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Labrador Fernández L, Pérez-Porras P, Díaz-Maroto MC, Gómez-Plaza E, Pérez-Coello MS, Bautista-Ortín AB. The technology of high-power ultrasound and its effect on the color and aroma of rosé wines. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6616-6624. [PMID: 37254599 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of high-power ultrasound (US) has been studied extensively to obtain value-added red wines using short maceration times. It is a technique of wide interest for the extraction of aromatic compounds and compounds responsible for color, so it could also be an important tool to use in the elaboration process of rosé wines. Thus, this study focused on the effect of the application of US on the phenolic, aromatic, and sensorial profile of rosé wines. For this, three different types of rosé wine were produced: a control with direct pressing after crushing, another wine obtained from a 4 h macerated must, and a wine whose crushed and destemmed grape was sonicated and subsequently pressed. RESULTS The results showed a higher color intensity and a higher total polyphenol and anthocyanin content in the wine obtained from sonicated grape compared to both control wine and that obtained from grape macerated for 4 h. Ultrasound treatment enhanced the extraction of varietal volatile compounds in must, especially the free faction of terpenes and norisoprenoids. It also gave rise to wines with a higher concentration of C6 alcohols and other compounds such as guaiacol and 4-vinylguaiacol, but led to fewer fatty acids, especially C6, C4 and C8 acids. Sensorially these wines showed intense aromas of red fruits and flowers, while no defects in aroma or astringency were found. CONCLUSIONS The color and sensory profile of the resulting wines indicate that the US may be an interesting tool for obtaining quality rosé wines, replacing the maceration stage and reducing potential oxidation problems. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Labrador Fernández
- Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Paula Pérez-Porras
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Consuelo Díaz-Maroto
- Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Encarna Gómez-Plaza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Soledad Pérez-Coello
- Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Bautista-Ortín
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Guerrini S, Barbato D, Mangani S, Ganucci D, Buscioni G, Galli V, Triossi A, Granchi L. Management of in-Amphora "Trebbiano Toscano" Wine Production: Selection of Indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains and Influence on the Phenolic and Sensory Profile. Foods 2023; 12:2372. [PMID: 37372582 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of earthenware amphorae in winemaking can give wines unique attributes enhancing their typicity. Therefore, in this study, spontaneous and inoculated in-amphora fermentations of Trebbiano Toscano grape must were monitored to assess the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains occurring in each fermentation as well as the chemical characteristics of the wines. Strain typing via Interdelta analyses pointed out that the commercial starters did not dominate, showing 24% and 13% implantation percentages, and that 20 indigenous strains were present at different percentages, ranging from 2 to 20%, in inoculated and spontaneous fermentations. The assessment of the technical characteristics of the indigenous strains via fermentations at lab and pilot scale (20 L amphorae) and the sensory analysis of the experimental wines allowed for the selection of two indigenous strains to be used as starter cultures in comparison to a commercial strain in 300-L-amphorae vinifications in the cellar. The observed fermentative performances and sensory analysis of the experimental wines highlighted that one indigenous S. cerevisiae strain dominated the process and conferred distinctive sensory characteristics to the Trebbiano Toscano wine, demonstrating its effectiveness in managing the in-amphora fermentations. In addition, the results demonstrated the ability of amphorae to protect the polyphenolic compounds from oxidation during wine ageing. Indeed, the concentration of both hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols decreased, with an average reduction of 30% and 14%, respectively, while hydroxybenzoic acids remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Guerrini
- FoodMicroTeam s.r.l., Academic Spin-Off of the University of Florence, via Santo Spirito, 14-50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Damiano Barbato
- FoodMicroTeam s.r.l., Academic Spin-Off of the University of Florence, via Santo Spirito, 14-50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Mangani
- FoodMicroTeam s.r.l., Academic Spin-Off of the University of Florence, via Santo Spirito, 14-50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Donatella Ganucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via San Bonaventura, 13-50145 Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Buscioni
- FoodMicroTeam s.r.l., Academic Spin-Off of the University of Florence, via Santo Spirito, 14-50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Viola Galli
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via San Bonaventura, 13-50145 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Granchi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via San Bonaventura, 13-50145 Florence, Italy
