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Wang YJ, Xie XL, Liu HQ, Tian H, Jiang XY, Zhang JN, Chen SX, Liu T, Wang SL, Zhou X, Jin XX, Liu SM, Jiang HQ. Prostaglandin F 2α synthase promotes oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer through prostaglandin F 2α-dependent and F 2α-independent mechanism. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5452-5470. [PMID: 37900995 PMCID: PMC10600807 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i39.5452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxaliplatin (Oxa) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer (CRC), and Oxa resistance is crucial for treatment failure. Prostaglandin F2α synthase (PGF2α) (PGFS), an enzyme that catalyzes the production of PGF2α, is involved in the proliferation and growth of a variety of tumors. However, the role of PGFS in Oxa resistance in CRC remains unclear. AIM To explore the role and related mechanisms of PGFS in mediating Oxa resistance in CRC. METHODS The PGFS expression level was examined in 37 pairs of CRC tissues and paracancerous tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression or knockdown of PGFS was performed in CRC cell lines with acquired Oxa resistance (HCT116-OxR and HCT8-OxR) and their parental cell lines (HCT116 and HCT8) to assess its influence on cell proliferation, chemoresistance, apoptosis, and DNA damage. For determination of the underlying mechanisms, CRC cells were examined for platinum-DNA adducts and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the presence of a PGFS inhibitor or its products. RESULTS Both the protein and mRNA levels of PGFS were increased in the 37 examined CRC tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues. Oxa induced PGFS expression in the parental HCT116 and HCT8 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, overexpression of PGFS in parental CRC cells significantly attenuated Oxa-induced proliferative suppression, apoptosis, and DNA damage. In contrast, knockdown of PGFS in Oxa-resistant HCT116 and HCT8 cells (HCT116-OxR and HCT8-OxR) accentuated the effect of Oxa treatment in vitro and in vivo. The addition of the PGFS inhibitor indomethacin enhanced the cytotoxicity caused by Oxa. Treatment with the PGFS-catalyzed product PGF2α reversed the effect of PGFS knockdown on Oxa sensitivity. Interestingly, PGFS inhibited the formation of platinum-DNA adducts in a PGF2α-independent manner. PGF2α exerts its protective effect against DNA damage by reducing ROS levels. CONCLUSION PGFS promotes resistance to Oxa in CRC via both PGF2α-dependent and PGF2α-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hong-Qun Liu
- Liver Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary T1W0K6, Canada
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiu-Na Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Sheng-Xiong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shu-Ling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shi-Mao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei Youfu Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hui-Qing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
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Huangteerakul C, Aung HM, Thosapornvichai T, Duangkaew M, Jensen AN, Sukrong S, Ingkaninan K, Jensen LT. Chemical-Genetic Interactions of Bacopa monnieri Constituents in Cells Deficient for the DNA Repair Endonuclease RAD1 Appear Linked to Vacuolar Disruption. Molecules 2021; 26:1207. [PMID: 33668176 PMCID: PMC7956252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common cancer worldwide and reduced expression of the DNA repair endonuclease XPF (xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F) is associated with colorectal cancer. Bacopa monnieri extracts were previously found to exhibit chemical-genetic synthetic lethal effects in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model of colorectal cancer lacking Rad1p, a structural and functional homologue of human XPF. However, the mechanisms for B. monnieri extracts to limit proliferation and promote an apoptosis-like event in RAD1 deleted yeast was not elucidated. Our current analysis has revealed that B. monnieri extracts have the capacity to promote mutations in rad1∆ cells. In addition, the effects of B. monnieri extracts on rad1∆ yeast is linked to disruption of the vacuole, similar to the mammalian lysosome. The absence of RAD1 in yeast sensitizes cells to the effects of vacuole disruption and the release of proteases. The combined effect of increased DNA mutations and release of vacuolar contents appears to induce an apoptosis-like event that is dependent on the meta-caspase Yca1p. The toxicity of B. monnieri extracts is linked to sterol content, suggesting saponins may be involved in limiting the proliferation of yeast cells. Analysis of major constituents from B. monnieri identified a chemical-genetic interaction between bacopasaponin C and rad1∆ yeast. Bacopasaponin C may have potential as a drug candidate or serve as a model for the development of analogs for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chananya Huangteerakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.H.); (H.M.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Hsu Mon Aung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.H.); (H.M.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Thitipa Thosapornvichai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.H.); (H.M.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Marisa Duangkaew
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Amornrat Naranuntarat Jensen
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Research Unit of DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Laran T. Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (C.H.); (H.M.A.); (T.T.)
