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Li S, Li Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang Q, Jin L, Zhang D. Therapeutic Peptides for Treatment of Lung Diseases: Infection, Fibrosis, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108642. [PMID: 37239989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Various lung diseases endanger people's health. Side effects and pharmaceutical resistance complicate the treatment of acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer, necessitating the development of novel treatments. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to serve as a viable alternative to conventional antibiotics. These peptides exhibit a broad antibacterial activity spectrum as well as immunomodulatory properties. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic peptides including AMPs had remarkable impacts on animal and cell models of acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The purpose of this paper is to outline the potential curative effects and mechanisms of peptides in the three types of lung diseases mentioned above, which may be used as a therapeutic strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lili Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Dianbao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Huang CY, Huang HY, Forrest MD, Pan YR, Wu WJ, Chen HM. Inhibition effect of a custom peptide on lung tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109174. [PMID: 25310698 PMCID: PMC4195615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cecropin B is a natural antimicrobial peptide and CB1a is a custom, engineered modification of it. In vitro, CB1a can kill lung cancer cells at concentrations that do not kill normal lung cells. Furthermore, in vitro, CB1a can disrupt cancer cells from adhering together to form tumor-like spheroids. Mice were xenografted with human lung cancer cells; CB1a could significantly inhibit the growth of tumors in this in vivo model. Docetaxel is a drug in present clinical use against lung cancers; it can have serious side effects because its toxicity is not sufficiently limited to cancer cells. In our studies in mice: CB1a is more toxic to cancer cells than docetaxel, but dramatically less toxic to healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Huang
- Nano Biomedical Group, National Nano Device Laboratories, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Huang
- Nano Biomedical Group, National Nano Device Laboratories, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Michael D. Forrest
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Ru Pan
- Nano Biomedical Group, National Nano Device Laboratories, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Wu
- Nano Biomedical Group, National Nano Device Laboratories, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hueih-Min Chen
- Nano Biomedical Group, National Nano Device Laboratories, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Efimova SS, Schagina LV, Ostroumova OS. Channel-forming activity of cecropins in lipid bilayers: effect of agents modifying the membrane dipole potential. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:7884-92. [PMID: 24969512 DOI: 10.1021/la501549v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cecropin A (CecA) and cecropin B (CecB) added to one side of a bilayer formed from equimolar mixtures of DOPS and DOPE, DPhPS and DPhPE, or DOPS, DOPE, and Chol leads to the formation of well-defined and well-reproducible ion channels of different conductance levels while cecropin P1 (CecP1) does not induce pore formation at micromolar concentrations. We found three populations of CecA channels: pores with weak cationic selectivity, pores with weak anionic selectivity, and pores that were nonselective. The dipole modifiers, flavonoids and styryl dyes, were used to modulate the channel-forming activity of CecA and CecB. The mean conductance of single CecA channels is affected by the influence of dipole modifiers on the lipid packing in the membrane. A decrease in the membrane dipole potential is accompanied by a decrease in the steady-state transmembrane current induced by CecA and CecB in cholesterol-free and cholesterol-containing bilayers. The observed changes in the channel-forming activity might be caused by an increase in the energy barrier for the interfacial accumulation of cecropin monomers. This finding indicates that the negative pole of the cecropin dipole is inserted into the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S Efimova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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Curtis KK, Sarantopoulos J, Northfelt DW, Weiss GJ, Barnhart KM, Whisnant JK, Leuschner C, Alila H, Borad MJ, Ramanathan RK. Novel LHRH-receptor-targeted cytolytic peptide, EP-100: first-in-human phase I study in patients with advanced LHRH-receptor-expressing solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 73:931-41. [PMID: 24610297 PMCID: PMC4000412 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To conduct a phase I study determining the safety, pharmacokinetics and preliminary efficacy of EP-100, a novel anticancer drug consisting of natural luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) ligand linked to a cationic membrane-disrupting peptide. Methods Patients with advanced, solid tumors, positive for LHRH receptor by immunohistochemistry (IHC), received EP-100 weekly or twice weekly for 3 of 4 weeks in a 28 day cycle. A modified Fibonacci 3 + 3 dose-escalation schema was used. Initial cohorts received EP-100 once weekly (cohorts 1–7, 0.6–7.8 mg/m2, n = 21). Later cohorts received doses twice weekly (cohorts 7–11, 7.8–40 mg/m2, n = 16). Results LHRH-receptor expression was confirmed by IHC in 52 of 89 consented patients; 37 patients received at least 1 dose. Cohorts receiving doses of 5.2 mg/m2 and above achieved therapeutic levels from in vitro studies Clearance was rapid (mean half-life 7.1 ± 3.8 to 15.9 ± 3.6 min). The maximum-tolerated dose was not reached at the highest dose evaluated (40 mg/m2 twice weekly). Grade 2 increase in alanine aminotransferase/serum aspartate aminotransferase in one patient resolved, did not recur upon re-treatment, and was not observed in other patients. The only drug-related adverse event was transient infusion-related dermatologic reactions (10 patients). No complete or partial tumor responses were observed; seven patients had stable disease of 16 weeks. Conclusions EP-100 was well tolerated in patients with advanced, LHRH-receptor-expressing solid tumors. The recommended phase 2 dose is 40 mg/m2 twice weekly for 3 of 4 weeks per cycle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00280-014-2424-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K Curtis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA,