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Egaña-Juricic ME, Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Moreno-Simunovic Y. Making wine in Pañul’s craft pottery vessels: a first approach in the study of the dynamic of alcoholic fermentation and wine volatile composition. CIÊNCIA E TÉCNICA VITIVINÍCOLA 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/ctv/ctv20223701029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Traditional winemaking in amphora-like clay vessels is one of the oldest known methods of wine production. Currently, some wine producers have readopted traditional winemaking methods to generate unique attributes that differentiate their products raising regional wine typicity. The aim of this research was to study the dynamic of alcoholic fermentation and volatile composition of ‘Carignan’ wines fermented into Pañul’s clay vessels and comparing them with the wines vinified into stainless-steel tanks. Density curve of the musts contained in the Pañul’s pottery vessels followed a similar trend than in the samples contained in the stainless-steel tanks. The temperatures of the must and the cap during alcoholic fermentation were lower in the Pañul’s pottery vessels than in the stainless-steel tanks in most of the evaluated days. Thus, clay vessels may provide temperature-regulating properties beneficing wine fermentation compared to stainless-steel tanks. Pañul’s clay vessels produced wines with higher terpenes, β-ionone and 2-phenylethyl alcohol content, and lower values of some individual higher alcohols, isoamyl acetate, lactones, and pH than the stainless-steel tanks. Therefore, the results suggest that Pañul’s pottery vessels favored increasing the terpene alcohols and other volatile compounds concentrations, in addition to decreasing certain higher alcohols and acetate esters contents such as benzyl alcohol and iso-amyl acetate. These outcomes may be of interest to ceramic producers and wine producers since they open a range of economic opportunities to diversify their products.
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Lan Y, Liu M, Zhang X, Li S, Shi Y, Duan C. Regional Variation of Chemical Characteristics in Young Marselan (Vitis vinifera L.) Red Wines from Five Regions of China. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060787. [PMID: 35327212 PMCID: PMC8948681 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental conditions of wine regions determine the flavor characteristics of wine. The characterization of the chemical composition and sensory profiles of young Marselan wines from five wine-producing regions in China was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography–triple-quadrupole MS/MS and descriptive analysis. Young Marselan wines can be successful discriminated based on concentrations of volatile compounds, but not phenolic compounds, by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis according to regions. Compared to Jiaodong Peninsula (JDP) and Bohai Bay (BHB) regions, there were relatively lower average concentrations of varietal volatiles (mainly including β-citronellol, geraniol, and (E)-β-damasenone) and several fermentation aroma compounds (including isoamyl acetate, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, ethyl decanoate, etc.) but higher levels of acetic acid in Xinjiang (XJ), Loess Plateau (LP), and Huaizhuo Basin (HZB) regions, which were related to their characteristic environmental conditions. Marselan wines from HZB, LP, and XJ regions were characterized by lower L values and higher a and Cab values. Marselan wines from XJ were discriminated from the wines from other regions due to their higher concentrations of several flavonols. Sensory analysis indicated that Marselan wines from HZB region were characterized by relatively low intensities of floral and fruity aromas compared to other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Lan
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Changqing Duan
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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Muñoz García R, Oliver Simancas R, Díaz-Maroto MC, Alañón Pardo ME, Pérez-Coello MS. Effect of Microwave Maceration and SO 2 Free Vinification on Volatile Composition of Red Wines. Foods 2021; 10:1164. [PMID: 34067426 PMCID: PMC8224603 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of microwave treatment in grape maceration at laboratory scale on the content of free and glycosidically bound varietal compounds of must and wines and on the overall aroma of wines produced with and without SO2. The volatile compounds were extracted by solid phase extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, carrying out a sensory evaluation of wines by quantitative descriptive analysis. Microwave treatment significantly increased the free and bound fraction of most varietal compounds in the must. Wines from microwave maceration showed faster fermentation kinetics and shorter lag phase, resulting in an increase in some volatile compounds of sensory relevance. The absence of SO2 caused a decrease in concentration of some volatile compounds, mainly fatty acids and esters. The sensory assessment of wines from microwave treatment was higher than the control wine, especially in wines without SO2, which had higher scores in the "red berry" and "floral" odor attributes and a more intense aroma. This indicates that the pre-fermentative treatment of grapes with microwaves could be used to increase the wine aroma and to reduce the occurrence of SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz García
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.M.G.); (R.O.S.); (M.S.P.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Oliver Simancas
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.M.G.); (R.O.S.); (M.S.P.-C.)
| | - María Consuelo Díaz-Maroto
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.M.G.); (R.O.S.); (M.S.P.-C.)
| | - María Elena Alañón Pardo
- Area of Food Technology, Higher Technical School of Agronomic Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - María Soledad Pérez-Coello
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.M.G.); (R.O.S.); (M.S.P.-C.)
