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Doddipatla S, He C, Goettl SJ, Kaiser RI, Galvão BRL, Millar TJ. Nonadiabatic reaction dynamics to silicon monosulfide (SiS): A key molecular building block to sulfur-rich interstellar grains. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/26/eabg7003. [PMID: 34172450 PMCID: PMC8232914 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur- and silicon-containing molecules are omnipresent in interstellar and circumstellar environments, but their elementary formation mechanisms have been obscure. These routes are of vital significance in starting a chain of chemical reactions ultimately forming (organo) sulfur molecules-among them precursors to sulfur-bearing amino acids and grains. Here, we expose via laboratory experiments, computations, and astrochemical modeling that the silicon-sulfur chemistry can be initiated through the gas-phase reaction of atomic silicon with hydrogen sulfide leading to silicon monosulfide (SiS) via nonadiabatic reaction dynamics. The facile pathway to the simplest silicon and sulfur diatomic provides compelling evidence for the origin of silicon monosulfide in star-forming regions and aids our understanding of the nonadiabatic reaction dynamics, which control the outcome of the gas-phase formation in deep space, thus expanding our view about the life cycle of sulfur in the galaxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Doddipatla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Chao He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Shane J Goettl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Breno R L Galvão
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Av. Amazonas 5253, 30421-169 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Tom J Millar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK.
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2
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Rizzo JR, Cernicharo J, Garoía-Miró C. SiO, 29SiO, and 30SiO emission from 67 oxygen-rich stars. A survey of 61 maser lines from 7 to 1 mm. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2021; 253:44. [PMID: 33854258 PMCID: PMC7610587 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/abe469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Circumstellar environments of oxygen-rich stars are among the strongest SiO maser emitters. Physical processes such as collisions, infrared pumping and overlaps favors the inversion of level population and produce maser emission at different vibrational states. Despite numerous observational and theoretical efforts, we still do not have an unified picture including all the physical processes involved in the SiO maser emission. The aim of this work is to provide homogeneous data in a large sample of oxygen-rich stars. We present a survey of 67 oxygen-rich stars from 7 to 1 mm, in their rotational transitions from J = 1 → 0 to J = 5 → 4, for vibrational numbers v from 0 to 6 in the three main SiO isotopologues. We have used one of the 34 m NASA antennas at Robledo and the IRAM 30 m radio telescope. The first tentative detection of a v = 6 line is reported, as well as the detection of new maser lines. The highest vibrational levels seem confined to small volumes, presumably close to the stars. The J = 1 → 0, v = 2 line flux is greater than the corresponding v = 1 in almost half of the sample, which may confirm a predicted dependence on the pulsation cycle. This database is potentially useful in models which should consider most of the physical agents, time dependency, and mass-loss rates. As by-product, we report detections of 27 thermal rotational lines from other molecules, including isotopologues of SiS, H2S, SO, SO2, and NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Rizzo
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Ctra. M-108, km. 4, E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
- ISDEFE, Beatriz de Bobadilla 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cernicharo
- Grupo de Astrofísica Molecular, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/ Serrano 121, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Garoía-Miró
- Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE), Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
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Price TJ, Forrey RC, Yang B, Stancil PC. Fine-structure resolved rovibrational transitions for SO + H 2 collisions. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:034301. [PMID: 33499617 DOI: 10.1063/5.0036964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross sections and rate coefficients for sulfur monoxide (SO) + H2 collisions are calculated using a full six-dimensional (6D) potential energy surface (PES). The coupled states (CS) approximation is used to compute fine-structure resolved cross sections for rovibrational transitions between states with v = 0-2, where v is the vibrational quantum number of the SO molecule. The CS calculations for Δv = 1 are benchmarked against close-coupling (CC) results for spin-free interactions. For Δv = 0, the present fine-structure resolved CS results are benchmarked against existing CC results obtained with a rigid rotor approximation. In both cases, the agreement is found to be satisfactory, which suggests that the present results may provide reliable estimates for fine-structure resolved rovibrational transitions. These estimates are the first of their kind based on a full 6D PES. Rate coefficients are reported for temperatures between 10 K and 3000 K for both para- and ortho-H2 colliders. A comparison of the para-H2 rates with mass-scaled results for He shows substantial differences that may be important in astrophysical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri J Price
- Department of Physics, Penn State University, Berks Campus, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610-6009, USA
| | - Robert C Forrey
- Department of Physics, Penn State University, Berks Campus, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610-6009, USA
