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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Peng D, Shi X, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhang X, Leng J, Li W. Adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma with metastasis near the renal hilum in an adult female: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:187. [PMID: 38486945 PMCID: PMC10938287 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), predominantly observed in children, is an uncommon malignant tumor in adults, with established treatment protocols notably lacking. The present study details the case of a 20-year-old woman who presented with a left adrenal gland mass, identified during a physical examination. Additionally, an unidentified mass was noted near the renal hilum in the preoperative evaluation. Following thorough preoperative preparation, both the primary adrenal gland mass and the renal hilar mass were surgically removed. The procedure concluded successfully. Pathological analysis confirmed that the left adrenal mass was a GNB and identified the renal hilar mass as a metastatic extension. Postoperative examination revealed a new formation at the original surgical site, later verified as a postoperative scar. Through the publication of a case report and extensive literature review, the present study aims to enhance our understanding of this condition, providing valuable diagnostic, therapeutic and post-recovery references for this rare adult disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, P.R. China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Dan Peng
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xin Shi
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhuorui Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Management Science and Information System, Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Jinjun Leng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, P.R. China
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Zhang S, Xiao B, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Fu X, Zuo S. Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroblastoma with postoperative stress ulcer perforation in an adolescent: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:208. [PMID: 35720481 PMCID: PMC9178696 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) is a condition belonging to the neuroblastoma family. It is a transitional tumor consisting of a mixture of mature ganglioneuromas and malignant neuroblastomas. Its biological behavior is intermediate between benign and malignant, with a risk of recurrence and metastasis. It usually occurs in pediatric patients aged <10 years, particularly between the ages of 1 and 2 years, but may also occur in adolescents or adults. The present study reported on the clinical management of a case of postoperative stress ulcer with perforation in a 17-year-old female patient with retroperitoneal GNB and provided a review of the literature on retroperitoneal GNB in adolescents and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Benli Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Shi Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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Abstract
Various pathologies can affect the adrenal gland. Noninvasive cross-sectional imaging is used for evaluating adrenal masses. Accurate diagnosis of adrenal lesions is critical, especially in cancer patients; the presence of adrenal metastasis changes prognosis and treatment. Characterization of adrenal lesions predominantly relies on morphologic and physiologic features to enable correct diagnosis and management. Key diagnostic features to differentiate benign and malignant adrenal lesions include presence/absence of intracytoplasmic lipid, fat cells, hemorrhage, calcification, or necrosis and locoregional and distant disease; enhancement pattern and washout values; and lesion size and stability. This article reviews a spectrum of adrenal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Sally Emad-Eldin
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention Radiology, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Street, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Ajaykumar C Morani
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Corey T Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ganglioneuroblastoma Arising in an Ovarian Dermoid Cyst: First Report in the Literature. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2017; 38:103-107. [PMID: 28914675 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of a somatic neoplasm within an ovarian dermoid cyst (mature cystic teratoma) is a rare, but well described, phenomenon which occurs in approximately 1% of all cases. Any of the tissue components of a dermoid cyst has the potential to undergo neoplastic transformation with carcinoid tumors and squamous cell carcinomas being among the most common neoplasms. We report a case of a ganglioneuroblastoma arising within an ovarian dermoid cyst, an association which, as far as we are aware, has not been described previously.
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Abstract
Various pathologies can affect the adrenal gland. Noninvasive cross-sectional imaging is used for evaluating adrenal masses. Accurate diagnosis of adrenal lesions is critical, especially in cancer patients; the presence of adrenal metastasis changes prognosis and treatment. Characterization of adrenal lesions predominantly relies on morphologic and physiologic features to enable correct diagnosis and management. Key diagnostic features to differentiate benign and malignant adrenal lesions include presence/absence of intracytoplasmic lipid, fat cells, hemorrhage, calcification, or necrosis and locoregional and distant disease; enhancement pattern and washout values; and lesion size and stability. This article reviews a spectrum of adrenal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Sally Emad-Eldin
- Department of Diagnostic and Intervention Radiology, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Street, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Ajaykumar C Morani
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Corey T Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Qiu W, Li T, Sun XD, Lv GY. Onset of adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma in an adult after delivery. Ann Surg Treat Res 2015; 89:220-3. [PMID: 26448921 PMCID: PMC4595823 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2015.89.4.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma is presented here. This adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma was found in a 27-year-old female 7 months after delivery. CT clarified that the tumor originated retroperitoneally and was large in size (11.4 cm × 9.4 cm). The tumor was surgically removed together with pancreatic body and tail, left kidney and spleen, and pathological diagnosis was adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma-intermixed. Adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma is extremely rare in adults, with only about 9 cases documented including this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Dong Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guo Yue Lv
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chen BF, Rathi M, Al-Samarrai S, Rajeswary J. First reported case of ganglioneuroblastoma in pregnancy and a review of the literature. Obstet Med 2014; 7:128-30. [PMID: 27512439 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x14533534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioneuroblastoma is a variant of neuroblastoma tumours with mature ganglion cell differentiation which occurs commonly in cervical, mediastinal and retroperitoneal locations. Approximately 90% of ganglioneuroblastomas are seen in children younger than five years old. There are 50 adult cases of ganglioneuroblastomas reported to date. Our patient is the 51st case and she is the first to be diagnosed in pregnancy. Our patient's tumour site was the thoraco-abdominal retroperitoneal space adjacent to her kidney. This tumour is generally diagnosed incidentally or by compression presentations, i.e. pain or neurological symptoms. Our patient's ultrasound scan appearances triggered suspicion of an atypical mass after presenting with loin pain. Caesarean section with tumour removal in the same session is preferred if tumour is small and localized. However in this case, there was uncertainty regarding the extent of the tumour. Therefore, the patient underwent thoracotomy after delivery to excise the thoraco-abdominal tumour, which extended from the level of the T9 to L2 vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Fong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, UK
| | - Manjusha Rathi
- Department of Endocrine Medicine, King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, UK
| | | | - Jyothi Rajeswary
- Department of Obstetrics, King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, UK
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Hayama S, Ohmi M, Yonemori A, Yamabuki T, Inomata H, Nihei K, Hirano S. Ganglioneuroblastoma arising within a retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma. World J Clin Oncol 2012; 3:155-158. [PMID: 23293755 PMCID: PMC3536834 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v3.i12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss an extremely rare case of ganglioneuroblastoma arising within a retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma. Radiological examinations showed a cystic tumor sandwiched between the pancreas and left kidney. Surgery was scheduled because the tumor seemed to have originated from the pancreas. En-block resection of the tumor with distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and left adrenalectomy was performed. In terms of macroscopic appearance, the tumor mainly consisted of a unilocular cystic mass, but the presence of a smaller, solid mass was also noted within the tumor. Histopathologic examination confirmed that the cystic mass was consistent with a mature cystic teratoma of the retroperitoneum, and in addition, a ganglioneuroblastoma was evident in the solid component. Histopathologically, the ganglioneuroblastomatous area was intimately associated with dermoid tissue of the mature cystic teratoma, thus this case was diagnosed to be a mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation. To best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ganglioneuroblastoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma.
