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Suzuki S, Bandoh N, Goto T, Kubota A, Uemura A, Kono M, Sato R, Takeda R, Sakaue S, Yamaguchi-Isochi T, Nishihara H, Takei H, Harabuchi Y. A retrospective study of parotid gland tumors at a single institution. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:207. [PMID: 35720490 PMCID: PMC9178697 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics, surgical treatments and clinical outcome of patients with parotid gland tumors and to compare the results with those cited in the literature. A retrospective study was conducted in 140 patients (male, n=77; female, n=63) with parotid gland tumors who underwent parotidectomy at Hokuto Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Obihiro, Japan) between April 2007 and December 2021. Of the 140 patients enrolled, 118 (84.3%) patients had benign tumors, including 63 (45%) patients with pleomorphic adenomas and 43 (30.7%) patients with Warthin tumors, and 22 patients (15.7%) had parotid carcinoma. Comparison of the three groups of patients with parotid gland tumors indicated that pack years as an indicator of smoking status were significantly higher in patients with Warthin tumors than in those with parotid carcinomas (P=0.011) or pleomorphic adenoma (P<0.001). Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was non-diagnostic for only 6 (4.3%) of 140 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of FNAC by both conventional smear and liquid-based cytology (LBC) for parotid carcinomas were 70, 99, 93.3, 94.4 and 82.9%, respectively. Among the 22 patients with parotid carcinoma, extended total/total and superficial parotidectomy were performed in 10 (45%) and 11 (50%) cases, respectively. Total and selective neck dissection of the area from level II to I, II and III were performed in 6 (24%) and 7 (32%) patients, respectively. Postoperative radiotherapy (50 Gy) was performed in 15 (68%) patients. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates at 5 years were 51.5 and 76.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that age >65 years was significantly associated with poorer 5-year OS (P<0.001) and DFS (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that an age of more than 65 years combined with high-grade histologic malignancy was associated with worse DFS (P=0.02; hazard ratio, 3.628; 95% confidence interval, 1.283-9.514). In conclusion, the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of parotid gland tumors were consistent with the results of previous reports. Smoking may be closely related to the pathogenesis of Warthin tumors. LBC potentially provides improved accuracy in FNAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Suzuki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Bandoh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
| | - Takashi Goto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
| | - Akinobu Kubota
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiro Uemura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
| | - Michihisa Kono
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Shota Sakaue
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Takei
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Yasuaki Harabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
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Value of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in differential diagnostics of Warthin tumors and parotid malignancies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16282. [PMID: 34381113 PMCID: PMC8357791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To define an algorithm for differential diagnostics of parotid malignancies and Warthin tumors (WTs) based on dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). 55 patients with parotid tumors treated surgically were analyzed. Of which, 19 had parotid malignancy and 36 had WTs confirmed with postoperative histopathological examination. Accuracy of DCE-MRI parameters (Tpeak and WR) was compared with the histopathological diagnosis. ROC analysis was performed to determine sensitivity and specificity of DCE-MRI with various Tpeak and WR cut-off values. WT showed significantly lower median Tpeak and higher median WR than malignant lesions. The cut-off values for Tpeak and WR providing maximum sensitivity (84.2%) and specificity (86.1%) for malignant tumors were Tpeak > 60 s and WR ≤ 30%. Different diagnostic algorithm, i.e., lower cut-off value for Tpeak (Tpeak = 60 s), increases sensitivity of DCE-MRI in differentiating parotid malignancies from WTs. However, WR > 30% seems to be a key diagnostic criterion for benign lesions. Precise and reliable preoperative diagnostics of parotid tumors aids in careful surgical planning, thereby assisting in achieving sufficient surgical resection margins and facial nerve preservation.
