Fixed drug eruption in the genital area in 15 boys

Drug eruptions and the vulva

Drug reactions affecting the vulva are understudied and underreported, with some having the potential to cause serious morbidity through long-term sequelae. We conducted a literature review to investigate the current evidence about vulval drug eruptions. We aimed to establish the extent of drug reactions affecting the vulva, identify the common culprit drugs, and review current evidence and guidelines regarding their management. The vulval involvement seen in Steven-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and fixed drug eruption forms the focus of this review, but we also summarize the current evidence regarding less common reactions.

Acute Genital Swelling Heralding C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency in a Child

A healthy 5-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with an acute genital swelling. He had no relevant family history. His presentation and blood investigations were consistent with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, mostly likely arising de novo. A rare cause of acute genital swelling and its management are discussed.

Blistering Disorders in Children

Bullous disorders in children are challenging as they encompass a wide range of entities. The etiologies range from inherited to acquired disorders. Some of the more common acquired forms include allergic reactions, infections, autoimmune-mediated conditions, and toxin-mediated conditions. Some eruptions are self-limited, whereas others can be life-threatening. Obtaining a careful history, performing a detailed morphologic examination, recognizing when a skin scraping, biopsy, or culture is indicated, and having an understanding of the associated pathophysiology allows one to narrow the differential and ultimately arrive at the correct diagnosis. This review discusses the more commonly acquired bullous eruptions and how to differentiate them.

Cutaneous drug reactions in the pediatric population

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute a major pediatric health problem frequently encountered in clinical practice, and represent a diagnostic challenge. Children are more susceptible than adults to errors in drug dosage because of their smaller body size; moreover, ADRs can mimic other skin diseases of children, especially viral exanthems. Most ADRs with cutaneous involvement are mild and resolve on withdrawal of the causative drug. The most common forms of cutaneous ADRs, maculopapular exanthems and urticarial reactions, have excellent outcomes. Less frequent but more severe reactions may incur a risk of mortality.

Cutaneous reactions to drugs in children

Cutaneous eruptions are a commonly reported adverse drug reaction. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions in the pediatric population have a significant impact on patients' current and future care options. A patient's recollection of having a "rash" when they took a medication as a child is a frequent reason for not prescribing a particular treatment. The quick detection and treatment of cutaneous adverse drug reactions, plus identification of the causative agent, are essential for preventing the progression of the reaction, preventing additional exposures, and ensuring the appropriate use of medications for both the current condition and others as the patient ages. The purpose of this review is to discuss a reasonable approach to recognition and initial management of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in children.

Extensive fixed drug eruption secondary to vancomycin

Fixed drug eruption is an infrequent but well-known adverse event most commonly associated with antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. We herein describe a second reported instance of vancomycin-induced fixed drug eruption involving an extensive area of the body surface.