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Polli JR, Chen P, Bordeau BM, Balthasar JP. Targeted Delivery of Endosomal Escape Peptides to Enhance Immunotoxin Potency and Anti-cancer Efficacy. AAPS J 2022; 24:47. [PMID: 35338415 PMCID: PMC9044403 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-022-00698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes use of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibodies (10H6, T84.66) for targeted delivery of an endosomal escape peptide (H6CM18) and gelonin, a type I ribosome inactivating protein. The viability of colorectal cancer cells (LS174T, LoVo) was assessed following treatment with gelonin or gelonin immunotoxins, with or without co-treatment with T84.66-H6CM18. Fluorescent microscopy was used to visualize the escape of immunoconjugates from endosomes of treated cells, and efficacy and toxicity were assessed in vivo in xenograft tumor-bearing mice following single- and multiple-dose regimens. Application of 25 pM T84.66-H6CM18 combined with T84.66-gelonin increased gelonin potency by ~ 1,000-fold and by ~ 6,000-fold in LS174T and LoVo cells. Intravenous 10H6-gelonin at 1.0 mg/kg was well tolerated by LS174T tumor-bearing mice, while 10 and 25 mg/kg doses led to signs of toxicity. Single-dose administration of PBS, gelonin conjugated to T84.66 or 10H6, T84.66-H6CM18, or gelonin immunotoxins co-administered with T84.66-H6CM18 were evaluated. The combinations of T84.66-gelonin + 1.0 mg/kg T84.66-H6CM18 and 10H6-gelonin + 0.1 mg/kg T84.66-H6CM18 led to significant delays in LS174T growth. Use of a multiple-dose regimen allowed further anti-tumor effects, significantly extending median survival time by 33% and by 69%, for mice receiving 1 mg/kg 10H6-gelonin + 0.1 mg/kg T84.66-H6CM18 (p = 0.0072) and 1 mg/kg 10H6-gelonin + 1 mg/kg T84.66-H6CM18 (p = 0.0017). Combined administration of gelonin immunoconjugates with antibody-targeted endosomal escape peptides increased the delivery of gelonin to the cytoplasm of targeted cells, increased gelonin cell killing in vitro by 1,000-6,000 fold, and significantly increased in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ryan Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14214, USA
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14214, USA
| | - Brandon M Bordeau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14214, USA
| | - Joseph P Balthasar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14214, USA.
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2
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Ahmad A, Rilla K, Zou J, Zhang W, Pyykkö I, Kinnunen P, Ranjan S. Enhanced gene expression by a novel designed leucine zipper endosomolytic peptide. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120556. [PMID: 33798688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An endosomal trap is a major barrier in gene therapy. We have designed an endosomolytic peptide based on the leucine zipper sequence and characterized it both structurally and functionally. The results illustrated that leucine zipper endosomolytic peptide (LZEP) exhibited appreciable hemolysis of human red blood cells (hRBCs) at pH 5.0, but negligible hemolysis at pH 7.4. Calcein release experiment indicated that only at pH 5.0 but not at pH 7.4, LZEP was able to permeabilize hRBCs. LZEP revealed significant self-assembly as well as peptide induced α-helical structure at pH 5.0. Unlike at pH 5.0, LZEP failed to self-assemble and showed a random coil structure at pH 7.4. Transfection data depicted that lipoplexes modified with LZEP resulted in significantly higher gene expression as compared to lipoplexes without LZEP. Interestingly, the transfection efficacy of LZEP modified lipid nanoparticles reached the levels of Lipofectamine 2000 (LF 2000), without any cellular toxicity as observed by MTT assay. The results suggest a novel approach for designing endosomolytic peptides by employing the leucine zipper sequence and simultaneously the designed peptides could be utilized for enhancing gene delivery into mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel Ahmad
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Sciences, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jing Zou
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weikai Zhang
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ilmari Pyykkö
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paavo Kinnunen
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Sciences, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sanjeev Ranjan
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Sciences, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Strategies in the design of endosomolytic agents for facilitating endosomal escape in nanoparticles. Biochimie 2019; 160:61-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ngambenjawong C, Sylvestre M, Gustafson HH, Pineda JMB, Pun SH. Reversibly Switchable, pH-Dependent Peptide Ligand Binding via 3,5-Diiodotyrosine Substitutions. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:995-1002. [PMID: 29481044 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell type-specific targeting ligands utilized in drug delivery applications typically recognize receptors that are overexpressed on the cells of interest. Nonetheless, these receptors may also be expressed, to varying extents, on off-target cells, contributing to unintended side effects. For the selectivity profile of targeting ligands in cancer therapy to be improved, stimuli-responsive masking of these ligands with acid-, redox-, or enzyme-cleavable molecules has been reported, whereby the targeting ligands are exposed in specific environments, e.g., acidic tumor hypoxia. One possible drawback of these systems lies in their one-time, permanent trigger, which enables the "demasked" ligands to bind off-target cells if released back into the systemic circulation. A promising strategy to address the aforementioned problem is to design ligands that show selective binding based on ionization state, which may be microenvironment-dependent. In this study, we report a systematic strategy to engineer low pH-selective targeting peptides using an M2 macrophage-targeting peptide (M2pep) as an example. 