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Langmuir–Blodgett Approach to Investigate Antimicrobial Peptide–Membrane Interactions. ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-418698-9.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Esfandyarpour R, Javanmard M, Koochak Z, Esfandyarpour H, Harris JS, Davis RW. Label-free electronic probing of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using the nanoneedle biosensor. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:44114. [PMID: 24404047 PMCID: PMC3751968 DOI: 10.1063/1.4817771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Detection of proteins and nucleic acids is dominantly performed using optical fluorescence based techniques, which are more costly and timely than electrical detection due to the need for expensive and bulky optical equipment and the process of fluorescent tagging. In this paper, we discuss our study of the electrical properties of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using a nanoelectronic probe we have developed, which we refer to as the Nanoneedle biosensor. The nanoneedle consists of four thin film layers: a conductive layer at the bottom acting as an electrode, an oxide layer on top, and another conductive layer on top of that, with a protective oxide above. The presence of proteins and nucleic acids near the tip results in a decrease in impedance across the sensing electrodes. There are three basic mechanisms behind the electrical response of DNA and protein molecules in solution under an applied alternating electrical field. The first change stems from modulation of the relative permittivity at the interface. The second mechanism is the formation and relaxation of the induced dipole moment. The third mechanism is the tunneling of electrons through the biomolecules. The results presented in this paper can be extended to develop low cost point-of-care diagnostic assays for the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Esfandyarpour
- Center for Integrated Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA ; Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - Mehdi Javanmard
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - Zahra Koochak
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Hesaam Esfandyarpour
- Center for Integrated Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - James S Harris
- Center for Integrated Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - Ronald W Davis
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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7
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Efficacy verification and microscopic observations of an anticancer peptide, CB1a, on single lung cancer cell. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2927-35. [PMID: 22846508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we introduce a new customized anti-lung cancer peptide, CB1a, with IC₅₀ of about 25.0 ± 1.6 μM on NCI-H460 lung cancer cells. Using a multi-cellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model, results show that CB1a is potent in preventing the growth of lung cancer tumor-like growths in vitro. Additionally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine cell surface damage of a single cancer. The mechanism for cell death under CB1a toxicity was verified as being largely due to cell surface damage. Moreover, with a treatment dosage of CB1a at 25 μM, Young's module (E) shows that the elasticity and stiffness of cancer cell decreased with time such that the interaction time for a 50% reduction of E (IT₅₀) was about 7.0min. This new single-cell toxicity investigation using IT₅₀ under AFM assay can be used to separately verify drug efficacy in support of the traditional IC₅₀ measurement in bulk solution. These results could be of special interest to researchers engaged in new drug development.
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New molecular rods — Characterization of their interaction with membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2781-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Pardaxin permeabilizes vesicles more efficiently by pore formation than by disruption. Biophys J 2010; 98:576-85. [PMID: 20159154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 08/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pardaxin is a 33-amino-acid neurotoxin from the Red Sea Moses sole Pardachirus marmoratus, whose mode of action shows remarkable sensitivity to lipid chain length and charge, although the effect of pH is unclear. Here we combine optical spectroscopy and dye release experiments with laser scanning confocal microscopy and natural abundance (13)C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance to provide a more complete picture of how pardaxin interacts with lipids. The kinetics and efficiency of release of entrapped calcein is highly sensitive to pH. In vesicles containing zwitterionic lipids (PC), release occurs most rapidly at low pH, whereas in vesicles containing 20% anionic lipid (PG), release occurs most rapidly at high pH. Pardaxin forms stable or transient pores in PC vesicles that allow release of contents without loss of vesicle integrity, whereas the inclusion of PG promotes total vesicle collapse. In agreement with this, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance reveals that pardaxin takes up a trans-membrane orientation in 14-O-PC/6-O-PC bicelles, whereas the inclusion of 14-0-PG restricts it to contacts with lipid headgroups, promoting membrane lysis. Pore formation in zwitterionic vesicles is more efficient than lysis of anionic vesicles, suggesting that electrostatic interactions may trap pardaxin in several suboptimal interconverting conformations on the membrane surface.