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Geiger JL, Ismaila N, Beadle B, Caudell JJ, Chau N, Deschler D, Glastonbury C, Kaufman M, Lamarre E, Lau HY, Licitra L, Moore MG, Rodriguez C, Roshal A, Seethala R, Swiecicki P, Ha P. Management of Salivary Gland Malignancy: ASCO Guideline. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:1909-1941. [PMID: 33900808 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide evidence-based recommendations for practicing physicians and other healthcare providers on the management of salivary gland malignancy. METHODS ASCO convened an Expert Panel of medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, neuroradiology, pathology, and patient advocacy experts to conduct a literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective comparative observational studies published from 2000 through 2020. Outcomes of interest included survival, diagnostic accuracy, disease recurrence, and quality of life. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS The literature search identified 293 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. Six main clinical questions were addressed, which included subquestions on preoperative evaluations, surgical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, appropriate radiotherapy techniques, the role of systemic therapy, and follow-up evaluations. RECOMMENDATIONS When possible, evidence-based recommendations were developed to address the diagnosis and appropriate preoperative evaluations for patients with a salivary gland malignancy, therapeutic procedures, and appropriate treatment options in various salivary gland histologies.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marnie Kaufman
- Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Research Foundation, Needham, MA
| | | | | | - Lisa Licitra
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Ha
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Mikaszewski B, Markiet K, Smugała A, Stodulski D, Szurowska E, Stankiewicz C. Clinical and demographic data improve diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI in differential diagnostics of parotid gland tumors. Oral Oncol 2020; 111:104932. [PMID: 32739792 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify if differential diagnostic algorithms based on selected parameters of dynamic and diffusion-weighted MRI, clinical and demographic variables are accurate enough to differentiate between parotid malignancies, pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 84 patients, among them 19 (23%) with postoperative diagnosis of a parotid malignancy, 37 (44%) with Warthin tumors and 28 (33%) with pleomorphic adenomas. Accuracy of dynamic and diffusion-weighted MRI parameters (Tpeak, Tmax, WR and ADC), clinical parameters of the tumor (location in the superficial or deep parotid lobe, single vs. multiple lesion, concomitant lymphadenopathy) and demographic characteristics of the patient (age, sex) was determined on ROC analysis. RESULTS Compared to Warthin tumors, parotid malignancies showed higher Tpeak, Tmax and ADC, lower WR, were more often located in the deep lobe of the parotid and presented as single lesions with concomitant lymphadenopathy. Consideration of all these variables provided 100% sensitivity and 89.2% specificity of the differential diagnostic algorithm. Compared to pleomorphic adenomas, parotid malignancies presented with lower ADC and Tpeak, higher Tmax, were more often located in the deep lobe of the parotid, associated with concomitant lymphadenopathy, diagnosed in men and individuals older than 66 years. Consideration of all these variables provided 100% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity of the differential diagnostic algorithm. CONCLUSION Combined analysis of clinical data and results of dynamic and diffusion-weighted MRI may provide nearly ideal accuracy in differential diagnostics of parotid malignancies and the two most common histological types of benign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Mikaszewski
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Dębinki St., 80-952 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Karolina Markiet
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Dębinki St., 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aneta Smugała
- Department of Radiology, University Clinical Center, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominik Stodulski
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Dębinki St., 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Dębinki St., 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Czesław Stankiewicz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Dębinki St., 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
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Dhanani R, Iftikhar H, Awan MS, Zahid N, Momin SNA. Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Parotid Gland Tumors: Analysis of 193 Cases. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 24:e508-e512. [PMID: 33101519 PMCID: PMC7575377 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parotid gland tumors include a wide variety of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. The majority of these tumors are benign (80%), which usually require superficial parotidectomy, while the incidence of malignant tumors is lower (20%), requiring more radical surgery with or without neck dissection. The diagnosis cannot be established on the basis of clinical history and simple physical examination and requires complementary diagnostic methods. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) guided by ultrasound is a widely used diagnostic tool to evaluate parotid swellings. Objective To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of parotid gland tumors. Methods A retrospective chart review of 193 patients who underwent preoperative FNAC and parotidectomy at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from the period of January 2000 to December 2015 was performed. Results Out of 193 patients undergoing parotidectomy, 110 (57%) were males and 83 (43%) were females, the mean age being 48.21 and 43.76 years old, respectively. The mean duration of the symptoms was 41.33 months, and the most common symptom was preauricular swelling present in all patients, followed by pain, which was present in 29 patients (15%) and facial nerve weakness in 6 patients (3.1%). Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed preoperatively and the results were compared with the final histopathology, which showed sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 97.9%, positive predictive value of 93%, negative predictive value of 96.7% and diagnostic accuracy of 95.8%. Conclusion Our results suggest that FNAC is relatively an accurate method for preoperative diagnosis of parotid swelling and can prove to be a valuable tool for preoperative counseling of the nature of the disease and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Dhanani