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Schipper MH, van Duinen SG, Taphoorn MJ, Kloet A, Walchenbach R, Wiggenraad RG, Vecht CJ. Cerebral ganglioneuroblastoma of adult onset: two patients and a review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2012; 114:529-34. [PMID: 22510501 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioneuroblastoma is a rare tumor variant of neuroblastoma. Only five cases have been observed in the adult brain, and we report here on two more adult patients with cerebral ganglioneuroblastoma. Additionally, a review was carried out on all 50 published adult cases with ganglioneuroblastoma, located in the adrenal gland (9), mediastinum (8), retroperitoneal area (7), the brain parenchyma (7), or the spinal cord (3). Median age at onset was 39 years, and 52% of patients were female. For extracranial locations, treatment usually consisted of surgery followed by radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Of the cases with cerebral involvement only one patient did not receive any treatment. The other six patients underwent surgical resection and radiation therapy, in four cases followed by chemotherapy with temozolomide. The median survival of cerebral ganglioneuroblastomas was 14 months and did not differ from the whole group of ganglioneuroblastomas (12 months). For cerebral ganglioneuroblastoma, the preferred regimen would seem to be neurosurgical removal, followed by chemoradiotherapy including temozolomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam H Schipper
- Department of Neurology, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
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[Verner-Morrison syndrome revealing a ganglioneuroblastoma in an adult]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 32:282-8. [PMID: 18403149 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2008.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Most vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-producing tumours are from epithelial origin. Tumours derived from the sympathetic nervous system can produce VIP as well. We report here the case of a Verner-Morrison syndrome in a 40-year-old woman revealing a metastatic ganglioneuroblastoma. The diarrhea resolved after the resection of primary tumour and liver metastases. Neuroblastic tumours occur extremely rarely in adults. Thus, the management of these tumours is poorly defined in adults.
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Abstract
MR imaging is used commonly for imaging the adrenal glands. Its high-contrast resolution and multiplanar imaging capability enables the detection and characterization of many adrenal masses. The advent of chemical-shift imaging revolutionized the role of MR imaging in characterizing adrenal masses. In this article, the authors discuss the range of MR appearances of common and uncommon adrenal masses, focusing on the nonfunctioning incidentally discovered mass and its characterization methods. MR imaging is continuously improving. The increasing use of higher strength magnets and the introduction of newer coils, sequences, and techniques will help detect and characterize very small adrenal masses, quantify their fat content, and provide exquisite morphologic images of the gland and its vascular supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hero K Hussain
- Department of Radiology/MRI B2B311, University of Michigan Hospitals, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Rha SE, Byun JY, Jung SE, Chun HJ, Lee HG, Lee JM. Neurogenic tumors in the abdomen: tumor types and imaging characteristics. Radiographics 2003; 23:29-43. [PMID: 12533638 DOI: 10.1148/rg.231025050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a broad spectrum of neurogenic tumors that involve the abdomen. These tumors can be classified as those of (a) ganglion cell origin (ganglioneuromas, ganglioneuroblastomas, neuroblastomas), (b) paraganglionic system origin (pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas), and (c) nerve sheath origin (neurilemmomas, neurofibromas, neurofibromatosis, malignant nerve sheath tumors). Abdominal neurogenic tumors are most commonly located in the retroperitoneum, especially in the paraspinal areas and adrenal glands. All of these tumors except neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas are seen in adult patients. Abdominal neurogenic tumor commonly manifests radiologically as a well-defined, smooth or lobulated mass. Calcification may be seen in all types of neurogenic tumors. The diagnosis of abdominal neurogenic tumor is suggested by the imaging appearance of the lesion, including its location, shape, and internal architecture. Benign and malignant neurogenic tumors are difficult to differentiate unless distant metastatic foci are seen. For malignant tumors, imaging modalities other than computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may be necessary for staging. However, because most neurogenic tumors in adults are benign, CT and MR imaging can be used to develop a differential diagnosis and help determine the immediate local extent of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Rha
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-040, South Korea
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