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Salnikov ES, Mason AJ, Bechinger B. Membrane order perturbation in the presence of antimicrobial peptides by 2H solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Biochimie 2009; 91:734-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wu JM, Jan PS, Yu HC, Haung HY, Fang HJ, Chang YI, Cheng JW, Chen HM. Structure and function of a custom anticancer peptide, CB1a. Peptides 2009; 30:839-48. [PMID: 19428759 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Several natural antimicrobial peptides including cecropins, magainins and melittins have been found to kill cancer cells. However, their efficacy may not be adequate for their development as anticancer agents. In this study, we used a natural antimicrobial peptide, cecropin B (CB), as a template to generate a novel anticancer peptide. Cecropin B is an amphipathic and polycationic peptide derived from the hemolymph of Hyalophora cecropia with well-known antimicrobial and cytolytic properties. The signature pattern of cecropins is W-x-(0,2)-[KDN]-x-{L}-K-[KRE]-[LI]-E-[RKN] (PROSITE: PS00268), and this signature sequence is located at N-terminus of CB. CB1a was constructed by repeating the N-terminal ten amino acids of CB three times and including a hinge near C-terminus. The circular dichroism spectra showed that CB1a is unstructured in aqueous solution, but adopt a helical conformation in membrane-like environment. The solution structure of CB1a in a polar solvent was also studied by NMR. CB1a formed a helix-hinge-helix in 20% HFIP solution, and it was found the bent angle between two helical segments was induced ranging from 60 degrees to 110 degrees . A heparin-binding motif is located in the central part of helix 1. Isothermal titration calorimetry reveals the association constant of CB1a bound to low molecular weight heparin is 1.66 x 10(5)M(-1) at physiological ionic strength at 25 degrees C. Binding of CB1a to heparin produces a large conformational change toward a more structural state. CB1a demonstrated promising activity against several cancer cells but low toxicity against non-cancer cells. The IC(50) of CB1a on leukemia and stomach carcinoma cells were in the range of 2-8-fold lower than those of CB. Besides, CB1a exhibited low hemolytic activity against human red blood cells. Due to these properties, CB1a has the potential to become a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Ming Wu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Characterization of antimicrobial peptide activity by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:2430-6. [PMID: 18657512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy performed on surface-supported bilayer membranes allows for the monitoring of changes in membrane properties, such as thickness, ion permeability, and homogeneity, after exposure to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We show that two model cationic peptides, very similar in sequence but different in activity, induce dramatically different changes in membrane properties as probed by impedance spectroscopy. Moreover, the impedance results excluded the "barrel-stave" and the "toroidal pore" models of AMP mode of action, and are more consistent with the "carpet" and the "detergent" models. The impedance data provide important new insights about the kinetics and the scale of the peptide action which currently are not addressed by the "carpet" and the "detergent" models. The method presented not only provides additional information about the mode of action of a particular AMP, but offers a means of characterizing AMP activity in reproducible, well-defined quantitative terms.
