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Nishio M, Saito M, Yoshimori M, Kumaki Y, Ohashi A, Susaki E, Yonese I, Sawada M, Arai A. Clinical significance of anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1320292. [PMID: 38260896 PMCID: PMC10800478 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1320292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (sCAEBV) is a rare and fatal neoplasm, involving clonally proliferating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected T cells or natural killer cells. Patients with sCAEBV have abnormal titers of anti-EBV antibodies in their peripheral blood, but their significance is unknown. We retrospectively investigated titers and their relationship with the clinical features of sCAEBV using the data collected by the Japanese nationwide survey. Eighty-four patients with sCAEBV were analyzed. The anti-EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibody, targeting EBNA-expressing EBV-positive cells, was found in 87.5% of children (<15 years old), 73.7% of adolescents and young adults (15-39 years old), and 100% of adults (≥40 years old). Anti-EBNA antibody titers were significantly lower and anti-VCA-IgG antibody titers significantly higher in patients with sCAEBV than those in healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Patients with high anti-VCA-IgG and anti-early antigen-IgG antibody (antibodies against the viral particles) levels had significantly better 3-year overall survival rates than those with low titers, suggesting that patients with sCAEBV have a reduced immune response to EBV-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwako Nishio
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minori Saito
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yoshimori
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kumaki
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ohashi
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eri Susaki
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yonese
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Sawada
- Department of Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Arai
- Department of Hematology and Biophysical Systems Analysis, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Svirshchevskaya EV, Simonova MA, Matushevskaya EV, Fattakhova GV, Khlgatian SV, Ryazantsev DY, Chudakov DB, Zavriev SK. Humoral response to Epstein-Barr viral infection in patients with allergies. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type I hypersensitivity is mediated by the production of IgE antibodies in response to normally harmless substances. Debate still continues about the mechanisms underlying allergic reactions. Reduced barrier tissue function can be one of the risk factors for allergies. The aim of the present work was to compare the humoral immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in patients allergic to the A. alternata fungus or D. farinae house dust mites and healthy donors. It is known that up to 90% of the world population are infected with EBV. This infection occurs at early age when a child develops allergy. The antibodies were analyzed using immuno-PCR and the recombinant EBV protein rEBNA. We were able to demonstrate that infection occurs at early age in both allergic patients and healthy donors. The proportion of EBP-seropositive individuals was comparable between the groups (75% and 74%). The proportion of patients with high IgG1 titers among patients with allergies was lower (7%) than in healthy donors (18%), suggesting a lower viral load. In patients with allergies (but not in healthy donors) IgG1 titers declined as children grew older (р = 0.037). Besides, IgA1 titers were increased in patients with allergies in comparison with healthy donors, but differed between patients allergic to A. alternata and house dust mites. In allergic individuals, production of IgM against EBV was triggered earlier than in healthy donors. We conclude that IgM production and the IgA1-mediated humoral response occur earlier in patients with allergies, causing a decline in IgG1 titers over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. A. Simonova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. V. Matushevskaya
- Institute of Continuing Vocational Education, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - G. V. Fattakhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. V. Khlgatian
- Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Yu. Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. B. Chudakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. K. Zavriev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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M-protein-positive chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection: features mimicking HIV-1 infection. Int J Hematol 2009; 90:235-238. [PMID: 19588219 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-009-0373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2009] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is a unique and fatal lymphoproliferative disease (LPD), which often shows high serum IgG and/or IgE. The significance of such immunoglobulin abnormalities in CAEBV has not been fully evaluated and discussed. In addition, such clinical features mimic HIV-1 infection. We report here a case of CAEBV with M-protein detected which may shed a new light on the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Okano M. Overview and problematic standpoints of severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection syndrome. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2002; 44:273-82. [PMID: 12467967 DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(02)00118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an ubiquitous human herpesvirus. Its infection is generally subclinical. However, in certain circumstances, EBV causes infectious mononucleosis (IM) and lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) in immunologically compromised individuals. Furthermore, EBV infection is etiologically linked to human malignancies such as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and miscellaneous malignant diseases because of the presence of viral genome in their tumor tissues. Since the late 1970s, a chronic undefined illness possibly associated with EBV infection, named such as severe chronic active EBV infection syndrome (SCAEBV), has been of interest due to its unique manifestations that often result in a poor prognosis. This review is an overview of SCAEBV with respect to its; history, diagnosis, pathogenesis, therapeutic approaches, and ideas on how to further recognize this enigmatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiko Okano
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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