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the University Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Haissan Iftikhar
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the University Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Awan
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the University Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nida Zahid
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the University Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Fine needle aspiration cytology for parotid neoplasms: risk of malignancy through inconclusive results and lower grade tumors. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 277:841-851. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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7
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Zbären P, Triantafyllou A, Devaney KO, Poorten VV, Hellquist H, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Preoperative diagnostic of parotid gland neoplasms: fine-needle aspiration cytology or core needle biopsy? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:2609-2613. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Comoglu S, Ozturk E, Celik M, Avci H, Sonmez S, Basaran B, Kiyak E. Comprehensive analysis of parotid mass: A retrospective study of 369 cases. Auris Nasus Larynx 2018; 45:320-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Mikaszewski B, Markiet K, Smugała A, Stodulski D, Szurowska E, Stankiewicz C. Diffusion- and Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging—An Alternative to Fine Needle Biopsy or Only an Adjunct Test in Preoperative Differential Diagnostics of Malignant and Benign Parotid Tumors? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:2248-2253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Diffusion-weighted MRI in the differential diagnosis of parotid malignancies and pleomorphic adenomas: can the accuracy of dynamic MRI be enhanced? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 124:95-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Common usage of fine-needle aspirate (FNA) for salivary gland lesions is the preoperative determination of whether a lesion is neoplastic, its lineage, and if neoplastic, whether it is low grade/benign, or high grade. Immunohistochemical stains can be performed on cell blocks to determine lineage and help refine diagnosis, although their performance is not always equivalent to that seen in surgical specimens. Several characteristic translocations have been described in various entities in these categories, and these can be evaluated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. In the future, high-throughput next-generation sequencing panels may further refine cytologic diagnosis in salivary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja R Seethala
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, A614.X PUH, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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12
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Farrag TY, Lin FR, Koch WM, Califano JA, Cummings CW, Farinola MA, Tufano RP. The role of pre-operative CT-guided FNAB for parapharyngeal space tumors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 136:411-4. [PMID: 17321869 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the role of computed tomography (CT)-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in surgical planning for parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors. Design and Setting Chart review of 49 consecutive patients with surgically treated PPS tumors from 1995 to 2005. Results Twenty-nine patients had CT-guided FNAB. A cytopathologic diagnosis that was the same as final pathology was rendered in 14 (48%) patients; suggestive but not conclusive in 6 (21%) patients; discordant in 3 (10%) patients; and 6 (21%) patients had a nondiagnostic result. Fourteen of 15 patients who had a final histopathologic finding of pleomorphic adenoma had a correct or highly suggestive preoperative FNAB diagnosis. The positive predictive value for CT-guided FNAB to identify benign tumors is 90%, (18 of 20) but to identify malignant PPS tumors is 75% (3 of 4). Conclusion CT-guided FNAB of PPS tumors is helpful to predict the nature of the PPS tumors (especially benign), which allows the surgeon and patient to plan for treatment, accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Y Farrag
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-0910, USA
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13
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Henrys CE, Grigg R. Use of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of parotid neoplasms. ANZ J Surg 2014; 85:838-42. [DOI: 10.1111/ans.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtenay E. Henrys
- School of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Roger Grigg
