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Chincha AAIA, Marone MP, Pia AKR, Freire L, Amorim-Neto DP, Carazzolle MF, Sant'Ana AS. Phenotypic, genotypic, and resistome of mesophilic spore-forming bacteria isolated from pasteurized liquid whole egg. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114215. [PMID: 38609213 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The production of whole-liquid eggs is of significant economic and nutritional importance. This study aimed to assess the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of mesophilic aerobic spore-forming bacteria (n = 200) isolated from pasteurized whole liquid egg and liquid egg yolk. The majority of the isolates were identified as belonging to the genera Bacillus (86 %), followed by Brevibacillus (10 %) and Lysinibacillus (4 %). For the phenotypic characterization, isolates were subjected to various heat shocks, with the most significant reductions observed at 80 °C/30 min and 90 °C/10 min for isolates recovered from raw materials. On the other hand, the decrease was similar for isolates recovered from raw material and final product at 100 °C/5 min and 110 °C/5 min. Genotypic genes related to heat resistance (cdnL, spoVAD, dacB, clpC, dnaK, and yitF/Tn1546) were examined for genotypic characterization. The dnaK gene showed a positive correlation with the highest thermal condition tested (110 °C/5 min), while 100 °C/5 min had the highest number of positively correlated genes (clpC, cdnL, yitF/Tn1546, and spoVAD). Whole Genome Sequencing of four strains revealed genes related to sporulation, structure formation, initiation and regulation, stress response, and DNA repair in vegetative cells. The findings of this study indicate that these mesophilic aerobic spore-forming bacteria may adopt several strategies to persist through the process and reach the final product. As the inactivation of these microorganisms during egg processing is challenging, preventing raw materials contamination and their establishment in processing premises must be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A I A Chincha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina P Marone
- Laboratory of Genomics and BioEnergy, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur K R Pia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luisa Freire
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dionisio P Amorim-Neto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Carazzolle
- Laboratory of Genomics and BioEnergy, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Center for Computing and Engineering Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Bressuire-Isoard C, Broussolle V, Carlin F. Sporulation environment influences spore properties in Bacillus: evidence and insights on underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:614-626. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Bressuire-Isoard
- UMR408 SQPOV “Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale”, INRA–Avignon Université, Centre de Recherche PACA, CS40509, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Véronique Broussolle
- UMR408 SQPOV “Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale”, INRA–Avignon Université, Centre de Recherche PACA, CS40509, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Frédéric Carlin
- UMR408 SQPOV “Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale”, INRA–Avignon Université, Centre de Recherche PACA, CS40509, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
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Abstract
Growth of microorganisms in environments containing CO2 above its critical point is unexpected due to a combination of deleterious effects, including cytoplasmic acidification and membrane destabilization. Thus, supercritical CO2 (scCO2) is generally regarded as a sterilizing agent. We report isolation of bacteria from three sites targeted for geologic carbon dioxide sequestration (GCS) that are capable of growth in pressurized bioreactors containing scCO2. Analysis of 16S rRNA genes from scCO2 enrichment cultures revealed microbial assemblages of varied complexity, including representatives of the genus Bacillus. Propagation of enrichment cultures under scCO2 headspace led to isolation of six strains corresponding to Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subterraneus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus safensis, and Bacillus megaterium. Isolates are spore-forming, facultative anaerobes and capable of germination and growth under an scCO2 headspace. In addition to these isolates, several Bacillus type strains grew under scCO2, suggesting that this may be a shared feature of spore-forming Bacillus spp. Our results provide direct evidence of microbial activity at the interface between scCO2 and an aqueous phase. Since microbial activity can influence the key mechanisms for permanent storage of sequestered CO2 (i.e., structural, residual, solubility, and mineral trapping), our work suggests that during GCS microorganisms may grow and catalyze biological reactions that influence the fate and transport of CO2 in the deep subsurface.
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Lee JY, Pajarillo EAB, Kim MJ, Chae JP, Kang DK. Proteomic and Transcriptional Analysis of Lactobacillus johnsonii PF01 during Bile Salt Exposure by iTRAQ Shotgun Proteomics and Quantitative RT-PCR. J Proteome Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300794y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Lee
- National
Instrumentation Center
for Environmental Management, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Animal Resources
Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714,
Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Pyo Chae
- Department of Animal Resources
Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714,
Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Resources
Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714,
Republic of Korea
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BALASUBRAMANIAN S, BALASUBRAMANIAM V. SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND pH ON INACTIVATION OF BACILLUS SUBTILISSPORES IN BUFFER AND MODEL FOOD SYSTEMS. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2008.00304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Scheldeman P, Herman L, Foster S, Heyndrickx M. Bacillus sporothermodurans and other highly heat-resistant spore formers in milk. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 101:542-55. [PMID: 16907805 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A recent example of a micro-organism causing undesired growth in consumer milk is Bacillus sporothermodurans producing highly heat-resistant spores (HRS) which may survive ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment or industrial sterilization. Molecular typing showed a heterogeneous group of farm isolates (non-HRS strains), but a clonal group of UHT isolates from diverse European countries and other continents (HRS-clone) suggesting a common source. During a survey of Belgian dairy farms for the presence of potentially highly heat-resistant spore formers, high numbers of these spores were detected in filter cloth, green crop and fodder samples. The strain collection showed a high taxonomic diversity with 18 potentially new species and with Bacillus licheniformis and Geobacillus pallidus as predominating species overall. Seventeen B. sporothermodurans isolates were identified, mainly originating from feed concentrate. Heat resistance studies showed the UHT resistance of B. sporothermodurans spores present in industrially contaminated UHT milk, but a lower heat resistance of laboratory-grown strains (HRS and non-HRS). Hydrogen peroxide, used as sanitizer in the dairy industry, was found to induce higher heat resistance of laboratory-grown B. sporothermodurans strains to a certain level. This indicates that sublethal stress conditions may affect the heat resistance. By transmission electron microscopy, structural differences at the spore level were found between HRS and non-HRS strains. The data indicate that the attainment of extreme heat resistance is rather multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Scheldeman
- Department for Animal Product Quality, Center for Agricultural Research, Ministry of the Flemish Community, Melle, Belgium
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Huang CM, Elmets CA, Tang DCC, Li F, Yusuf N. Proteomics reveals that proteins expressed during the early stage of Bacillus anthracis infection are potential targets for the development of vaccines and drugs. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2005; 2:143-51. [PMID: 15862115 PMCID: PMC5172467 DOI: 10.1016/s1672-0229(04)02020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we advance a new concept in developing vaccines and/or drugs to target specific proteins expressed during the early stage of Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) infection and address existing challenges to this concept. Three proteins (immune inhibitor A, GPR-like spore protease, and alanine racemase) initially identified by proteomics in our laboratory were found to have differential expressions during anthrax spore germination and early outgrowth. Other studies of different bacillus strains indicate that these three proteins are involved in either germination or cytotoxicity of spores, suggesting that they may serve as potential targets for the design of anti-anthrax vaccines and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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