| | - Benhui Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for Simulational Physics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Phillip C Stancil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Center for Simulational Physics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Fonfría JP, Montiel EJ, Cernicharo J, DeWitt CN, Richter MJ. Detection of infrared fluorescence of carbon dioxide in R Leonis with SOFIA/EXES. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2020; 643:L15. [PMID: 33239827 PMCID: PMC7116412 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the detection of hot CO2 in the O-rich AGB star R Leo based on high spectral resolution observations in the range 12.8 - 14.3 μm carried out with the Echelon-cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) mounted on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). We have found ≃ 240 CO2 emission lines in several vibrational bands. These detections were possible thanks to a favorable Doppler shift that allowed us to avoid contamination by telluric CO2 features. The highest excitation lines involve levels at an energy of ≃ 7000 K. The detected lines are narrow (average deconvolved width ≃ 2.5 km s-1) and weak (usually ≲ 10% the continuum). A ro-vibrational diagram shows that there are three different populations, warm, hot, and very hot, with rotational temperatures of ≃ 550, 1150, and 1600 K, respectively. From this diagram, we derive a lower limit for the column density of ≃ 2.2 × 1016 cm-2. Further calculations based on a model of the R Leo envelope suggest that the total column density can be as large as 7 × 1017 cm -2 and the abundance with respect to H2 - 2.5 × 10-5. The detected lines are probably formed due to de-excitation of CO2 molecules from high energy vibrational states, which are essentially populated by the strong R Leo continuum at 2.7 and 4.2 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fonfría
- Molecular Astrophysics Group, Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, C/ Serrano, 123, 28006, Madrid (Spain)
| | - E J Montiel
- SOFIA-USRA, NASA Ames Research Center, MS 232-12, Moffett Field, CA 94035 (USA)
| | - J Cernicharo
- Molecular Astrophysics Group, Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, C/ Serrano, 123, 28006, Madrid (Spain)
| | - C N DeWitt
- SOFIA-USRA, NASA Ames Research Center, MS 232-12, Moffett Field, CA 94035 (USA)
| | - M J Richter
- Physics Dept. - UC Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
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Massalkhi S, Agúndez M, Cernicharo J, Velilla-Prieto L. The abundance of S- and Si-bearing molecules in O-rich circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2020; 641:A57. [PMID: 33154600 PMCID: PMC7116315 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202037900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aim to determine the abundances of SiO, CS, SiS, SO, and SO2 in a large sample of oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) envelopes covering a wide range of mass loss rates to investigate the potential role that these molecules could play in the formation of dust in these environments. METHODS We surveyed a sample of 30 oxygen-rich AGB stars in the λ 2 mm band using the IRAM 30m telescope. We performed excitation and radiative transfer calculations based on the large velocity gradient (LVG) method to model the observed lines of the molecules and to derive their fractional abundances in the observed envelopes. RESULTS We detected SiO in all 30 targeted envelopes, as well as CS, SiS, SO, and SO2 in 18, 13, 26, and 19 sources, respectively. Remarkably, SiS is not detected in any envelope with a mass loss rate below 10-6 M⊙ yr-1, whereas it is detected in all envelopes with mass loss rates above that threshold. From a comparison with a previous, similar study on C-rich sources, it becomes evident that the fractional abundances of CS and SiS show a marked differentiation between C-rich and O-rich sources, being two orders of magnitude and one order of magnitude more abundant in C-rich sources, respectively, while the fractional abundance of SiO turns out to be insensitive to the C/O ratio. The abundance of SiO in O-rich envelopes behaves similarly to C-rich sources, that is, the denser the envelope the lower its abundance. A similar trend, albeit less clear than for SiO, is observed for SO in O-rich sources. CONCLUSIONS The marked dependence of CS and SiS abundances on the C/O ratio indicates that these two molecules form more efficiently in C- than O-rich envelopes. The decline in the abundance of SiO with increasing envelope density and the tentative one for SO indicate that SiO and possibly SO act as gas-phase precursors of dust in circumstellar envelopes around O-rich AGB stars.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Massalkhi
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/ Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Agúndez
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/ Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cernicharo
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/ Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Velilla-Prieto
- Dpt. of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92 Onsala, Sweden
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Yang B, Zhang P, Qu C, Stancil P, Bowman J, Balakrishnan N, Forrey R. Full-dimensional quantum dynamics of SO(X3Σ-) in collision with H2. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Syme AM, Mousley A, Cunningham M, McKemmish LK. Diatomic Rovibronic Transitions as Potential Probes for Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio Across Cosmological Time. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Astrophysical molecular spectroscopy is an important method of searching for new physics through probing the variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ, with existing constraints limiting variation to a fractional change of less than 10−17per year. To improve on this constraint and therefore provide better guidance to theories of new physics, new molecular probes will be useful. These probes must have spectral transitions that are observable astrophysically and have different sensitivities to variation in the proton-to-electron mass ratio. Here, we concisely detail how the set of potential molecular probes and promising sensitive transitions is constrained based on how the frequency and intensity of these transitions align with available telescopes. Our detailed investigation focuses on rovibronic transitions in astrophysical diatomic molecules, using the spectroscopic models of 11 diatomics to identify sensitive transitions and probe how they generally arise in real complex molecules with many electronic states and fine structure. While none of the 11 diatomics investigated have sensitive transitions likely to be astrophysically observable, we have found that at high temperatures (1000K) five of these diatomics have a significant number of low intensity sensitive transitions arising from an accidental near-degeneracy between vibrational levels in the ground and excited electronic states. This insight enables screening of all astrophysical diatomics as potential probes of proton-to-electron mass variation, with CN, CP, SiN and SiC being the most promising candidates for further investigation for sensitivity in rovibronic transitions.