3,5-Diiodotyrosine mutagenesis into native tyrosine residues of M2pep confers pH-dependent binding behavior specific to acidic environment (pH 6) when the amino acid is protonated into the native tyrosine-like state. At physiological pH of 7.4, the hydroxyl group of 3,5-diiodotyrosine on the peptide is deprotonated leading to interruption of the peptide native binding property. Our engineered pH-responsive M2pep (Ac-Y-Î-Î) binds target M2 macrophages more selectively at pH 6 than at pH 7.4. In addition, 3,5-diiodotyrosine substitutions also improve serum stability of the peptide. Finally, we demonstrate pH-dependent reversibility in target binding via a postbinding peptide elution study. The strategy presented here should be applicable for engineering pH-dependent functionality of other targeting peptides with potential applications in physiology-dependent in vivo targeting applications (e.g., targeting hypoxic tumor/inflammation) or in in vitro receptor identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanon Ngambenjawong
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Meilyn Sylvestre
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Heather H. Gustafson
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Julio Marco B. Pineda
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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5
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Qian Y, Wang W, Wang Z, Han Q, Jia X, Yang S, Hu Z. Switchable probes: pH-triggered and VEGFR2 targeted peptides screening through imprinting microarray. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5690-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01302c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we use an integrated imprinted microarray to screen out a switchable peptide probe, STP, with a novel sequence towards VEGFR2 in mild acidic conditions. In addition, STP has the characteristic of penetrating into cells in the presence of protons because its formation of an α-helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Qian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science
| | - Weizhi Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Zihua Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Qiuju Han
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Pharmacy College
| | - Xiangqian Jia
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Pharmacy College
| | - Shu Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
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Abstract
Here we present a "smart" xenon-129 NMR biosensor that undergoes a peptide conformational change and labels cells in acidic environments. To a cryptophane host molecule with high Xe affinity, we conjugated a 30mer EALA-repeat peptide that is α-helical at pH 5.5 and disordered at pH 7.5. The (129)Xe NMR chemical shift at room temperature was strongly pH-dependent (Δδ = 3.4 ppm): δ = 64.2 ppm at pH 7.5 vs δ = 67.6 ppm at pH 5.5, where Trp(peptide)-cryptophane interactions were evidenced by Trp fluorescence quenching. Using hyper-CEST NMR, we probed peptidocryptophane detection limits at low-picomolar (10(-11) M) concentration, which compares favorably to other NMR pH reporters at 10(-2)-10(-3) M. Finally, in biosensor-HeLa cell solutions, peptide-cell membrane insertion at pH 5.5 generated a 13.4 ppm downfield cryptophane-(129)Xe NMR chemical shift relative to pH 7.5 studies. This highlights new uses for (129)Xe as an ultrasensitive probe of peptide structure and function, along with potential applications for pH-dependent cell labeling in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A. Riggle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ivan J. Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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Lead screening for CXCR4 of the human HIV infection receptor inhibited by traditional Chinese medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:809816. [PMID: 24999477 PMCID: PMC4066726 DOI: 10.1155/2014/809816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a serious worldwide disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Recent research has pointed out that the G protein-coupled chemokine receptor CXCR4 and the coreceptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) are important targets for HIV infection. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) database has been screened for candidate compounds by simulating molecular docking and molecular dynamics against HIV. Saussureamine C, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, and diiodotyrosine are selected based on the highest docking score. The molecular dynamics is helpful in the analysis and detection of protein-ligand interactions. According to the analysis of docking poses, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bond variations, and the comparison of the effect on CXCR4 and CCR5, these results indicate Saussureamine C may have better effect on these two receptors. But for some considerations, diiodotyrosine could make the largest variation and may have some efficacy contrary to expectations.