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Oliver Simancas R, Díaz-Maroto MC, Alañón Pardo ME, Pérez Porras P, Bautista-Ortín AB, Gómez-Plaza E, Pérez-Coello MS. Effect of Power Ultrasound Treatment on Free and Glycosidically-Bound Volatile Compounds and the Sensorial Profile of Red Wines. Molecules 2021; 26:1193. [PMID: 33672299 PMCID: PMC7926635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents the effect of the application of high-power ultrasound to crushed grapes, at a winery-scale, on the content of varietal volatile compounds (free and glycosidically-bound) in musts and on the overall aroma of wines. Two different frequencies (20 kHz and 28 kHz) were tested and the combination of grape sonication and different maceration times on wine aroma was also evaluated. The volatile compounds were isolated by solid phase extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, carrying out a sensory evaluation of wines by quantitative descriptive analysis. Sonication produced an increase in the concentration of free varietal compounds such as C6 alcohols, terpenes and norisoprenoids in musts and also in wines made by 48 h of skin maceration, being less efficient in the extraction of the bound fraction. Fermentation compounds were also positively affected by ultrasound treatment, although this effect was variable depending on the frequency used, the maceration time and the type of compound. All the wines made from sonicated grapes had better scores in the evaluated olfactory attributes with respect to the control wines. Our results indicate that sonication could produce an increase in the content of some volatile compounds of sensory relevance, obtaining wines with an aroma quality similar or higher than those elaborated with longer maceration times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Oliver Simancas
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.O.S.); (M.C.D.-M.); (M.S.P.-C.)
| | - María Consuelo Díaz-Maroto
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.O.S.); (M.C.D.-M.); (M.S.P.-C.)
| | - María Elena Alañón Pardo
- Area of Food Technology, Higher Technical School of Agronomic Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Paula Pérez Porras
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (P.P.P.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Ana Belén Bautista-Ortín
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (P.P.P.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Encarna Gómez-Plaza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (P.P.P.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - María Soledad Pérez-Coello
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.O.S.); (M.C.D.-M.); (M.S.P.-C.)
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Influence of Harvest Date and Grape Variety on Sensory Attributes and Aroma Compounds in Experimental Icewines of Ukraine. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Icewine is a sweet dessert wine whose sensory and chemical attributes are caused by technology peculiarities including the special climatic conditions and acceptable grape varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory characteristics and aromatic compounds in experimental icewines produced from the grape varieties Rkatsiteli, Telti kuruk, Marselan, and Moldova that had been picked in the Odessa region at temperatures of at least minus 7 °C during the 2015 (H1) and 2016 (H2) harvests. Sensory attributes were determined by trained experts, and descriptors for icewines were chosen by consensus. A total of 33 aromatic compounds including 12 that exceeded the threshold were identified using chromatographic analysis. Rkatsiteli icewine obtained from H1 was characterized by the highest concentration of geraniol, 1-octanol, and 2-phenyl acetate, influencing the pronounced citrus and sweet fruit aromas in sensory profiles. The highest concentrations of ethyl hexanoate and ethyl octanoate associated with aromas of dried fruits were detected in Moldova and Marselan icewines made from H2. No 1-hexanol and benzyl alcohol were found in Rkatsiteli and Telti kuruk icewines. Only Moldova and Marselan icewines had γ-nonalactone and benzaldehyde, respectively. Sensory parameters and the quantity of aromatic compounds of Ukrainian experimental icewines depended on harvest date and grape varieties.
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Canas S, Cunha J, Eiras-Dias JE. Advances in Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy: Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 2020. CIÊNCIA E TÉCNICA VITIVINÍCOLA 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/ctv/20203502176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Research insights arising from the sciences of Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy are crucial for responding to an everincreasing set of challenges - such as climate change, environmental issues and a global and more competitive market - faced by the players in the vitivinicultural sector. In this context, the scientific journals play a key role in spreading the knowledge acquired worldwide and contributing to the generation of new ideas and new research lines. The Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola is one of the oldest and few scientific journals specifically devoted to these three branches of science. In 2020, twelve articles from several international research teams were published, covering a wide range of current topics, including: sustainability of viticulture and winemaking; modelling of climate impact on wine production; control of pests and diseases; management and adaptability of grapevine varieties; quality and differentiation of wine based on minority grapevine varieties, native yeasts from grapevine and winemaking technologies; wine authenticity and traceability; botrytized wines; human resource management in small wine companies.
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