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Nandel FS, Saini A. Conformational Study of Short Peptoid Models for Future Applications as Potent Antimicrobial Compounds. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200600080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vedovato N, Rispoli G. A novel technique to study pore-forming peptides in a natural membrane. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2007; 36:771-8. [PMID: 17701240 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-007-0152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Revised: 02/10/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The biophysical characteristics and the pore formation dynamics of synthetic or naturally occurring peptides forming membrane-spanning channels were investigated by using isolated photoreceptor rod outer segments (OS) recorded in whole-cell configuration. Once blocking the two OS endogenous conductances (the cGMP channels by light and the Na(+):Ca(2+),K(+) exchanger by removing one of the transported ion species from both sides of the membrane, i.e. K(+), Na(+) or Ca(2+)), the OS membrane resistance (R ( m )) was typically larger than 1 GOmega in the presence of 1 mM external Ca(2+). Therefore, any exogenous current could be studied down to the single channel level. The peptides were applied to (and removed from) the extracellular OS side in approximately 50 ms with a computer-controlled microperfusion system, in which every perfusion parameter, as the rate of solution flow, the temporal sequence of solution changes or the number of automatic, self-washing cycles were controlled by a user-friendly interface. This technique was then used to determine the biophysical properties and the pore formation dynamics of antibiotic peptaibols, as the native alamethicin mixture, the synthesized major component of the neutral fraction (F50/5) of alamethicin, and the synthetic trichogin GA IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Vedovato
- CNISM, Dipartimento di Biologia ed Evoluzione, Sezione di Fisiologia e Biofisica and Centro di Neuroscienze, Università di Ferrara, via Borsari 46, Ferrara, Italy
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15
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Prates MV, Sforça ML, Regis WCB, Leite JRSA, Silva LP, Pertinhez TA, Araújo ALT, Azevedo RB, Spisni A, Bloch C. The NMR-derived solution structure of a new cationic antimicrobial peptide from the skin secretion of the anuran Hyla punctata. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:13018-26. [PMID: 14715660 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310838200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretions constitute an important source of molecules for antimicrobial drug research in order to combat the increasing resistance of pathogens to conventional antibiotics. Among the various types of substances secreted by the dermal granular amphibian glands, there is a wide range of peptides and proteins, often displaying potent antimicrobial activities and providing an effective defense system against parasite infection. In the present work, we report the NMR solution structure and the biological activity of a cationic 14-residue amphiphilic alpha-helical polypeptide named Hylaseptin P1 (HSP1), isolated from the skin secretion of the hylid frog Hyla punctata. The peptide antimicrobial activity was verified against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas no significant lytic effect was detected toward red or white blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura V Prates
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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Bhargava K, Feix JB. Membrane binding, structure, and localization of cecropin-mellitin hybrid peptides: a site-directed spin-labeling study. Biophys J 2004; 86:329-36. [PMID: 14695274 PMCID: PMC1303797 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(04)74108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2003] [Accepted: 09/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of antimicrobial peptides with membranes is a key factor in determining their biological activity. In this study we have synthesized a series of minimized cecropin-mellitin hybrid peptides each containing a single cysteine residue, modified the cysteine with the sulfhydryl-specific methanethiosulfonate spin-label, and used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure membrane-binding affinities and determine the orientation and localization of peptides bound to membranes that mimic the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. All of the peptides were unstructured in aqueous solution but underwent a significant conformational change upon membrane binding that diminished the rotational mobility of the attached spin-label. Apparent partition coefficients were similar for five of the six constructs examined, indicating that location of the spin-label had little effect on peptide binding as long as the attachment site was in the relatively hydrophobic C-terminal domain. Depth measurements based on accessibility of the spin-labeled sites to oxygen and nickel ethylenediaminediacetate indicated that at high lipid/peptide ratios these peptides form a single alpha-helix, with the helical axis aligned parallel to the bilayer surface and immersed approximately 5 A below the membrane-aqueous interface. Such a localization would provide exposure of charged/polar residues on the hydrophilic face of the amphipathic helix to the aqueous phase, and allow the nonpolar residues along the opposite face of the helix to remain immersed in the hydrophobic phase of the bilayer. These results are discussed with respect to the mechanism of membrane disruption by antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Bhargava
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53326, USA
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17
