Magdesian KG. Alloimmune Conditions in the Neonatal Foal.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2024;
40:189-206. [PMID:
38852013 DOI:
10.1016/j.cveq.2024.05.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alloimmune disorders occur in foals when pregnant mares produce antibodies against antigens on the foal's cells or tissues, and concentrate them within colostrum. Once foals nurse and absorb colostral antibodies, they can develop hematologic or cutaneous manifestations that can occur individually or in combination. These include neonatal isoerythrolysis, a hemolytic anemia directed against factors on the foal's erythrocytes, alloimmune thrombocytopenia when the antibodies are directed against platelet antigens, alloimmune neutropenia when they are directed against neutrophil antigens, and a combination of suspected alloimmune ulcerative dermatitis, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Foals can also develop neutrophilic dermatitis which is suspected to be alloimmune.
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