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Beltrán Hernández I, Grinwis GC, Di Maggio A, van Bergen en Henegouwen PM, Hennink WE, Teske E, Hesselink JW, van Nimwegen SA, Mol JA, Oliveira S. Nanobody-targeted photodynamic therapy for the treatment of feline oral carcinoma: a step towards translation to the veterinary clinic. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3075-3087. [PMID: 36405501 PMCID: PMC9646246 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanobody-targeted photodynamic therapy (NB-PDT) has been developed as a potent and tumor-selective treatment, using nanobodies (NBs) to deliver a photosensitizer (PS) specifically to cancer cells. Upon local light application, reactive oxygen species are formed and consequent cell death occurs. NB-PDT has preclinically shown evident success and we next aim to treat cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which has very limited therapeutic options and is regarded as a natural model of human head and neck SCC. Immunohistochemistry of feline OSCC tissue confirmed that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a relevant target with expression in cancer cells and not in the surrounding stroma. Three feline OSCC cell lines were employed together with a well-characterized human cancer cell line (HeLa), all with similar EGFR expression, and a low EGFR-expressing human cell line (MCF7), mirroring the EGFR expression level in the surrounding mucosal stroma. NBA was identified as a NB binding human and feline EGFR with comparable high affinity. This NB was developed into NiBh, a NB-PS conjugate with high PS payload able to effectively kill feline OSCC and HeLa cell lines, after illumination. Importantly, the specificity of NB-PDT was confirmed in co-cultures where only the feline OSCC cells were killed while surrounding MCF7 cells were unaffected. Altogether, NiBh can be used for NB-PDT to treat feline OSCC and further advance NB-PDT towards the human clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Beltrán Hernández
- Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CGUtrecht, the Netherlands
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CHUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume C.M. Grinwis
- Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CLUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alessia Di Maggio
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CHUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul M.P. van Bergen en Henegouwen
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CHUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CGUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Teske
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CMUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan W. Hesselink
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CMUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan A. van Nimwegen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CMUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A. Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CMUtrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Oliveira
- Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CGUtrecht, the Netherlands
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CHUtrecht, the Netherlands
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Holt D, Singhal S, Selmic LE. Near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative visualization of tumors. Vet Surg 2020; 49:33-43. [PMID: 31609011 PMCID: PMC11059208 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surgical excision is the foundation of treatment for early-stage solid tumors in man and companion animals. Complete excision with appropriate margins of surrounding tumor-free tissue is crucial to survival. Intraoperative imaging allows real-time visualization of tumors, assessment of surgical margins, and, potentially, lymph nodes and satellite metastatic lesions, allowing surgeons to perform complete tumor resections while sparing surrounding vital anatomic structures. This Review will focus on the use of near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography for intraoperative tumor visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Holt
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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Efficacy of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Photodynamic Detection and Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040495. [PMID: 30959982 PMCID: PMC6520946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a commonly used photosensitizer in photodynamic detection (PDD) and therapy (PDT), is converted in situ to the established photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) via the heme biosynthetic pathway. To extend 5-ALA-PDT application, we evaluated the PpIX fluorescence induced by exogenous 5-ALA in various veterinary tumors and treated canine and feline tumors. 5-ALA-PDD sensitivity and specificity in the whole sample group for dogs and cats combined were 89.5 and 50%, respectively. Notably, some small tumors disappeared upon 5-ALA-PDT. Although single PDT application was not curative, repeated PDT+/−chemotherapy achieved long-term tumor control. We analyzed the relationship between intracellular PpIX concentration and 5-ALA-PDT in vitro cytotoxicity using various primary tumor cells and determined the correlation between intracellular PpIX concentration and 5-ALA transporter and metabolic enzyme mRNA expression levels. 5-ALA-PDT cytotoxicity in vitro correlated with intracellular PpIX concentration in carcinomas. Ferrochelatase mRNA expression levels strongly negatively correlated with PpIX accumulation, representing the first report of a correlation between mRNA expression related to PpIX accumulation and PpIX concentration in canine tumor cells. Our findings suggested that the results of 5-ALA-PDD might be predictive for 5-ALA-PDT therapeutic effects for carcinomas, with 5-ALA-PDT plus chemotherapy potentially increasing the probability of tumor control in veterinary medicine.
