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Adamczak A, Antognini A, Berger N, Cocolios TE, Deokar N, Düllmann CE, Eggenberger A, Eichler R, Heines M, Hess H, Indelicato P, Kirch K, Knecht A, Krauth JJ, Nuber J, Ouf A, Papa A, Pohl R, Rapisarda E, Reiter P, Ritjoho N, Roccia S, Seidlitz M, Severijns N, von Schoeler K, Skawran A, Vogiatzi SM, Warr N, Wauters F. Muonic atom spectroscopy with microgram target material. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. A, HADRONS AND NUCLEI 2023; 59:15. [PMID: 36751673 PMCID: PMC9898421 DOI: 10.1140/epja/s10050-023-00930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Muonic atom spectroscopy-the measurement of the x rays emitted during the formation process of a muonic atom-has a long standing history in probing the shape and size of nuclei. In fact, almost all stable elements have been subject to muonic atom spectroscopy measurements and the absolute charge radii extracted from these measurements typically offer the highest accuracy available. However, so far only targets of at least a few hundred milligram could be used as it required to stop a muon beam directly in the target to form the muonic atom. We have developed a new method relying on repeated transfer reactions taking place inside a 100 bar hydrogen gas cell with an admixture of 0.25% deuterium that allows us to drastically reduce the amount of target material needed while still offering an adequate efficiency. Detailed simulations of the transfer reactions match the measured data, suggesting good understanding of the processes taking place inside the gas mixture. As a proof of principle we demonstrate the method with a measurement of the 2p-1s muonic x rays from a 5 μ g gold target.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Adamczak
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - A. Antognini
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N. Berger
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - T. E. Cocolios
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingfysica, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. Deokar
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ch. E. Düllmann
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Eggenberger
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R. Eichler
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M. Heines
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingfysica, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Hess
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - P. Indelicato
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - K. Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Knecht
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J. J. Krauth
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Nuber
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Ouf
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Papa
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Universitá di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - R. Pohl
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - P. Reiter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - N. Ritjoho
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S. Roccia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - M. Seidlitz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - N. Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingfysica, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K. von Schoeler
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Skawran
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S. M. Vogiatzi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut für Teilchen- und Astrophysik, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N. Warr
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - F. Wauters
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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