- School of Medicine; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Witt RL, Iro H, McGurk M. The Role of Extracapsular Dissection for Benign Parotid Tumors. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-014-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Akhavan-Moghadam J, Afaaghi M, Maleki AR, Saburi A. Fine needle aspiration: an atraumatic method to diagnose head and neck masses. Trauma Mon 2013; 18:117-21. [PMID: 24350168 PMCID: PMC3864395 DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.10541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients presenting with a mass require tissue biopsy for histological diagnosis and treatment. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is offered as an atraumatic, well tolerated, and inexpensive method for obtaining a biopsy from these lesions. Objectives In this study we evaluated the accuracy of FNA as an atraumatic method among patients with nonthyroidal masses for diagnosis of neoplastic masses compared to open surgery. Patients and Methods In a cross-sectional study, 65 patients with a head and neck masses (nonthyroidal) referred to us from 2004 to 2009. Those who had both FNA and open biopsy (the gold standard) were assessed for specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values of FNA in diagnoses. Results Sixty-five cases with both definite diagnoses of open biopsy and FNA were assessed. The mean (± standard deviation) age of patients was 39.96 ± 19.69 years (range 10 to 82 years). Twenty-five (40.8%) subjects were categorized as malignant neoplasms, 16 (19.4%) as benign neoplasms, and 24 (39.8%) as non-neoplastic lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and also negative predictive values of FNA in the diagnosis of neoplastic masses were 95%, 85%, 92.68%, and 91.66% respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy was 92.3%. Conclusions It seems that FNA is a useful atraumatic diagnostic technique with a high diagnostic accuracy which can provide a highly sensitive diagnosis with low false positive diagnoses in patients with nonthyroidal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Akhavan-Moghadam
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Surgery, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Afaaghi
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Surgery, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Reza Maleki
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Department of Surgery, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Amin Saburi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Amin Saburi, Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Mollasadra Av., Vanak Sq., Tehran, IR Iran. Tel./Fax: +98-2188600067, E-mail:
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Mallon DH, Kostalas M, MacPherson FJ, Parmar A, Drysdale A, Chisholm E, Sadek S. The diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration in parotid lumps. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2013; 95:258-62. [PMID: 23676809 PMCID: PMC4132499 DOI: 10.1308/003588413x13511609958370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a safe and quick method of diagnosing superficial lumps, which aids preoperative planning. However, FNA of the parotid gland has not gained the widespread acceptance noted in other head and neck lumps. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of FNA of the parotid gland to differentiate benign and malignant disease, and to determine the impact on surgical outcome. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 201 consecutive parotid operations with preoperative FNA in a large district hospital in the UK was performed. The diagnostic characteristics were calculated for benign and malignant disease, and the impact on surgical procedure was determined. RESULTS In identifying benign disease, FNA has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 76%. In detecting malignant disease, FNA has a sensitivity and specificity of 52% and 92% respectively. A false positive on FNA was associated with a higher incidence of neck dissection. CONCLUSIONS FNA is a useful diagnostic test. However, owing to low sensitivity, it is necessary to interpret it in the context of all other clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Mallon
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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17
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Schmidt RL, Factor RE, Witt BL, Layfield LJ. Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies in Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Survey of Risk of Bias and Comparability. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013; 137:566-575. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2012-0199-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Context.—The quality of diagnostic accuracy studies is determined by 2 key factors: risk of bias and comparability. Bias can distort accuracy estimates and poor reporting impairs comparability. While diagnostic accuracy studies for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are frequently published, the methodologic issues associated with this body of literature have never been reviewed.Objective.—To assess the quality of design and reporting of diagnostic test accuracy studies in FNAC.Data Sources.—Diagnostic accuracy studies were identified by a Medline (US National Library of Medicine) search. Sixty-four FNAC diagnostic test accuracy studies were randomly selected for structured review with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) survey. Studies were divided between 2 time periods: 2000-2001 and 2009-2011.Conclusions.—Diagnostic test accuracy studies of FNAC suffer from numerous deficiencies in study design, which negatively affect the reliability of accuracy estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L. Schmidt
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Rachel E. Factor
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Benjamin L. Witt
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lester J. Layfield