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Vaughn CM, Selby CP, Yang Y, Hsu DS, Sancar A. Genome-wide single-nucleotide resolution of oxaliplatin-DNA adduct repair in drug-sensitive and -resistant colorectal cancer cell lines. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7584-7594. [PMID: 32299912 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapies, including oxaliplatin, are a mainstay in the management of solid tumors and induce cell death by forming intrastrand dinucleotide DNA adducts. Despite their common use, they are highly toxic, and approximately half of cancer patients have tumors that are either intrinsically resistant or develop resistance. Previous studies suggest that this resistance is mediated by variations in DNA repair levels or net drug influx. Here, we aimed to better define the roles of nucleotide excision repair and DNA damage in platinum chemotherapy resistance by profiling DNA damage and repair efficiency in seven oxaliplatin-sensitive and three oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines. We assayed DNA repair indirectly as toxicity and directly measured bulky adduct formation and removal from the genome by slot blot and repair capacity in an excision assay, and used excision repair sequencing (XR-seq) to map repair events genome-wide at single-nucleotide resolution. Using this combinatorial approach and proxies for oxaliplatin-DNA damage, we observed no significant differences in repair efficiency that could explain the relative sensitivities and chemotherapy resistances of these cell lines. In contrast, the levels of oxaliplatin-induced DNA damage were significantly lower in the resistant cells, indicating that decreased damage formation, rather than increased damage repair, is a major determinant of oxaliplatin resistance in these cell lines. XR-seq-based analysis of gene expression revealed up-regulation of membrane transport pathways in the resistant cells, and these pathways may contribute to resistance. In conclusion, additional research is needed to characterize the factors mitigating cellular DNA damage formation by platinum compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Vaughn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7260
| | - Christopher P Selby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7260
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7260
| | - David S Hsu
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Aziz Sancar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7260
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Aung HM, Huangteerakul C, Panvongsa W, Jensen AN, Chairoungdua A, Sukrong S, Jensen LT. Interrogation of ethnomedicinal plants for synthetic lethality effects in combination with deficiency in the DNA repair endonuclease RAD1 using a yeast cell-based assay. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 223:10-21. [PMID: 29777901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plant materials used in this study were selected based on the ethnobotanical literature. Plants have either been utilized by Thai practitioners as alternative treatments for cancer or identified to exhibit anti-cancer properties. AIM OF THE STUDY To screen ethnomedicinal plants using a yeast cell-based assay for synthetic lethal interactions with cells deleted for RAD1, the yeast homologue of human ERCC4 (XPF) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethanolic extracts from thirty-two species of medicinal plants utilized in Thai traditional medicine were screened for synthetic lethal/sick interactions using a yeast cell-based assay. Cell growth was compared between the parental strain and rad1∆ yeast following exposure to select for specific toxicity of plant extracts. Candidate extracts were further examined for the mode of action using genetic and biochemical approaches. RESULTS Screening a library of ethanolic extracts from medicinal plants identified Bacopa monnieri and Colubrina asiatica as having synthetic lethal effects in the rad1∆ cells but not the parental strain. Synthetic lethal effects for B. monneiri extracts were more apparent and this plant was examined further. Genetic analysis indicates that pro-oxidant activities and defective excision repair pathways do not significantly contribute to enhanced sensitivity to B. monneiri extracts. Exposure to B. monneiri extracts resulted in nuclear fragmentation and elevated levels of ethidium bromide staining in rad1∆ yeast suggesting promotion of an apoptosis-like event. Growth inhibition also observed in the human Caco-2 cell line suggesting the effects of B. monnieri extracts on both yeast and human cells may be similar. CONCLUSIONS B. monneiri extracts may have utility in treatment of colorectal cancers that exhibit deficiency in ERCC4 (XPF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu Mon Aung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Wittaya Panvongsa
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amornrat N Jensen
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arthit Chairoungdua
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Laran T Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok Thailand.
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