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Zidi W, Hadj-Taieb S, Kraoua I, Hachicha M, Seboui H, Monastiri K, Becher SB, Turki I, Sanhaji H, Tebib N, Kaabachi N, Feki M, Allal-Elasmi M. Single-center experience of congenital disorders of glycosylation syndrome screening in Tunisia: A retrospective study over a 15-year period (2007-2021). Arch Pediatr 2024; 31:124-128. [PMID: 38262859 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the results gathered over 15 years of screening for congenital disorders of glycosylation syndrome (CDGS) in Tunisia according to clinical and biochemical characteristics. METHODS Our laboratory received 1055 analysis requests from various departments and hospitals, for children with a clinical suspicion of CDGS. The screening was carried out through separation of transferrin isoforms by capillary zone electrophoresis. RESULTS During the 15-year period, 23 patients were diagnosed with CDGS (19 patients with CDG-Ia, three patients with CDG-IIx, and one patient with CDG-X). These patients included 13 boys and 10 girls aged between 3 months and 13 years, comprising 2.18 % of the total 1055 patients screened. The incidence for CDGS was estimated to be 1:23,720 live births (4.21 per 100,000) in Tunisia. The main clinical symptoms related to clinical disease state in newborn and younger patients were psychomotor retardation (91 %), cerebellar atrophy (91 %), ataxia (61 %), strabismus (48 %), dysmorphic symptoms (52 %), retinitis pigmentosa, cataract (35 %), hypotonia (30 %), and other symptoms. CONCLUSION In Tunisia, CDGS still remains underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The resemblance to other diseases, especially neurological disorders, and physicians' unawareness of the existence of these diseases are the main reasons for the underdiagnosis. In routine diagnostics, the screening for CDGS by biochemical tests is mandatory to complete the clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Zidi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Hadj-Taieb
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ichraf Kraoua
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; National Institute of Neurology Mongi-Ben Hamida, Service of Child Neurology, UR12SP24, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassen Seboui
- Farhat Hached Hospital, Service of Neonatology, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Monastiri
- Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Service of Neonatology, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Saayda Ben Becher
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Children's Hospital Bechir Hamza, Service of Pediatric, de Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Turki
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; National Institute of Neurology Mongi-Ben Hamida, Service of Child Neurology, UR12SP24, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Sanhaji
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Neji Tebib
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Service of Pediatrics, LR12SP02 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Naziha Kaabachi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Feki
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Monia Allal-Elasmi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia; Rabta Hospital, Laboratory of Biochemistry, LR99ES11 Tunis, Tunisia.
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Abstract
La glycosylation est un processus cellulaire complexe conduisant à des transferts successifs de monosaccharides sur une molécule acceptrice, le plus souvent une protéine ou un lipide. Ce processus est universel chez tous les organismes vivants et est très conservé au cours de l’évolution. Chez l’homme, des perturbations survenant au cours d’une ou plusieurs réactions de glycosylation sont à l’origine de glycopathologies génétiques rares, appelées anomalies congénitales de la glycosylation ou congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Cette revue propose de revisiter ces CDG, de 1980 à aujourd’hui, en présentant leurs découvertes, leurs diagnostics, leurs causes biochimiques et les traitements actuellement disponibles.
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