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Nguansangiam S, Jesdapatarakul S, Dhanarak N, Sosrisakorn K. Accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions: routine diagnostic experience in Bangkok, Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:1583-8. [PMID: 22799371 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.4.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is well accepted as a safe, reliable, minimal invasive and cost-effective method for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. This study evaluated the accuracy and diagnostic performance of FNA cytology in Thailand. A consecutive series of 290 samples from 246 patients during January 2001-December 2009 were evaluated from the archive of the Anatomical Pathology Department of our institution and 133 specimens were verified by histopathologic diagnoses, obtained with material from surgical excision or biopsy. Cytologic diagnoses classified as unsatisfactory, benign, suspicious for malignancy and malignant were compared with the histopathological findings. Among the 133 satisfactory specimens, the anatomic sites were 70 (52.6%) parotid glands and 63 (47.4 %) submandibular glands. FNA cytological diagnoses showed benign lesions in 119 cases (89.5 %), suspicious for malignancy in 3 cases (2.2 %) and malignant in 11 cases (8.3%). From the subsequent histopathologic diagnoses, 3/133 cases of benign cytology turned out to be malignant lesions, the false negative rate being 2.2 % and 1/133 case of malignant cytology turned out to be a benign lesion, giving a false positive rate was 0.8%. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.0% (95% CI, 70.6%-99.4%), 81.3% (95% CI, 54.4%-96.0%), 99.1% (95% CI, 95.4%-100%), 92.9% (95% CI, 66.1%-99.8), 97.5% (95% CI, 92.8%-99.5%), respectively. This study indicated that FNA cytology of salivary gland is a reliable and highly accurate diagnostic method for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. It not only provides preoperative diagnosis for therapeutic management but also can prevent unnecessary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Nguansangiam
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, University of Bangkok Metropolis, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Inançlı HM, Kanmaz MA, Ural A, Dilek GB. Fine needle aspiration biopsy: in the diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms compared with histopathology. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 65:121-5. [PMID: 24427627 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-012-0608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration biopsy is commonly used for pre operative evaluations of salivary gland masses. We would like to focus on this diagnostic tool for the salivary gland lesions by reviewing Ankara Oncology Hospital's case lists. Cytological and postoperatively histological reassessment is done for 115 cases. Fine needle aspiration biopsy's sensitivity was 80.8 %, specificity 95.1 %, positive predictive value was 84 % and negative predictive value was 93.9 %. False positive range was 4.9 % and false negative range was 19.2 %. Salivary gland masses can be assessed by cytology preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Mete Inançlı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Yakin Doğu Bulvarı, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10 Turkey
| | - Mahmut Alper Kanmaz
- Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Sanli Urfa Birecik State Hospital, Sanli Urfa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ural
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gulay Bilir Dilek
- Department of Pathology, Ankara Oncology Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Zbären P, Vander Poorten V, Witt RL, Woolgar JA, Shaha AR, Triantafyllou A, Takes RP, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid: formal parotidectomy or limited surgery? Am J Surg 2012; 205:109-18. [PMID: 23062782 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal surgery for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid is controversial. In the present review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches after addressing the surgical pathology of the parotid pleomorphic adenoma capsule and its influence on surgery. DATA SOURCES PubMed literature searches were performed to identify original studies. CONCLUSIONS Almost all pleomorphic adenomas can be effectively treated by formal parotidectomy, but the procedure is not mandatory. Extracapsular dissection is a minimal margin surgery; therefore, in the hands of a novice or occasional parotid surgeon, it may result in higher rates of recurrence. Partial superficial parotidectomy may be a good compromise. The tumor is removed with a greater cuff of healthy parotid tissue than in extracapsular dissection. This may minimize the recurrence rate. On the other hand, the removal of healthy parotid tissue compared with formal parotidectomy is limited, thus minimizing complications such as facial nerve dysfunction and Frey syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zbären
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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Liu B, Liu JY, Zhang WF, Jia J. Pediatric parotid tumors: clinical review of 24 cases in a Chinese population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76:1007-11. [PMID: 22503446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence, types, and treatment outcomes of pediatric parotid tumors in Chinese population. METHODS Pediatric salivary gland tumors treated at Stomatolgy Hospital, of Wuhan University, from 1990 to 2010, were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS One hundred and two patients 18 years old or younger were diagnosed as parotid mass, of which 24 (23.5%) were parotid tumors. Of these patients, 11 (45.8%) were benign and 13 (54.2%) malignant. Hemangioma was the most frequent no-epithelial tumor. The most common benign epithelial tumor was pleomorphic adenoma (63.6%), and the most common malignant epithelial tumor was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (38.5%), with both of them showing a female to male predominance. The most common treatment was parotidectomy (83.3%). CONCLUSIONS Although pediatric parotid masses are unusual, they can represent a variety of pathological diagnoses, including malignancy. The intralesional injection can treat parotid hemangiomas in pediatric population effectively. Parotidectomy remains the mainstay treatment for both pediatric parotid gland benign and malignancies of epithelial cell origin. Adjuvant radiotherapy should be used judiciously in pediatric patients due to the higher risk of post-irradiation complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Javadi M, Asghari A, Hassannia F. Value of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the evaluation of parotid tumors. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011; 64:257-60. [PMID: 23998031 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is commonly used in the study of parotid masses; however controversy exists regarding its diagnostic accuracy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of FNAC as a preoperative diagnostic tool of parotid tumors. Sixty-five patients had satisfactory preoperative FNAC and underwent subsequent surgery to the parotid between March 2002 and July 2009 at our institution. The results of the FNAC were compared to the permanent histopathological diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the overall accuracy of FNAC for parotid masses were 57.9, 97.8, 91.7, 84.9, and 86%, respectively. FNAC is useful in the preoperative assessment of parotid tumors and surgical planning. The non-diagnostic and false-negative results are the limitations of FNAC that should be reduced to improve its usefulness in the evaluation of parotid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Javadi
- Department and Research Center of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Niayesh St., Satarkhan Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Schmidt RL, Hall BJ, Wilson AR, Layfield LJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology for parotid gland lesions. Am J Clin Pathol 2011; 136:45-59. [PMID: 21685031 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpoie0cznat6sq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical usefulness of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for the diagnosis of parotid gland lesions is controversial. Many accuracy studies have been published, but the literature has not been adequately summarized. We identified 64 studies on the diagnosis of malignancy (6,169 cases) and 7 studies on the diagnosis of neoplasia (795 cases). The diagnosis of neoplasia (area under the summary receiver operating characteristic [AUSROC] curve, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.00) had higher accuracy than the diagnosis of malignancy (AUSROC, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.97). Several sources of bias were identified that could affect study estimates. Studies on the diagnosis of malignancy showed significant heterogeneity (P < .001). The subgroups of American, French, and Turkish studies showed greater homogeneity, but the accuracy of these subgroups was not significantly different from that of the remaining subgroup. It is not possible to provide a general guideline on the clinical usefulness of FNAC for parotid gland lesions owing to the variability in study results. There is a need to improve the quality of reporting and to improve study designs to remove or assess the impact of bias.
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Ali NS, Akhtar S, Junaid M, Awan S, Aftab K. Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in parotid lesions. ISRN SURGERY 2011; 2011:721525. [PMID: 22084773 PMCID: PMC3200214 DOI: 10.5402/2011/721525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Histopathology of parotid gland tumors is extremely varied and complex due to heterogeneous cellular composition. Preoperative diagnostic tools include fine needle aspiration cytology, the role of which remains controversial. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of parotid gland tumors. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed charts of 129 patients who underwent parotidectomy for parotid lesions at Aga Khan University Hospital from 2002 to 2010. We compared the results of preoperative FNAC with final histopathological diagnosis. Results. Concordance with histological results was observed in 86%, specificity was 98%, sensitivity was 84%, and diagnostic accuracy was 94%. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that preoperative cytology in parotid lesions is fairly accurate and useful in diagnosing benign from malignant and in planning appropriate approach for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Sultan Ali
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
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Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of salivary gland tumours: Repeat aspiration provides further information in cases with an unclear initial cytological diagnosis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 48:26-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2008.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Carrillo JF, Ramírez R, Flores L, Ramirez-Ortega MC, Arrecillas MD, Ibarra M, Sotelo R, Ponce-de-León S, Oñate-Ocaña LF. Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in preoperative diagnosis of patients with parotid gland masses. J Surg Oncol 2009; 100:133-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.21317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Burgess AN, Serpell JW. PAROTIDECTOMY: PREOPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS AND OUTCOMES IN A SINGLE SURGEON PRACTICE. ANZ J Surg 2008; 78:791-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2008.04651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bisdas S, Baghi M, Wagenblast J, Knecht R, Thng CH, Koh TS, Vogl TJ. Differentiation of benign and malignant parotid tumors using deconvolution-based perfusion CT imaging: Feasibility of the method and initial results. Eur J Radiol 2007; 64:258-65. [PMID: 17399933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Revised: 02/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM We evaluated the feasibility of perfusion CT (CTP) of the parotid gland and attempted to differentiate benign from malignant tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS CTP was performed in 17 patients with benign tumors and 10 patients with malignant parotid tumors. Data were postprocessed by using deconvolution-based perfusion analysis. Postprocessing-generated maps showed blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and capillary permeability surface product (PS). Regions