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Massalkhi S, Agúndez M, Cernicharo J. Study of CS, SiO, and SiS abundances in carbon star envelopes: Assessing their role as gas-phase precursors of dust. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2019; 628:A62. [PMID: 31511746 PMCID: PMC6739229 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aim to determine the abundances of CS, SiO, and SiS in a large sample of carbon star envelopes covering a wide range of mass loss rates to investigate the potential role that these molecules could play in the formation of dust in the surroundings of the central AGB star. METHODS We surveyed a sample of 25 carbon-rich AGB stars in the λ 2 mm band, more concretely in the J = 3 - 2 line of CS and SiO, and in the J = 7 - 6 and J = 8 - 7 lines of SiS, using the IRAM 30 m telescope. We performed excitation and radiative transfer calculations based on the large velocity gradient (LVG) method to model the observed lines of the molecules and to derive their fractional abundances in the observed envelopes. We also assessed the effect of infrared pumping in the excitation of the molecules. RESULTS We detected CS in all 25 targeted envelopes, SiO in 24 of them, and SiS in 17 sources. Remarkably, SiS is not detected in any envelope with a mass loss rate below 10-6 M⊙ yr-1 while it is detected in all envelopes with mass loss rates above that threshold. We found that CS and SiS have similar abundances in carbon star envelopes, while SiO is present with a lower abundance. We also found a strong correlation in which the denser the envelope, the less abundant are CS and SiO. The trend is however only tentatively seen for SiS in the range of high mass loss rates. Furthermore, we found a relation in which the integrated flux of the MgS dust feature at 30 μm increases as the fractional abundance of CS decreases. CONCLUSIONS The decline in the fractional abundance of CS with increasing density could be due to gas-phase chemistry in the inner envelope or to adsorption onto dust grains. The latter possibility is favored by a correlation between the CS fractional abundance and the 30 μm feature, which suggests that CS is efficiently incorporated onto MgS dust around C-rich AGB stars. In the case of SiO, the observed abundance depletion with increasing density is most likely caused by an efficient incorporation onto dust grains. We conclude that CS, SiO (very likely), and SiS (tentatively) are good candidates to act as gas-phase precursors of dust in C-rich AGB envelopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Massalkhi
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Agúndez
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cernicharo
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, C/Serrano 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
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Verbena JL, Bujarrabal V, Alcolea J, Gómez-Garrido M, Castro-Carrizo A. Interferometric observations of SiO thermal emission in the inner wind of M-type AGB stars IK Tauri and IRC+10011. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2019; 624:10.1051/0004-6361/201834864. [PMID: 31156253 PMCID: PMC6542683 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201834864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars go through a process of strong mass loss that involves pulsations of the atmosphere, which extends to a region in which the conditions are adequate for dust grains to form. Radiation pressure acts on these grains which, coupled to the gas, drive a massive outflow. The details of this process are not clear, including which molecules are involved in the condensation of dust grains. AIMS We seek to study the role of the SiO molecule in the process of dust formation and mass loss in M-type AGB stars. METHODS Using the IRAM NOEMA interferometer we observed the 28SiO and 29SiO J = 3 - 2, v = 0 emission from the inner circumstellar envelope of the evolved stars IK Tau and IRC+10011. We computed azimuthally averaged emission profiles to compare the observations to models using a molecular excitation and ray-tracing code for SiO thermal emission. RESULTS We observe circular symmetry in the emission distribution. We also find that the source diameter varies only marginally with radial velocity, which is not the expected behaviour for envelopes expanding at an almost constant velocity. The adopted density, velocity, and abundance laws, together with the mass-loss rate, which best fit the observations, give us information concerning the chemical behaviour of the SiO molecule and its role in the dust formation process. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that there is a strong coupling between the depletion of gas-phase SiO and gas acceleration in the inner envelope. This could be explained by the condensation of SiO into dust grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Verbena
- Molecular Astrophysics Group, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/Serrano 123, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), C/Alfonso XII 3, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Bujarrabal
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), Apdo 112, 28803, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alcolea
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), C/Alfonso XII 3, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gómez-Garrido
- Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Centro de Desarrollos Tecnológicos, Observatorio de Yebes, Apdo 148, 19080 Yebes, Spain
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), Apdo 112, 28803, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Castro-Carrizo
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, 38406, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