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Chen HM, Chan SC, Lee JC, Chang CC, Murugan M, Jack RW. Transmission electron microscopic observations of membrane effects of antibiotic cecropin B on Escherichia coli. Microsc Res Tech 2003; 62:423-30. [PMID: 14601148 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.10406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The pathway of cell membrane lysis by the peptide antibiotic cecropin B (CB), which contains both a hydrophobic and an amphipathic alpha-helix, was analysed by assessing the morphological changes of Escherichia coli following treatment with the peptide. Exposure of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing E. coli to CB does not lead to an efflux of GFP. Moreover, transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination of cecropin B-treated cells showed that severe swelling precedes cell death and that the outer membrane becomes distended away from the plasma membrane. Using immuno-gold staining and TEM of E. coli expressing the maltose-binding protein in the cytoplasm, it was apparent that the protein remains restricted to the cytoplasmic compartment. These observations suggest that CB causes gross disruption of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Circular dichroism measurements of CB in the presence of cell membrane-mimicking liposomes showed that CB forms secondary structure dependent on the ratio of [lipid]/[peptide]. These observations from this study are important for the future design of custom antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueih Min Chen
- Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115
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18
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Hall K, Mozsolits H, Aguilar MI. Surface plasmon resonance analysis of antimicrobial peptide–membrane interactions: affinity & mechanism of action. Int J Pept Res Ther 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-004-2407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Hall K, Mozsolits H, Aguilar MI. Surface plasmon resonance analysis of antimicrobial peptide-membrane interactions: affinity & mechanism of action. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02442579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mozsolits H, Aguilar MI. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy: an emerging tool for the study of peptide-membrane interactions. Biopolymers 2003; 66:3-18. [PMID: 12228917 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between peptides and membranes mediate a wide variety of biological processes, and characterization of the molecular details of these interactions is central to our understanding of cellular events such as protein trafficking, cellular signaling and ion-channel formation. A wide variety of biophysical techniques have been combined with the use of model membrane systems to study peptide-membrane interactions, and have provided important information on the relationship between membrane-active peptide structure and their biological function. However, what has generally not been reported is a detailed analysis of the affinity of peptide for different membrane systems, which has largely been due to the difficulty in obtaining this information. To address this issue, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy has recently been applied to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes. This article provides an overview of these recent applications that demonstrate the potential of SPR to enhance our molecular understanding of membrane-mediated peptide function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Mozsolits
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Chen HM, Leung KW, Thakur NN, Tan A, Jack RW. Distinguishing between different pathways of bilayer disruption by the related antimicrobial peptides cecropin B, B1 and B3. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2003; 270:911-20. [PMID: 12603324 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03451.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Different pathways of bilayer disruption by the structurally related antimicrobial peptides cecropin B, B1 and B3, revealed by surface plasma resonance analysis of immobilized liposomes, differential scanning calorimetry of peptide-large unilamellar vesicle interactions, and light microscopic analysis of peptide-treated giant unilamellar vesicles, have been identified in this study. Natural cecropin B (CB) has one amphipathic and one hydrophobic alpha-helix, whereas cecropins B1 (CB1) and B3 (CB3), which are custom-designed, chimaeric analogues of CB, possess either two amphipathic or two hydrophobic alpha-helices, respectively. Surface plasma resonance analysis of unilamellar vesicles immobilized through a biotin-avidin interaction showed that both CB and CB1 bind to the lipid bilayers at high concentration (>10 microm); in contrast, CB3 induces disintegration of the vesicles at all concentrations tested. Differential scanning calorimetry showed the concentration-dependent effect of bilayer disruption, based on the different thermotrophic phase behaviours and the shapes of the thermal phase-transition curves obtained. The kinetics of the lysis of giant unilamellar vesicles observed by microscopy demonstrated that both CB and CB1 effect a continuous process involving loss of integrity followed by coalescence and resolution into smaller vesicles, whereas CB3 induces rapid formation of irregular-shaped, nonlamellar structures which rapidly disintegrate into twisted, microtubule-containing debris before being completely destroyed. On the basis of these observations, models by which CB, CB1 and CB3 induce lysis of lipid bilayers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueih Min Chen
- Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115.
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Abstract
We have assembled references of 700 articles published in 2001 that describe work performed using commercially available optical biosensors. To illustrate the technology's diversity, the citation list is divided into reviews, methods and specific applications, as well as instrument type. We noted marked improvements in the utilization of biosensors and the presentation of kinetic data over previous years. These advances reflect a maturing of the technology, which has become a standard method for characterizing biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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Abstract
Optical biosensors that exploit surface plasmon resonance, waveguides and resonant mirrors have been used widely over the past decade to analyse biomolecular interactions. These sensors allow the determination of the affinity and kinetics of a wide variety of molecular interactions in real time, without the need for a molecular tag or label. Advances in instrumentation and experimental design have led to the increasing application of optical biosensors in many areas of drug discovery, including target identification, ligand fishing, assay development, lead selection, early ADME and manufacturing quality control. This article reviews important advances in optical-biosensor instrumentation and applications, and also highlights some exciting developments, such as highly multiplexed optical-biosensor arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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