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Attallah AM, El-Far M, Abdel Malak CA, Farid K, Omran MM, Yahya RS, Saad EA, Albannan MS, Attallah AA, El Basuni MA, Ali IS, Abed SB, El Naggar MA. A simple diagnostic index comprising epithelial membrane antigen and fibronectin for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2016; 14:869-80. [PMID: 26436359 DOI: 10.5604/16652681.1171774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background and rationale for the study. Continuing search for suitable tumor-markers is of clinical value in managing patients with various malignancies. These markers may be presented as intracellular substances in tissues or may be released into the circulation and appear in serum. Therefore, this work is concerned with identification and quantitative determination of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and fibronectin and estimating their performances as surrogate markers for identifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RESULTS A total of 627 individuals constituted this study [fibrosis (F1-F3) = 217; cirrhosis = 191; HCC = 219]. Western-blot was used for identifying EMA and fibronectin in sera. As a result, a single immunoreactive band was shown at 130-kDa and 90-kDa corresponding to EMA and fibronectin, respectively. They were quantified using ELISA providing values in HCC higher than fibrosis or cirrhosis with a significant difference (P < 0.0001). For identifying HCC, EMA showed 0.82 area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) with sensitivity = 70% and specificity = 78% while fibronectin yielded AUC = 0.70 with sensitivity = 67% and specificity = 82%. FEBA-Test comprising fibronectin and EMA together with total-bilirubin and AFP was constructed yielding AUC = 0.92 for identifying HCC from cirrhosis with sensitivity = 89% and specificity = 85%. FEBA-Test was then tested for differentiating HCC from fibrosis showing AUC = 0.97 with sensitivity = 90% and specificity = 89%. FEBA-Test enabled the correct identification of HCC patients with CLIP 0-1 and size ≤ 3 cm with AUC = 0.80 and AUC = 0.84, respectively, indicating its ability in identifying early HCC. CONCLUSIONS A four-marker index may improve the early detection of HCC with a high degree of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah M Attallah
- Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Far
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Khaled Farid
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Raida S Yahya
- Faculty of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Entsar A Saad
- Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Albannan
- Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Attallah
- Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Basuni
- Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | | | - Safaa B Abed
- Research & Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt
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Attallah AM, El-Far M, Malak CAA, Omran MM, Shiha GE, Farid K, Barakat LA, Albannan MS, Attallah AA, Abdelrazek MA, Elbendary MS, Sabry R, Hamoda GA, Elshemy MM, Ragab AA, Foda BM, Abdallah SO. HCC-DETECT: a combination of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and oncofetal proteins as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7667-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Abdel-Hamid NM, Nazmy MH, Abdel-Bakey AI. Polyol profile as an early diagnostic and prognostic marker in natural product chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 92:228-37. [PMID: 21388699 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It directs glucose to sorbitol and fructose in polyol pathway (PP). To pursue contribution of PP in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS We utilized ascorbic acid (AA) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) in experimental DM and HCC against control. HCC was induced by diethyl nitrosamine (DENA, one intraperitoneal (IP) dose 125 mg/kg), DM, by streptozotocin (STZ, IP dose 65 mg/kg). AA was given as 7.4 g/kg/d, I.P., DAS 200mg/kg/d, orally. All animals were killed after 10 weeks. RESULTS DENA elevated serum AFP, erythrocyte sorbitol (ES), neoplastic changes in liver, lowered blood glucose, increased hepatocyte aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), significantly alleviated by DAS/AA combination. DM elevated ES activating AR, inhibiting SDH, improved by DAS and AA. CONCLUSION Co-induction of DM and HCC increased liver tissue lesion, serum AFP, ES, liver AR and SDH. Co-administration of DAS/AA reduced ES, AR without changing SDH. DAS/AA co-therapy lowered ES by depressing AR without affecting SDH, meaning that AR is activated by cancer and DM in different ways. PP is early marker for HCC detection and response to chemoprevention. DAS/AA combination is promising cost effective chemopreventive and anti-diabetic combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt.
