). The canals of the remaining 40 roots were prepared to size 50 and filled with vertically compacted injectable filling material and sealer. Group 2: Resilon + Epiphany (n = 20) and group 3: gutta-percha + AH26 (n = 20). The apical portion of the root was removed. Glucose penetration through the coronal root structure and coronal root fillings was checked over a period of 4 weeks and fluid transport was measured after completion of the glucose penetration test. Differences between the groups were statistically analysed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS The three groups presented significantly different glucose penetration (P < 0.05). The two groups of filled canals showed significant glucose leakage whilst the root structure group did not show any leakage. In the fluid transport model, the root structure group also did not show any leakage. No significant difference in leakage existed between the two vertically compacted filling materials, Resilon with Epiphany sealer and gutta-percha with AH26 in both models (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Under the conditions of this study, in both models used, no leakage was observed through root structure. Filled canals were associated with penetration of glucose regardless of the material used.
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da Silva Neto UX, de Moraes IG, Westphalen VPD, Menezes R, Carneiro E, Fariniuk LF. Leakage of 4 resin-based root-canal sealers used with a single-cone technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 104:e53-7. [PMID: 17524682 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Revised: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to measure leakage of 4 resin-based sealers. STUDY DESIGN Four groups of premolars (n = 60) were prepared using GT Rotary files and the crown-down technique and filled by the single-cone technique with AH26, AHPlus, EndoREZ, and an experimental MBP as sealer. Leakage was measured using the fluid filtration method after 15, 30, and 60 days and determined as microL/min(-1) x 10 psi. RESULTS Statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test indicated that root fillings with AH Plus and the MBP showed lower leakage values after 15 days (P < .05). At 30 days, AH26 presented higher leakage values when compared to other sealers (P < .05). At 60 days, MBP and AH Plus presented the lower leakage values, differing significantly from EndoREZ (P < .05). CONCLUSION It was observed that AH Plus and the experimental MBP showed lower leakage after 60 days than AH 26 and EndoREZ.
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Shemesh H, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Leakage along apical root fillings with and without smear layer using two different leakage models: a two-month longitudinal ex vivo study. Int Endod J 2007; 39:968-76. [PMID: 17107542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare two different experimental models when measuring leakage along root fillings with or without smear layer. METHODOLOGY One hundred and twenty single-rooted teeth were prepared to size 50 and allocated to two groups: fluid transport model (n = 60) and glucose penetration model (n = 60). The roots in each group were divided into three subgroups of 20 teeth each. Smear layer was left in place in group 1 but removed in groups 2 and 3. In groups 1 and 2 canals were filled with laterally compacted gutta-percha cones and AH 26. Group 3 was laterally compacted with Resilon cones and Epiphany sealer. The coronal portion of the filling was removed to assure only 4 mm of filling remained in the canal. Leakage of glucose was evaluated by measuring its concentration once a week for a total period of 56 days using a glucose penetration model. Fluid transport was evaluated by measuring the movement of an air-bubble using a fluid transport model, 1 and 8 weeks after canal filling. Differences between the groups in glucose concentrations and fluid transport were statistically analysed with the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney tests. The level of significance was set at alpha = 0.05. RESULTS Glucose penetration was significantly different between the three groups after the first 8 days (P < 0.05). Resilon leaked the most throughout the experiment period. No significant difference (P > 0.05) existed between the two gutta-percha groups at all time intervals (Mann-Whitney test). In the fluid transportation model, no statistically significant differences were observed between all three experimental groups (P > 0.05) at either 1 or 8 weeks after filling (Kruskal-Wallis test). CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this study, the glucose penetration model was more sensitive in detecting leakage along root fillings. Removing the smear layer before filling did not improve the sealing of the apical 4 mm of filling. Resilon allowed more glucose penetration but the same amount of fluid transport as the gutta-percha root fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shemesh
- Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Monticelli F, Sword J, Martin RL, Schuster GS, Weller RN, Ferrari M, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Sealing properties of two contemporary single-cone obturation systems. Int Endod J 2007; 40:374-85. [PMID: 17326785 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the sealing of root canals filled with two single-cone obturation systems and a warm vertical compaction technique. METHODOLOGY Forty-two single-rooted teeth were decoronated to obtain 17-mm-long root segments. The root canals were cleaned and shaped to size 40, 0.06 taper and filled with: (i) warm vertical compaction with AH Plus (control); (ii) ActiV GP and (iii) GuttaFlow with single master cones. Leakage was evaluated by fluid filtration at 10 psi before root resection, and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 mm apical resections. Repeated measures anovas on ranks and Dunn's multiple comparison tests were performed to examine differences in fluid flow rates amongst different resection lengths for each filling technique. The surface and interior aspects of glass-ionomer filler-coated ActiV GP gutta-percha cones was evaluated with SEM. RESULTS No statistical difference amongst the filling techniques was seen at 0 and 3 mm root resections. ActiV GP and GuttaFlow exhibited more leakage than AH Plus at 6, 9 and 12 mm resections. AH Plus recorded the best overall results. A nonhomogeneous coating of glass-ionomer fillers on the surface of ActiV GP cones was detected. CONCLUSIONS The two single-cone techniques examined are as effective in sealing the apex as AH Plus when the latter was used with warm vertical compaction. It is further hypothesized that the inferior coronal seal of these single-cone techniques may be improved with the placement of accessory cones to reduce sealer thickness or an immediate coronal adhesive restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Monticelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Hörsted-Bindslev P, Andersen MA, Jensen MF, Nilsson JH, Wenzel A. Quality of Molar Root Canal Fillings Performed With the Lateral Compaction and the Single-Cone Technique. J Endod 2007; 33:468-71. [PMID: 17368341 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to compare the quality of root canal fillings performed with the single-cone and lateral compaction technique. Thirty-six canals in extracted molars were filled with ISO-standardized gutta-percha points, .02 taper, by using the lateral compaction technique; 38 were filled with one gutta-percha point, .04 taper, by using the single-cone technique. Each root canal was radiographed in the bucco-oral (BO) and the mesiodistal projection (MD). A root was sufficiently filled when three of four observers had assessed it so. There was no significant impact of the filling technique on the quality (logistic regression analysis, p > 0.4). There was a significant impact of the canal type, the mandibular distal canal having a higher chance for a sufficient root filling than the mandibular mesial canal in projection BO (p = .003), but both the mandibular distal (p = 0.001) and the maxillary palatal canals (p = 0.014) had a lower chance for a sufficient filling in projection MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preben Hörsted-Bindslev
- Department of Dental Pathology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Roggendorf MJ, Ebert J, Petschelt A, Frankenberger R. Influence of moisture on the apical seal of root canal fillings with five different types of sealer. J Endod 2006; 33:31-3. [PMID: 17185125 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of moisture on apical leakage using five different types of sealer. There were 120 single-rooted teeth instrumented to .02/#60 and randomly assigned to 10 experimental groups, one control group (AH Plus, lateral condensation) (n = 10) or positive/negative controls (n = 5). Before obturation teeth were dried thoroughly, followed by recontamination with moisture in a wet chamber (moist groups; 37 degrees C for 7 days). The teeth of the experimental groups (a, dry; b, moist) were obturated with sealer (groups 1, AH Plus; 2, Apexit; 3, Ketac-Endo; 4, RoekoSeal; 5, Tubli-Seal) and a single gutta-percha cone .02/#55. Teeth were centrifuged (30 x g for 3 minutes) in 5% methylene blue. Linear dye penetration was measured under a stereomicroscope. Moisture led to less microleakage for Apexit, RoekoSeal, and Tubli-Seal and higher values for AH Plus and Ketac-Endo. Multifactorial ANOVA displayed a significant dependence of leakage on sealer (p < 0.001) and the combination sealer or moisture (p < 0.01). It depends on the sealer type in which way moisture affects the apical seal.