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Yamashita M, Osaki T, Sunden Y, Takahashi K, Ishizuka M, Tanaka T, Li L, Okamoto Y. Photodynamic detection of a canine glioblastoma using 5-aminolevulinic acid. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 61:516-519. [PMID: 30351464 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic detection using 5-aminolevulinic acid has been used to identify the surgical margins during resection of human primary brain tumours. Although there are some reports on its use in malignant tumours in veterinary medicine, it has never been used for primary brain tumours. Here we describe a canine glioblastoma that was detected at autopsy with protoporphyrin IX fluorescence induced by orally administered 5-aminolevulinic acid. The fluorescence was strongest towards the centre of the lesion and was absent in normal brain tissue. Moreover, the fluorescence findings were consistent with MRI and histopathological findings. Our findings suggest that photodynamic detection using 5-aminolevulinic acid might be useful for intraoperative fluorescence-guided resection of malignant gliomas in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamashita
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - T Osaki
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Y Sunden
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - K Takahashi
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - M Ishizuka
- †SBI Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- †SBI Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Li
- ‡Department of Bio- and Material Photonics, Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Chitose, Hokkaido, 066-8655, Japan
| | - Y Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
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Dobson J, de Queiroz GF, Golding JP. Photodynamic therapy and diagnosis: Principles and comparative aspects. Vet J 2018; 233:8-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Rowe EA, Mathews KG, Linder KE, Tate LP. The effect of photodynamic therapy on cisterna chyli patency in rats. Vet Surg 2014; 43:642-9. [PMID: 24909350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To radiographically and histologically evaluate the effects of photodynamic therapy on the cisterna chyli in rats. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. ANIMALS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 60). METHODS Cecal lymph nodes were injected with the photodynamic compound verteporfin. A 690 nm, 500 mW diode laser was then directed at the area of the cisterna chyli for either 0, 1.5, or 3 minutes. Cisterna chyli patency was evaluated using lymphography, and histologic changes were evaluated on postoperative Days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. RESULTS Histologically, minimal to marked injury to the cisternal and/or pericisternal tissues was present in all treated rats at all time periods. Radiographically, 8/20 cisternae were occluded in the 1.5-minute treatment group (including 1/4 on Day 1, 2/4 on Day 3, 3/4 on Day 5, 0/4 on Day 7, and 2/4 on Day 14), and 9/20 cisternae were occluded in the 3-minute treatment group (including 0/4 on Day 1, 1/4 on Day 3, 3/4 on Day 5, 3/4 on Day 7, and 2/4 on Day 14). There was minimal to no histologic evidence of tissue injury in control rats. All control cisternae were radiographically open. CONCLUSIONS Further investigations into the timing of laser application and light dose, or alternative photodynamic agents are required to limit injury to adjacent tissues and to improve the effectiveness of cisternal photoablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Rowe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Saboktakin MR, Tabatabaee RM. The novel polymeric systems for photodynamic therapy technique. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:398-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kaye ME, Thamm DH, Weishaar K, Lawrence JA. Vinorelbine rescue therapy for dogs with primary urinary bladder carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 13:443-51. [PMID: 23981116 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumour activity and toxicoses of vinorelbine as a palliative rescue therapy for dogs with primary urinary bladder carcinoma. Thirteen dogs refractory to prior chemotherapeutics and one dog naïve to chemotherapeutic treatment were enrolled. Vinorelbine (15 mg m(-2) IV) was administered intravenously along with concurrent oral anti-inflammatory drugs, if tolerated. A median of six doses of vinorelbine (range: 1-16) was administered. Two dogs (14%) had partial responses, and eight (57%) experienced stable disease. Subjective improvement in clinical signs was noted in 11 dogs (78%). Adverse events were mild and primarily haematological in nature. Median time to progression was 93 days (range: 20-239 days). Median survival time for all dogs was 187 days; median survival for 13 pre-treated dogs was 207 days. Vinorelbine may have utility in the management of canine primary urinary bladder carcinoma and should be evaluated in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Kaye
- Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | - D H Thamm
- The Animal Cancer Center, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Collins, CO, USA
| | - K Weishaar
- The Animal Cancer Center, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Collins, CO, USA
| | - J A Lawrence
- Department of Small Animal Medicine & Surgery, University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA.,Current address: Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Buchholz J, Walt H. Veterinary photodynamic therapy: a review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:342-7. [PMID: 24284083 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Whereas in human medicine photodynamic therapy represents a well-known and recognized treatment option for diverse indications, it is still little known and unfortunately not yet established treatment option for pets. Various photosensitizers and light sources have been used and clinical results have been published. The main indication is a frequently occurring skin tumor in cats: in situ carcinoma/squamous cell carcinoma, mainly found in not or only slightly pigmented areas of the head. For early stages of this tumor, promising results have been published, partly using new, selective drugs to decrease light sensitivity after systemic administration and to increase response rates. Other possible indications are urinary tract neoplasia of dogs and equine sarcoids, the latter representing very common tumors in horses where no effective treatment is known so far. This review article summarizes the role of photodynamic therapy in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Buchholz
- Animal Oncology and Imaging Center, Rothussstrasse 2, CH-6331 Huenenberg, Switzerland.
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Borgatti-Jeffreys A, Hooser SB, Miller MA, Lucroy MD. Phase I clinical trial of the use of zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2007; 68:399-404. [PMID: 17397295 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.68.4.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the threshold for acute toxicosis of parenterally administered zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (ZnPcS(4)), a candidate second-generation photosensitizer, in mice and evaluate the compound's safety in a phase I clinical trial of ZnPcS(4)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) in pet dogs with naturally occurring tumors. ANIMALS Male Swiss-Webster mice and client-owned dogs with naturally occurring neoplasms. PROCEDURES For the study of acute toxicosis, mice were given graded doses of ZnPcS(4). To determine safety, a rapid-titration phase I clinical trial of ZnPcS(4)-based PDT in tumor-bearing dogs was conducted. RESULTS In mice, administration of >or= 100 mg of ZnPcS(4)/kg resulted in renal tubular necrosis 24 hours after IP injection. In tumor-bearing dogs, ZnPcS(4) doses <or= 4 mg/kg induced no signs of toxicosis and resulted in partial to complete tumor responses in 10 of 12 dogs 4 weeks after PDT. Tumor remission was observed with ZnPcS(4) doses as low as 0.25 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE A conservative starting dose of ZnPcS(4) was arrived at on the basis of mouse toxicosis findings. Zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate-based PDT was tolerated well by all dogs and warrants further study. The identification of the maximum tolerated dose through traditional phase I clinical trials may be unnecessary for evaluating novel PDT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borgatti-Jeffreys
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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