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Kuo HT, Yang PA, Wang WR, Hsu HC, Wu CH, Ting YT, Weng MH, Kuo LH, Cheng RP. Effect of side chain length on intrahelical interactions between carboxylate- and guanidinium-containing amino acids. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1867-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Cheng RP, Wang WR, Girinath P, Yang PA, Ahmad R, Li JH, Hart P, Kokona B, Fairman R, Kilpatrick C, Argiros A. Effect of Glutamate Side Chain Length on Intrahelical Glutamate–Lysine Ion Pairing Interactions. Biochemistry 2012; 51:7157-72. [DOI: 10.1021/bi300655z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard P. Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ren Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Prashant Girinath
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Po-An Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Raheel Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jhe-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pier Hart
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, United
States
| | - Bashkim Kokona
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, United
States
| | - Robert Fairman
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, United
States
| | - Casey Kilpatrick
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Annmarie Argiros
- Department of Chemistry, University
at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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CHEN J, WANG H, XU X, CHEN W, ZHANG X. PEPTIDES AND POLYPEPTIDES FOR GENE AND DRUG DELIVERY. ACTA POLYM SIN 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2011.11100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Choi SH, Choi K, Chan Kwon I, Ahn HJ. The incorporation of GALA peptide into a protein cage for an acid-inducible molecular switch. Biomaterials 2010; 31:5191-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Aluri S, Janib SM, Mackay JA. Environmentally responsive peptides as anticancer drug carriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:940-52. [PMID: 19628014 PMCID: PMC2757494 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment provides multiple cues that may be exploited to improve the efficacy of established chemotherapeutics; furthermore, polypeptides are uniquely situated to capitalize on these signals. Peptides provide: 1) a rich repertoire of biologically specific interactions to draw upon; 2) environmentally responsive phase behaviors, which may be tuned to respond to signatures of disease; 3) opportunities to direct self-assembly; 4) control over routes of biodegradation; 5) the option to seamlessly combine functionalities into a single polymer via a one-step biosynthesis. As development of cancer-targeted nanocarriers expands, peptides provide a unique source of functional units that may target disease. This review explores potential microenvironmental physiology indicative of tumors and peptides that have demonstrated an ability to target and deliver to these signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaas Aluri
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033-9121, USA
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Hansen M, Ruizendaal L, Löwik D, van Hest J. Switchable peptides. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2009; 6:e1-e40. [PMID: 24128990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Longmuir KJ, Robertson RT, Haynes SM, Baratta JL, Waring AJ. Effective targeting of liposomes to liver and hepatocytes in vivo by incorporation of a Plasmodium amino acid sequence. Pharm Res 2006; 23:759-69. [PMID: 16550476 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-006-9609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several species of the protozoan Plasmodium effectively target mammalian liver during the initial phase of host invasion. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that a Plasmodium targeting amino acid sequence can be engineered into therapeutic nanoparticle delivery systems. METHODS A 19-amino peptide from the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium berghei was prepared containing the conserved region I as well as a consensus heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding sequence. This peptide was attached to the distal end of a lipid-polyethylene glycol bioconjugate. The bioconjugate was incorporated into phosphatidylcholine liposomes containing fluorescently labeled lipids to follow blood clearance and organ distribution in vivo. RESULTS When administered intravenously into mice, the peptide-containing liposomes were rapidly cleared from the circulation and were recovered almost entirely in the liver. Fluorescence and electron microscopy demonstrated that the liposomes were accumulated both by nonparenchymal cells and hepatocytes, with the majority of the liposomal material associated with hepatocytes. Accumulation of liposomes in the liver was several hundredfold higher compared to heart, lung, and kidney, and more than 10-fold higher compared to spleen. In liver slice experiments, liposome binding was specific to sites sensitive to heparinase. CONCLUSIONS Incorporation of amino acid sequences that recognize glycosaminoglycans is an effective strategy for the development of targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Longmuir
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
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