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Kim BK, Han KH, Ahn SH. Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Oncology 2011; 81 Suppl 1:41-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000333258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Celikkaya H, Ciraci C, Oztas E, Avci ME, Ozturk M, Yagci T. Immunization with UV-Induced Apoptotic Cells Generates Monoclonal Antibodies Against Proteins Differentially Expressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2007; 26:55-61. [PMID: 17451351 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2006.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Early and differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requires sensitive and specific tissue and serum markers. On the other hand, proteins involved in tumorigenesis are extensively modulated on exposure to apoptotic stimuli, including ultraviolet (UVC) irradiation. Hence, we generated monoclonal antibodies by using UVC-irradiated apoptotic cells of an HCC cell line, HUH7, aiming to explore proteins differentially expressed in tumors and apoptosis. We obtained 18 hybridoma clones recognizing protein targets in apoptotic HUH7 cells, and clone 6D5 was chosen for characterization studies because of its strong reactivity in cell-ELISA assay. Subtype of the antibody was IgG3 (kappa). Targets of 6D5 antibody were found to be abundantly expressed in all HCC cell lines except FLC4, which resembles normal hepatocytes. We also observed the secretion of 6D5 ligands by some of the HCC cell lines. Moreover, cellular proteins recognized by the antibody displayed a late upregulation in UVC-induced apoptotic cells. We concluded that 6D5 target proteins are modulated in liver tumorigenesis and apoptotic processes. We therefore propose the validation of our antibody in tissue and serum samples of HCC patients to assess its potential use for the early diagnosis of HCC and to understand the role of 6D5 ligands in liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Celikkaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Liaw YF, Leung N, Guan R, Lau GKK, Merican I, McCaughan G, Gane E, Kao JH, Omata M. Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B: a 2005 update. Liver Int 2005; 25:472-89. [PMID: 15910483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A large amount of new data on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B has become available such that the 2003 consensus statement requires revision and update. METHODS New data were presented, discussed and debated in an expert pre-meeting to draft a revision. The revised contents were finalized after discussion in a general meeting of APASL. RESULTS Conceptual background, including the efficacy and safety profile of currently available and emerging drugs, was reviewed. Nineteen recommendations were formed and unresolved issues and areas for further study were suggested. CONCLUSION The current therapy of chronic hepatitis B is modestly effective but not satisfactory. The development of new drugs and new strategies is required to further improve the outcomes of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fan Liaw
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Coverdale SA, Khan MH, Byth K, Lin R, Weltman M, George J, Samarasinghe D, Liddle C, Kench JG, Crewe E, Farrell GC. Effects of interferon treatment response on liver complications of chronic hepatitis C: 9-year follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol 2004; 99:636-44. [PMID: 15089895 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibrotic severity, biochemical indices of poor liver function, and sporadic transmission are independent predictors of liver complications among people with chronic hepatitis C. After accounting for these factors, we tested whether interferon treatment or the treatment response reduces the rate of liver cancer, liver-related death or transplantation, and other liver complications during extended follow-up. METHODS Liver clinic cohort of 455 patients with histologically proven chronic hepatitis C was followed prospectively for median 9 yr (IQ 6, 11 yr); 384 received interferon, 343 completed a treatment course. Liver complications were assessed in relation to treatment and treatment response in univariate and multivariate models, and survival to onset of liver-related complications was determined. RESULTS The annual incidence of total liver complications was 1.5% in treated and 2.9% in untreated patients and appeared quasilinear throughout 9-yr follow-up. Interferon treatment did not influence the rate of liver complications. However, the rate of complications increased exponentially with transition of the treatment response from sustained viral response (SVR), through response-relapse to nonresponse (or no treatment). By univariate analysis, response to interferon treatment was a significant predictor of complications. After adjustment for fibrosis score, serum albumin concentration and mode of transmission in a multivariate model, treatment response just failed to reach significance (p= 0.058) as a predictor of outcome. CONCLUSIONS Response to antiviral therapy, and particularly SVR, appears to reduce liver complications in chronic hepatitis C. However, in the absence of an antiviral treatment response, a course of interferon does not reduce risks of liver cancer or liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley A Coverdale
- Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute and University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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Liaw YF, Leung N, Guan R, Lau GKK, Merican I. Asian-Pacific consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B: an update. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18:239-45. [PMID: 12603522 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.03037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fan Liaw
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hsu YS, Chien RN, Yeh CT, Sheen IS, Chiou HY, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2002; 35:1522-7. [PMID: 12029639 DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2002.33638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During the course of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion to its antibody (anti-HBe) often coincides with normalization of liver biochemical test and clinical remission, but data regarding long-term outcome after spontaneous seroconversion are still scarce. Excluding patients with other virus(es) concurrent infection, 283 patients with chronic HBV infection were followed up for at least 1 year after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion to anti-HBe. Follow-up studies included clinical, biochemical, and virologic evaluation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening with ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein assay. During a median follow-up period of 8.6 years (range, 1 to 18.4 years) after HBeAg seroconversion in 283 patients, 189 (66.8%) showed sustained remission, whereas the remaining 94 (33.2%) experienced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation over twice the upper limit of normal: 12 (4.2%) associated with HBeAg reversion, 68 (24%) with detectable serum HBV DNA but HBeAg negative, and 14 (4.9%) of undetermined causes. Of the 269 patients without evidence of cirrhosis at the time of HBeAg seroconversion, 21 (7.8%) developed cirrhosis with a cumulative incidence and relative risk significantly higher in patients developing active hepatitis than in patients with sustained remission (P <.05). HCC developed in 6 (2.2%) of the 283 patients, also with a significantly higher cumulative incidence in patients developing active hepatitis after HBeAg seroconversion (P <.005). In conclusion, the results suggest that spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion confers favorable long-term outcomes. However, active hepatitis still may develop and lead to cirrhosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Shih Hsu
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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