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AlSabbagh MM. Dyskeratosis congenita: a literature review. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2020; 18:943-967. [PMID: 32930426 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare hereditary disease that occurs predominantly in males and manifests clinically as the classic triad of reticulate hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy and leukoplakia. It increases the risk of malignancy and other potentially lethal complications such as bone marrow failure, lung and liver diseases. Mutations in 19 genes are associated with dyskeratosis congenita, and a fifth of the pathogenic mutations are found in DKC1, the gene coding for dyskerin. This review aims to address the clinical and genetic aspects of the disease.
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Porter S, Gueiros LA, Leão JC, Fedele S. Risk factors and etiopathogenesis of potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 125:603-611. [PMID: 29891084 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Potentially malignant oral mucosal disease has some ability to give rise to malignancy of the oral epithelium, that is, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present article provides a succinct review of the possible or probable causes of potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions. There is a focus upon studies that examined the causes or etiologic associations with clinically likely or histopathologically detectable oral epithelial dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Alcino Gueiros
- Oral Medicine Unit. Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jair Carneiro Leão
- Oral Medicine Unit. Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Stefano Fedele
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK; Oral Theme of the UCL/UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UK
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Zhu X. Current insights into the diagnosis and treatment of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes in China. Stem Cell Investig 2015; 2:15. [PMID: 27358883 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2306-9759.2015.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFs) account for 20% of pediatric BMFs. Although recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of IBMFs in China have been published recently, improvements are still needed in making precise diagnoses and properly treating pediatric patients with IBMFs. This review provides current insights into IBMFs in China. The data of our single institution data showed that pediatric patients with IBMFs accounted for 7.4% of BMFs. However, the number of reported cases with IBMFs may be underestimated than the actual morbidity in China because of limitations in the detection approaches and lacking of awareness of these diseases in local hospitals. Although patients with IBMFs are candidates for bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy, their phenotypic heterogeneity can delay or incompetent diagnosis. The golden standard test for Fanconi anemia is the chromosome breakage test, but it can be completed by few hospital and diagnostic companies in China. In addition, there are still no consistent standardized testing methods for other rare IBMFs. Recently, the combined application of targeted capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides and accurate and efficient diagnostic method for IBMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Zhu
- Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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5
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Polese C, Mottet D. [HDAC5 inhibition: a tool to stop cancer cell immortality]. Med Sci (Paris) 2014; 30:730-2. [PMID: 25174744 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20143008005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Polese
- Laboratoire de recherche sur les métastases, groupe HDAC, Université de Liège, Institut de pathologie B23, B-4000 Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgique - Adresse actuelle : Signalisation et interaction des protéines, GIGA-R (B34), avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, B-4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - Denis Mottet
- Laboratoire de recherche sur les métastases, groupe HDAC, Université de Liège, Institut de pathologie B23, B-4000 Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgique - Adresse actuelle : Signalisation et interaction des protéines, GIGA-R (B34), avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, B-4000 Liège, Belgique
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6
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Le Guen T, Jullien L, Schertzer M, Lefebvre A, Kermasson L, de Villartay JP, Londoño-Vallejo A, Revy P. [RTEL1 (regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1), a DNA helicase essential for genome stability]. Med Sci (Paris) 2013; 29:1138-44. [PMID: 24356145 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20132912018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RTEL1 (regulator of telomere length helicase 1) is a DNA helicase that has been identified more than 10 years ago. Many works since, mainly in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the mouse, have highlighted its role in chromosomal stability, maintenance of telomere length, and DNA repair. Recently, four laboratories have characterized RTEL1 mutations in patients with dyskeratosis congenita (DC) and Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson (HH) syndrome, a rare and severe variant of DC. We here summarize the current knowledge on RTEL1 and discuss the possible other functions that RTEL1 could play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangui Le Guen
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jullien
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mike Schertzer
- Télomère et cancer, Institut Curie, UMR3244, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Axelle Lefebvre
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Kermasson
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre de Villartay
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, service d'immunologie et d'hématologie pédiatriques, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Patrick Revy
- Dynamique du génome et système immunitaire, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France - Inserm U768, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
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7
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Le Guen T, Jullien L, Touzot F, Schertzer M, Gaillard L, Perderiset M, Carpentier W, Nitschke P, Picard C, Couillault G, Soulier J, Fischer A, Callebaut I, Jabado N, Londono-Vallejo A, de Villartay JP, Revy P. Human RTEL1 deficiency causes Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome with short telomeres and genome instability. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3239-49. [PMID: 23591994 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS), a severe variant of dyskeratosis congenita (DC), is characterized by early onset bone marrow failure, immunodeficiency and developmental defects. Several factors involved in telomere length maintenance and/or protection are defective in HHS/DC, underlining the relationship between telomere dysfunction and these diseases. By combining whole-genome linkage analysis and exome sequencing, we identified compound heterozygous RTEL1 (regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1) mutations in three patients with HHS from two unrelated families. RTEL1 is a DNA helicase that participates in DNA replication, DNA repair and telomere integrity. We show that, in addition to short telomeres, RTEL1-deficient cells from patients exhibit hallmarks of genome instability, including spontaneous DNA damage, anaphase bridges and telomeric aberrations. Collectively, these results identify RTEL1 as a novel HHS-causing gene and highlight its role as a genomic caretaker in humans.
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