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Park S, Cho ES, Kim CH, Lee S, Jeong YD, Park M, Kim D, Seo D, Kim YH, Hochi S, Choi I, Chung HJ. Detection of sow pregnancy in day-20 urine samples using monoclonal antibody against synthesized porcine early pregnancy factor: Preliminary results. Theriogenology 2024; 229:23-29. [PMID: 39142067 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of pregnancy is directly related to cost-effective livestock production. We produced a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) against synthesized porcine early pregnancy factor (pEPF) using conventional hybridoma technology and used it as a tool for the detection of early pregnancy in Duroc sows. The rat pEPF-mAb showed reactivity to uterine tissues of pregnant sows 20 or 30 days post-mating (day 0 defined as the day of mating) and non-pregnant sows (confirmed signs of estrus) in western blotting. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that pEPF was located in the stromal and grand epithelial tissues of pregnant sows 20 or 30 days post-mating. In the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, pEPF expression in urine and blood showed similar results, with the highest expression observed in pregnant sows 20 days post-mating, whereas there was no significant difference in expression levels between non-pregnant sows and pregnant sows 30 days post-mating. The pEPF-mAb-based pregnancy diagnostic kit can be applied to pig urine samples non-invasively collected at 20 days post-mating with 70 % accuracy. Further improvements to the kit's diagnostic performance may lead to substantial benefits for the swine industry, facilitating more efficient and accurate reproductive management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Park
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, 31000, Republic of Korea; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-si, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Hyun Kim
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Jeong
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghum Park
- R&D Center, TNT Research Co., Sejeong-si, 30141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Kim
- R&D Center, TNT Research Co., Sejeong-si, 30141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Seo
- R&D Center, TNT Research Co., Sejeong-si, 30141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ho Kim
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinichi Hochi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Inchul Choi
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-si, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hak-Jae Chung
- R&D Center, TNT Research Co., Sejeong-si, 30141, Republic of Korea.
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Ghaffari Laleh V, Ghaffari Laleh R, Pirany N, Moghadaszadeh Ahrabi M. Measurement of EPF for detection of cow pregnancy using rosette inhibition test. Theriogenology 2008; 70:105-7. [PMID: 18433850 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early embryonic death of calves due to sub-fertility in cows is of great economic concern to dairy industry. Early pregnancy factor (EPF) is a secretory protein with pregnancy associated immunosuppressive properties. Rosette inhibition test (RIT) was used to detect EPF in inseminated dairy cows. Blood samples were collected at two intervals, 1-3 and 5-7 days after insemination from 23 inseminated and 18 non-inseminated control cows for RIT and pregnancy diagnosis performed between 42 and 45 days on palpation. The study indicates that RIT (P<0.05) has the potential to distinguish pregnant from non-pregnant dairy cows in the first week of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ghaffari Laleh
- Young Researchers Club of Tabriz, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
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Cruz YP, Morton H, Cavanagh AC, Selwood L, Wilson SD, Sasaki M. Early pregnancy factor in marsupials. AUST J ZOOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1071/zo05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Maternal recognition of pregnancy in marsupials occurs in more subtle ways than it does in eutherians. For instance, unlike in eutherians, the plasma progesterone profiles of pregnant and non-pregnant animals are similar during the luteal phase. It is typically during the brief luteal phase that both gestation and parturition occur in marsupials. Yet histological and physiological changes have been documented between gravid and non-gravid uteri in certain monovular marsupials and between pregnant and non-pregnant animals in polyovular marsupials. Early pregnancy factor (EPF), a 10.8-kDa serum protein known to be homologous to chaperonin 10, is associated with maternal immunosuppression, embryonic development and pregnancy in eutherian mammals. It has been reported in two Australian marsupials: the dasyurid Sminthopsis macroura and the phalangerid Trichosurus vulpecula. This paper documents its occurrence in the New World didelphid Monodelphis domestica. EPF is detectable by rosette inhibition assay in the peripheral circulation of pregnant but not of non-pregnant or pseudopregnant animals. Our work focuses on the embryo–maternal signalling role of EPF during pregnancy. Because progesterone-driven changes are similar in pregnant and non-pregnant marsupials, these animals are an excellent laboratory model in which to investigate the role of EPF in orchestrating the physiological changes necessary to sustain pregnancy.
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