of interest were placed through the tumor site and the contralateral healthy parotid tissue. Ratios of the perfusion values between the tumors and the contralateral healthy structures were also calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients were determined to compare the agreement between the two readers. RESULTS Perfusion maps of all tumors were successfully obtained. High Pearson correlation coefficients comparing the two readers' visually measured abnormalities were observed (r=0.79-0.86, P=0.001) for all perfusion maps, The MTT and PS values between malignant and benign tumors were not significantly different. The BF and BV values were statistically significant different between the benign and malignant tumors (0.00<P<0.02). Only the BV ratio criterion between malignant and benign neoplasms was statistically significant (P<0.004). CONCLUSIONS CTP of the parotid gland is feasible and may differentiate malignant from non-malignant lesions by means of absolute BF, BV and BV ratio values.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bisdas
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Shariff Z. Re: Balakrishnan K, Castling B, McMahon J, Imrie J, Feeley KM, Parker AJ et al. Fine needle aspiration in the management of a parotid mass: a two centre retrospective study. Surgeon 2005; 3 (2): 67-72. Surgeon 2006; 4:185-6; author reply 186. [PMID: 16764208 DOI: 10.1016/s1479-666x(06)80095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Motoori K, Ueda T, Uchida Y, Chazono H, Suzuki H, Ito H. Identification of Warthin tumor: magnetic resonance imaging versus salivary scintigraphy with technetium-99m pertechnetate. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2005; 29:506-12. [PMID: 16012309 DOI: 10.1097/01.rct.0000164672.34261.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of technetium-99m (Tc-99m) pertechnetate scintigraphy and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor. METHODS Sixteen cases of Warthin tumor and 17 cases of non-Warthin tumor were examined by Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy with lemon juice stimulation and MR imaging, including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, short inversion time inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted, and contrast-enhanced dynamic images. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS The mean area under the ROC curves of MR imaging in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor (0.97) was higher than that of Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy (0.88). CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance imaging is more useful in the evaluation of Warthin tumor than Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Motoori
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan.
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Abstract
Parotid cancers are infrequently encountered. These tumors carry a prolonged risk of recurrence and metastasis. Controversies surrounding pre-treatment evaluation by imaging and fine needle aspiration, utility of operative frozen section are partly resolved. Though surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, radiation is being recognized as a useful adjuvant. Facial nerve preservation is one of the important goals at surgery. The role of chemotherapy is still investigational. The prognosis and necessity of elective neck treatment are mainly guided by the tumor grade and stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Harish
- Department of Surgical Oncology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, Bangalore 560054, India.
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Zbären P, Nuyens M, Loosli H, Stauffer E. Diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology and frozen section in primary parotid carcinoma. Cancer 2004; 100:1876-83. [PMID: 15112268 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.20186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The low incidence and histologic heterogeneity of primary parotid carcinomas makes it difficult to evaluate the value of preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and intraoperative frozen section (FS) analysis. In the current study, the authors reviewed a single institution's experience regarding the preoperative and intraoperative diagnostic value of FNAC and FS in primary salivary gland carcinomas. METHODS Between January 1990 and December 2002, 108 primary parotid carcinomas were resected at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Berne, Inselspital (Berne, Switzerland). Included in the study were a total of 101 carcinomas with preoperative FNAC results in 88 tumors and/or intraoperative FS results in 45 tumors. In a retrospective study, the results of FNAC and FS were analyzed and compared with the corresponding histopathologic diagnoses. RESULTS The cytologic findings were true-positive for malignancy in 63 tumors (72%), false-negative in 22 tumors (25%), and nondiagnostic in 3 tumors (3%). The tumor grading was correct in 29 of 63 tumors (46%), and the exact tumor typing was correct in 27 of 63 (43%) true-positive tumors. The FS findings were true-positive for malignancy in 43 of 45 tumors (96%), the tumor grading was correct in 35 of 45 tumors (78%), and the tumor typing was correct in 32 of 45 tumors (71%). Overall, at the time of surgery, of the 101 parotid carcinomas, the tumor was known to be malignant in 83 tumors (82%), and the correct grade and the exact tumor type were known in 55 tumors (54%) and 48 tumors (48%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS FNAC recognized malignancy in 72% of tumors, but it could not be relied upon to provide an accurate tumor grading or typing. Therefore, FNAC alone is not prone to determine the surgical management of primary parotid carcinomas. The current analysis showed the statistically significant superiority of FS compared with FNAC regarding the diagnosis of malignancy, tumor grading, and tumor typing in primary parotid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zbären
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Berne, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland.