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Sánchez Contreras C, Alcolea J, Bujarrabal V, Castro-Carrizo A, Prieto LV, Santander-García M, Quintana-Lacaci G, Cernicharo J. Through the magnifying glass: ALMA acute viewing of the intricate nebular architecture of OH231.8+4.2. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2018; 618:A164. [PMID: 30473586 PMCID: PMC6251484 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present continuum and molecular line emission ALMA observations of OH 231.8+4.2, a well studied bipolar nebula around an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star. The high angular resolution ( ∼ 0 · ″ 2 - 0 · ″ 3 ) and sensitivity of our ALMA maps provide the most detailed and accurate description of the overall nebular structure and kinematics of this object to date. We have identified a number of outflow components previously unknown. Species studied in this work include 12CO, 13CO, CS, SO, SO2, QCS, SiO, SiS, H3O+, Na37Cl, and CH3OH. The molecules Na37Cl and CH3OH are first detections in OH 231.8+4.2, with CH3OH being also a first detection in an AGB star. Our ALMA maps bring to light the totally unexpected position of the mass-losing AGB star (QX Pup) relative to the large-scale outflow. QX Pup is enshrouded within a compact (≲60 AU) parcel of dust and gas (clump S) in expansion (V exp~5-7 km s-1) that is displaced by ∼ 0 · ″ 6 to the south of the dense equatorial region (or waist) where the bipolar lobes join. Our SiO maps disclose a compact bipolar outflow that emerges from QX Pup's vicinity. This outflow is oriented similarly to the large-scale nebula but the expansion velocities are about ten times lower (V exp≲35km s-1). We deduce short kinematical ages for the SiO outflow, ranging from ~50-80 yr, in regions within ~150 AU, to ~400-500 yr at the lobe tips (~3500 AU). Adjacent to the SiO outflow, we identify a small-scale hourglass-shaped structure (mini-hourglass) that is probably made of compressed ambient material formed as the SiO outflow penetrates the dense, central regions of the nebula. The lobes and the equatorial waist of the mini-hourglass are both radially expanding with a constant velocity gradient (V exp ∝ r). The mini-waist is characterized by extremely low velocities, down to ~1 km s-1 at ~150 AU, which tentatively suggest the presence of a stable structure. The spatio-kinematics of the large-scale, high-velocity lobes (HV lobes) and the dense equatorial waist (large waist) known from previous works are now precisely determined, indicating that both were shaped nearly simultaneously about ~800-900 yr ago. We report the discovery of two large (~8″×6″), faint bubble-like structures (fish bowls) surrounding the central parts of the nebula. These are relatively old structures although probably slightly (~100-200 yr) younger than the large waist and the HV lobes. We discuss the series of events that may have resulted in the complex array of nebular components found in OH 231.8+4.2 as well as the properties and locus of the central binary system. The presence of ≲80 yr bipolar ejections indicate that the collimated fast wind engine is still active at the core of this outstanding object.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez Contreras
- Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Postal address: ESAC, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, E-28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alcolea
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), Alfonso XII No 3, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Bujarrabal
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), Ap 112, 28803 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Castro-Carrizo
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, 38406 Saint Martin d'Heres, France
| | - L Velilla Prieto
- Instituto de Fisica Fundamental (CSIC), C/ Serrano, 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Santander-García
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), Alfonso XII No 3, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Quintana-Lacaci
- Instituto de Fisica Fundamental (CSIC), C/ Serrano, 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cernicharo
- Instituto de Fisica Fundamental (CSIC), C/ Serrano, 123, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
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11
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New Circumstellar Sources of PO and PN: The Increasing Role of Phosphorus Chemistry in Oxygen-rich Stars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaafc6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Yang B, Zhang P, Qu C, Wang XH, Stancil PC, Bowman JM, Balakrishnan N, McLaughlin BM, Forrey RC. Full-Dimensional Quantum Dynamics of SiO in Collision with H2. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1511-1520. [PMID: 29365271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Yang
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Simulational Physics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - P. Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Chen Qu
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - X. H. Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - P. C. Stancil
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Simulational Physics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - J. M. Bowman
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - N. Balakrishnan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - B. M. McLaughlin
- Centre
for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (CTAMOP), School
of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, The
David Bates Building, 7 College Park, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - R. C. Forrey
- Department
of Physics, Penn State University, Berks Campus, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610, United States
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