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De Bruyne MAA, De Bruyne RJE, De Moor RJG. Long-term assessment of the seal provided by root-end filling materials in large cavities through capillary flow porometry. Int Endod J 2006; 39:493-501. [PMID: 16674745 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the long-term sealing ability of a variety of materials when used as root-end fillings. METHODOLOGY A total of 140 standardized horizontal bovine root sections (external diameter: 7 mm, height: 3 mm; internal diameter: 2.5 mm) were divided into seven groups, filled with either gutta-percha with AH26, Ketac Fil, Fuji IX, Tooth-Colored MTA, IRM, Ketac Fil with conditioner or Fuji IX with conditioner and submitted to capillary flow porometry at 1 and 6 months to assess minimum, mean flow and maximum pore diameters. Results of the different materials and results by material were analysed statistically using non-parametric tests; the level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the minimum pore diameters associated with the materials at each time. At 1 month the mean flow pore diameters of Ketac Fil were significantly larger than those of gutta-percha, Ketac Fil with conditioner, Fuji IX with conditioner and IRM. There were significant differences between the maximum pore diameters at 1 month (all>IRM; Fuji IX>gutta-percha, Ketac Fil with conditioner, Fuji IX with conditioner) and 6 months (Fuji IX>gutta-percha, IRM; Ketac Fil>gutta-percha, IRM). There were significant differences in the minimum pore diameters between the different points in time for each material except IRM, in the mean flow pore diameters for each material and in the maximum pore diameters for each material except MTA. CONCLUSIONS All materials were associated with capillary flow. IRM root-end fillings had through pores that were smaller than those associated with other materials. Conventionally setting glass-ionomer cements had the largest pores, although dentine conditioning improved their performance. The seal of all materials improved after 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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De Bruyne MAA, De Bruyne RJE, De Moor RJG. Capillary Flow Porometry to Assess the Seal Provided by Root-End Filling Materials in a Standardized and Reproducible Way. J Endod 2006; 32:206-9. [PMID: 16500227 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the root-end sealing ability of gutta-percha + AH26 (GP), Ketac-Fil, Fuji IX (FIX), tooth-colored MTA (MTA), IRM, Ketac-Fil + conditioner (Ketac-FilC), and Fuji IX + conditioner (FIXC). A total of 140 standardized bovine root sections were divided into seven groups, filled with the mentioned root-end filling materials, and, at 48 h, submitted to capillary flow porometry to assess minimum, mean flow and maximum pore diameters. Results were statistically analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Using the Kruskal-Wallis tests we found that there was no significant difference between the minimum pore diameters of the different materials, but significant differences between the mean flow (p < 0.001) and maximum (p < 0.001) pore diameters could be demonstrated. For the mean flow pore diameters, there was a significant difference between FIX and all other materials, between Ketac-Fil and IRM and between Ketac-FilC and IRM. Concerning maximum pore diameters, there was a significant difference between FIX and all other materials, between Ketac-Fil and MTA, GP and IRM, FIXC and IRM, and Ketac-FilC and IRM. The data showed that each sample had leaked. Glass ionomer cements leaked more than other materials, although dentin conditioning diminished the maximum through pore diameters. This maximum pore diameter, which corresponds to the largest leak in the sample, together with the size of bacteria and their metabolites, will be indicative of the eventual leakage along the root-end filling materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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Wu MK, van der Sluis LWM, Wesselink PR. A 1-year follow-up study on leakage of single-cone fillings with RoekoRSA sealer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 101:662-7. [PMID: 16632281 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Revised: 01/27/2005] [Accepted: 03/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to measure long-term leakage along single cone (SC) fillings. STUDY DESIGN Two groups of canines (n = 30) were prepared and a size 55 file was the apical master file. Step-back was performed using files of sizes 60, 70, and 80. The canals were filled by the single cone technique using RoekoRSA as sealer. To place sealer into each canal, a bidirectional spiral was used in 1 group, whereas a gutta-percha cone was used in the other group. Immediately after root filling, the coronal portion of root filling was removed by postspace preparation. Leakage along the 4 mm remaining apical root filling was measured after 1 week and again after 1 year using a fluid transport model. Ten additional canine roots were prepared and filled with gutta-percha cones without sealer, serving as positive controls. Occurrence of apical extrusion of materials was recorded. RESULTS The apical root filling in all 60 canine roots did not show leakage either at 1 week or at 1 year. All 10 positive controls showed gross leakage (>20 muL/h). In no case gutta-percha extruded through the apical foramen. Sealer extruded apically in 88% of the roots where a gutta-percha cone was used to introduce sealer, whereas in 28% of the roots where a bidirectional spiral was used to introduce sealer (by chi-square test, P < .05). CONCLUSION In wide and straight canals, SC fillings with RoekoRSA sealer prevented fluid transport for 1 year. Using bidirectional spiral to place sealer reduced sealer extrusion under the conditions of this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kai Wu
- Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Oruçoğlu H, Sengun A, Yilmaz N. Apical Leakage of Resin Based Root Canal Sealers with a New Computerized Fluid Filtration Meter. J Endod 2005; 31:886-90. [PMID: 16306824 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000164134.79052.b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this in vitro study, the apical leakage of three root-canal sealers: AH Plus, Diaket, and EndoREZ was evaluated using a new computerized fluid filtration meter. Forty-five extracted human premolar teeth with single root and canal were used. The coronal part of each tooth was removed and the root canals were prepared using GT Rotary files and crown-down technique. The roots were randomly divided into three groups of 15 samples, filled with one of the test materials and gutta-percha cones by the cold lateral condensation technique and were stored at 37 degrees C and 100% humidity for 7 days. One-week later, apical parts of roots of 10 +/- 0.05 mm were attached to computerized fluid filtration meter. Apical leakage quantity was determined as microl/cmH(2)O/min(-1). Statistical analysis indicated that root fillings with Diaket in combination with cold lateral condensation technique showed lower apical leakage than the others (p < 0.05). In addition, this new computerized fluid filtration meter allowed quantitative measurement of leakage easily. As it is a newly developed device to measure apical leakage of endodontic sealers, the reliability of it needed to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Oruçoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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Tay FR, Pashley DH, Yiu CKY, Yau JYY, Yiu-fai M, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, King NM. Susceptibility of a Polycaprolactone-Based Root Canal Filling Material to Degradation. II. Gravimetric Evaluation of Enzymatic Hydrolysis. J Endod 2005; 31:737-41. [PMID: 16186753 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000155225.40794.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone is susceptible to enzymatic biodegradation via ester bond cleavage. This study examined the susceptibility of Resilon, a polycaprolactone-based root filling material to enzymatic hydrolysis. Resilon, gutta-percha, and polycaprolactone disks, prepared by compression molding, were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline, lipase PS or cholesterol esterase at 37 degrees C for 96 h. They were retrieved at different time intervals for gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The materials exhibited slight weight gains when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline that can be attributed to water sorption. Gutta-percha showed similar weight gains in the two enzymes. Conversely, Resilon and polycaprolactone exhibited extensive surface thinning and weight losses after incubation in lipase PS and cholesterol esterase. Glass filler particles in Resilon were exposed following surface dissolution of the polymer matrix, creating rough surface topography. Biodegradation of Resilon by bacterial and salivary enzymes warrants further investigation of their activities using cultures of endodontically relevant microbes and human saliva extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin R Tay
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that AH Plus and Roeko Seal Automix (RSA) sealers alone are no less effective in preventing coronal microleakage than gutta-percha compacted with sealer. Freshly prepared sheep incisor root canals were obturated with warm gutta-percha alone, AHPlus or RSA alone, or warm gutta-percha with AH Plus or RSA (n = 20 each group). Coronal leakage was assessed under vacuum conditions with Indian ink and tooth clearing. Sealer-only backfills with AH Plus and RSA yielded significantly more dye-free canals than backfills of gutta-percha alone or with sealer (p < 0.001). Warm gutta-percha with or without sealer kept no more canals sealer free than the positive control. Mean dye penetration was 0.92% of canal length for AH Plus and RSA backfills, 27.42% for gutta-percha only backfills, 26.47% for gutta-percha with RSA and 13.92% for gutta-percha with AH Plus. Sealer only backfills allowed significantly less leakage than those including warm gutta-percha (p < 0.001). Sealer-only backfills may be a viable alternative to traditional gutta-percha and sealer compaction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Martin Whitworth
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
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De Bruyne MAA, De Bruyne RJE, Rosiers L, De Moor RJG. Longitudinal study on microleakage of three root-end filling materials by the fluid transport method and by capillary flow porometry. Int Endod J 2005; 38:129-36. [PMID: 15667635 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM (i) To compare the root-end sealing ability of IRM Caps (IRM), Fuji IX Capsules (Fuji IX) and Pro Root MTA Tooth-Coloured Formula (MTA) in teeth obtained from cadavers. (ii) Further research on leakage study methodology by means of comparison of the fluid transport method (FTM) and capillary flow porometry (CFP). METHODOLOGY Root canal treatment was performed on 33 cadaver teeth in situ 2 weeks prior to root resection and ultrasonic retropreparation (S12/90 degrees D-tip on Suni-Max), after which the teeth were retrieved from the cadavers. Two teeth were kept as positive and negative controls. The other teeth were divided in three different groups at random, with each group receiving one of the retrofill materials. Retrofills were exposed to water 5 min after placement. The teeth were stored at 37 degrees C for 12 h after which the root filling was removed. Microleakage (L in microL day(-1)) was measured for 24 h under a pressure of 1.2 atm using FTM and recorded as L = 0, 0 < L < or = 10, L > 10. The measurements were repeated after 1 and 6 months. After 6 months, leakage was also assessed by CFP in order to measure through pores and their diameters. Results were analysed statistically using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients between the results of both methods were calculated. The level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS (i) A statistically significant difference could be demonstrated between Fuji IX and IRM at 1 month with FTM. FTM revealed a significant difference between Fuji IX and the other materials at 6 months, whereas CFP did not. However, using both methods, Fuji IX showed the best result. (ii) When comparing both techniques, CFP demonstrated through pores in all teeth, whereas with FTM in only 14 of the 31 teeth could through pores be demonstrated. A positive correlation between both methods was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this study (i) the conventionally setting glass-ionomer cement Fuji IX showed the best results when used as a root-end material and (ii) CFP appeared to be a useful method for leakage evaluation of through pores in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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