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O'Brien CJ. Current management of benign parotid tumors--the role of limited superficial parotidectomy. Head Neck 2004; 25:946-52. [PMID: 14603455 DOI: 10.1002/hed.10312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parotid tumors are mostly benign, but their evaluation and treatment require a thorough knowledge of the relevant anatomy and pathology. Surgical treatment of benign tumors is aimed at complete removal of the mass with facial nerve preservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of treatment of benign parotid neoplasms when surgery entailed limited superficial parotidectomy. METHODS All patients with benign parotid tumors treated by the author from 1988 to 2002 were reviewed. Data had been prospectively accessioned onto the computerized database of the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, RPAH. Limited superficial parotidectomy was carried out in all previously untreated patients with tumors superficial to the plane of the facial nerve. Median follow-up time was 6 years (range, 1-14 years). RESULTS A total of 363 parotidectomies was carried out on 355 patients, 29 of whom (8%) were previously treated. Tumors arose deep to the plane of the facial nerve in 40 patients (11%), and, of these, 16 occupied the parapharyngeal space. Pleomorphic adenoma (70%) and Warthin's tumors (15%) were the most common pathologic types. Temporary postoperative facial weakness occurred after 98 operations (27%). Facial weakness was permanent in 2.5% of patients (9 cases) who had normal preoperative function; however, in this group the facial nerve was intentionally resected in 2 patients, 3 others had had previous surgery, and 1 had a deep lobe tumor. Tumor recurrence developed in three patients (0.8%), two of whom had been previously treated. CONCLUSION Complete superficial parotidectomy is unnecessary in the treatment of benign localized parotid tumors. Limited parotidectomy is associated with very low rates of morbidity and recurrence. Preoperative investigations should be used selectively; however, the author recommends routine (or at least liberal) use of fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J O'Brien
- Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Medical Centre, 100 Carillon Avenue, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia.
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Motoori K, Yamamoto S, Ueda T, Nakano K, Muto T, Nagai Y, Ikeda M, Funatsu H, Ito H. Inter- and Intratumoral Variability in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pleomorphic Adenoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2004; 28:233-46. [PMID: 15091129 DOI: 10.1097/00004728-200403000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to describe the various magnetic resonance (MR) findings of pleomorphic adenoma and to interpret these findings. METHODS MR studies of 33 pleomorphic adenomas and 13 malignant tumors in the major salivary glands were reviewed. RESULTS High signal intensity on short-inversion-time inversion recovery (STIR) and T2-weighted (T2W) images, progressive enhancement on dynamic MR images, and high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted (DW) images reflected myxoid-dominant components in pleomorphic adenomas. Hypercellularity with less-myxoid stroma showed reduced signal intensity on STIR and T2W images and also reduced ADC values on DW images, and the peak of time versus signal intensity curves (TICs) was reached earlier on dynamic MR images. CONCLUSIONS The MR images of hypercellularity components in pleomorphic adenoma overlap with those of malignant parotid tumors. Detecting myxoid components by STIR, T2W, DW, and dynamic MR images is useful for predicting whether salivary gland tumors are pleomorphic adenoma or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Motoori
- Departments of Radiology and Otolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
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Stow N, Veivers D, Poole A. Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology in the Management of Salivary Gland Tumors: An Australian Experience. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/014556130408300214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective study of 104 cases of salivary gland tumors that were initially assessed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Based on subsequent histopathologic analysis of excised specimens, we found that preoperative FNAB was highly sensitive and specific for both benign and malignant tumors—including the most common, pleomorphic adenomas and squamous cell carcinomas, respectively. Despite its possible drawbacks, we conclude that preoperative FNAB is a useful tool in the management of salivary gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Stow
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Veivers
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alan Poole
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
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Postema RJ, van Velthuysen MLF, van den Brekel MWM, Balm AJM, Peterse JL. Accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions in the netherlands cancer institute. Head Neck 2004; 26:418-24. [PMID: 15122658 DOI: 10.1002/hed.10393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in salivary gland lesions in a tertiary referral center. METHODS A cytohistologic correlation study was performed using an automated pathology database of 1023 patients diagnosed with a salivary gland lesion. RESULTS In 388 cases, both cytology and histology were available. Using cytologic confirmation of malignancy as the starting point, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNAC in this study were 88%, 99%, and 96%, respectively. Exact type-specific concordance of the malignant diagnosis was achieved in 66 (88%) of 75 cases and in 211 (95%) of 223 benign cases. Of the 19 cases with a cytologic diagnosis "cyst," four proved to be malignant. A non-neoplastic lesion at cytology proved to be correctly classified in 53 (68%) of 80 patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that cytology is a reliable and accurate technique to assess lesions of the salivary glands. The cytologic diagnosis of "cysts" and "non-neoplastic lesions" should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf J Postema
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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