Glomangiomyoma of the nasal cavity

Glomangiomyoma of the Vagina: A Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review

We report 2 cases of vaginal glomangiomyoma in a 53-year-old who presented with a painful vaginal mass, and a 56-year-old who had postmenopausal bleeding and in whom an incidental vaginal mass was identified and resected at the time of hysterectomy. Histologic examination of the resected masses showed solid, circumscribed, benign, smooth muscle-predominant tumors with interspersed small islands of epithelioid glomus cells. The glomus cells were intimately related to small-caliber blood vessels and showed no cytologic atypia or mitotic activity. The tumor cells showed diffuse expression of smooth muscle actin, CD34, and focal expression of h-caldesmon, vimentin, and estrogen receptor. No immunolabeling for calponin B or desmin was found. To our knowledge, there are only isolated reports of vaginal glomus tumors, and these are the first reported case of vaginal glomangiomyoma in the literature.

Glomangiomyoma of the neck in a child in Nepal: a rare case report and literature review

Background

Glomangiomyoma is a rare histological variant of glomus tumour. Clinically, it mimicks as a haemangioma and is challenging to diagnose. Its occurrence in the neck of a child has not been previously described.

Case presentation

A 3 year old girl presented with the complaints of painless progressive neck swelling in the right side for one and half year. Sonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT neck angiography and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were suggestive of vacular malformation i.e. giant haemangioma or arteriovenous malformation. The mass was removed in toto under general anaesthesia without postoperative complications. The histopathology confirmed it to be glomangiomyoma with haemangiopericytoma like features.

Conclusion

It's an extremely rare variant of glomus tumour and may be the first report of a glomangiomyoma in the neck of a child. Despite a rare entity, it should be borne in mind during differential diagnosis.

Malignant and benign sinonasal paragangliomas

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS

To report on the clinical course and management of sinonasal paragangliomas (PGLs).

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

Retrospective chart review of six patients with PGLs of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

RESULTS

Three patients had tumors with malignant clinical behavior with cerebral metastases or infiltration of brain and local recurrence, despite surgery and/or radiotherapy, while three patients demonstrated a benign course.

CONCLUSION

Sinonasal paragangliomas are frequently malignant. If malignant, they are very aggressive, with rapid local spread as well as high metastatic potential despite surgical resection; and they have a poor prognosis. Malignancy cannot be diagnosed on histology, but only on the basis of clinical behavior. Intracranial metastasis is commonly expected. Long-term follow-up, with particular emphasis put on the intracranial structures, is mandatory as recurrences or metastasis may occur even after a long time interval.

CD34-positive expression in benign nasal glomus tumour: two case reports and a literature review

Nasal glomus tumours are extremely rare neoplasms with poorly understood histogenesis, but which are clinically recognized as benign. The neoplastic cells of glomus tumours resemble normal glomus cells and are arranged around a varying number of thin-walled, sometimes branching, capillaries. CD34 is known to be a marker of tumour progenitor cells. In this report, two cases of benign nasal glomus tumour are presented. The tumours were excised completely via endoscopic endonasal surgery under local anaesthesia. During surgery, there was little bleeding and the post-surgical course for both patients was uneventful. Tumour cells from both cases were positive for α-smooth muscle actin, actin, vimentin and CD34 protein. Thus, CD34 positivity against a background of other immunohisto chemical markers is helpful in the differential diagnosis of glomus tumours.

First Case of Laryngeal Glomangiomyoma

Glomus tumors are derived from the normal glomus body, which is an arteriovenous confluence involved with thermoregulation. These true glomus tumors are different from the "glomus tumors" derived from the paraganglion system often encountered by the otolaryngologist. Glomus tumors have been reported in a variety of locations including the pancreas, perineum, nasal cavity, and torso; however, most are found in the extremities. We present the first case of a laryngeal glomangiomyoma. Furthermore, this lesion was successfully excised endoscopically with a CO2 laser.

Invasive glomus tumor of the nasal cavity

Glomus tumors are neoplasms that occur only rarely in the head and neck. These tumors are usually distinguished by benign growth characteristics. We present a case of a large intranasal glomus tumor which, at presentation, had eroded through the ethmoid roof to involve the floor of the anterior cranial fossa. The patient was treated with primary external-beam radiotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an invasive glomus tumor of the head and neck.

Intranasal pericytic tumors (glomus tumor and sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumor): report of two cases with review of the literature

An intranasal glomus tumor and a sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumor are reported. Both patients were elderly women suffering from nasal bleeding, and presented with a polypoid mass arising in the nasal septum. Microscopically, the glomus tumor displayed a proliferation of uniform rounded or cuboidal epithelioid cells arranged in sheets and interrupted by a rich vasculature with a characteristic configuration mimicking the normal glomus bodies, while the sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumor featured a perivascular proliferation of spindle- to oval-shaped cells that were arranged in short fascicles. Both tumors shared immunohistochemical features supporting their myoid differentiation by the expression of vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin, albeit with no immunoreaction to desmin. Both the intranasal glomus tumor and sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumor are characterized by a perivascular growth pattern and myoid differentiation, having a close relation to the 'perivascular myomas', which was recently designated.