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Yu J, Ruhi-Williams P, de Virgilio C, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Ovsepyan HE, Wexner SD, Kirby KA, Tajik F, Lo A, Fattah A, Amersi FF, Calhoun KE, Cunningham LA, Denoya PI, Govekar HR, Grossi SM, Namm JP, Poola VP, Richmond RE, Rohde CH, Roy M, Russell TA, Sequeira N, Siletz AE, Tanner TN, Valerian BT, Senthil M. Mentorship of Junior Surgical Faculty Across Academic Programs in Surgery. JAMA Surg 2024:2823104. [PMID: 39230925 PMCID: PMC11375519 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.3390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Importance Because mentorship is critical for professional development and career advancement, it is essential to examine the status of mentorship and identify challenges that junior surgical faculty (assistant and associate professors) face obtaining effective mentorship. Objective To evaluate the mentorship experience for junior surgical faculty and highlight areas for improvement. Design, Setting, and Participants This qualitative study was an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study including an anonymous survey on mentorship followed by semistructured interviews to expand on survey findings. Junior surgical faculty from 18 US academic surgery programs were included in the anonymous survey and interviews. Survey responses between "formal" (assigned by the department) vs "informal" (sought out by the faculty) mentors and male vs female junior faculty were compared using χ2 tests. Interview responses were analyzed for themes until thematic saturation was achieved. Survey responses were collected from November 2022 to August 2023, and interviews conducted from July to December 2023. Exposure Mentorship from formal and/or informal mentors. Main Outcomes and Measures Survey gauged the availability and satisfaction with formal and informal mentorship; interviews assessed broad themes regarding mentorship. Results Of 825 survey recipients, 333 (40.4%) responded; 155 (51.7%) were male and 134 (44.6%) female. Nearly all respondents (319 [95.8%]) agreed or strongly agreed that mentorship is important to their surgical career, especially for professional networking (309 respondents [92.8%]), career advancement (301 [90.4%]), and research (294 [88.3%]). However, only 58 respondents (18.3%) had a formal mentor. More female than male faculty had informal mentors (123 [91.8%] vs 123 [79.4%]; P = .003). Overall satisfaction was higher with informal mentorship than formal mentorship (221 [85.0%] vs 40 [69.0%]; P = .01). Most male and female faculty reported no preferences in gender or race and ethnicity for their mentors. When asked if they had good mentor options if they wanted to change mentors, 141 (47.8%) responded no. From the interviews (n = 20), 6 themes were identified, including absence of mentorship infrastructure, preferred mentor characteristics, and optimizing mentorship. Conclusions and Relevance Academic junior surgical faculty agree mentorship is vital to their careers. However, this study found that few had formal mentors and almost half need more satisfactory options if they want to change mentors. Academic surgical programs should adopt a framework for facilitating mentorship and optimize mentor-mentee relationships through alignment of mentor-mentee goals and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | | | | | - Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California
| | - Helen E Ovsepyan
- Department of Preventative and Social Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Katharine A Kirby
- Center of Statistical Consulting, Department of Statistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - Angelina Lo
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - Aya Fattah
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - Farin F Amersi
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Lisa A Cunningham
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Paula I Denoya
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Henry R Govekar
- Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sara M Grossi
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Jukes P Namm
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - V Prasad Poola
- Departmeny of Surgery, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Springfield
| | - Robyn E Richmond
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock
| | - Christine H Rohde
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mayank Roy
- Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston
| | - Tara A Russell
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - Nicola Sequeira
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis
| | - Anaar E Siletz
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Tiffany N Tanner
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha
| | | | - Maheswari Senthil
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
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Ashley J, Abra G, Schiller B, Bennett PN, Mehr AP, Bargman JM, Chan CT. The use of virtual physician mentoring to enhance home dialysis knowledge and uptake. Nephrology (Carlton) 2021; 26:569-577. [PMID: 33634548 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Home dialysis therapies are flexible kidney replacement strategies with documented clinical benefits. While the incidence of end-stage kidney disease continues to increase globally, the use of home dialysis remains low in most developed countries. Multiple barriers to providing home dialysis have been noted in the published literature. Among known challenges, gaps in clinician knowledge are potentially addressable with a focused education strategy. Recent national surveys in the United States and Australia have highlighted the need for enhanced home dialysis knowledge especially among nephrologists who have recently completed training. Traditional in-person continuing professional educational programmes have had modest success in promoting home dialysis and are limited by scale and the present global COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesize that the use of a 'Hub and Spoke' model of virtual home dialysis mentorship for nephrologists based on project ECHO would support home dialysis growth. We review the home dialysis literature, known educational gaps and plausible educational interventions to address current limitations in physician education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ashley
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham Abra
- Satellite Healthcare, San Jose, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Brigitte Schiller
- Satellite Healthcare, San Jose, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Paul N Bennett
- Satellite Healthcare, San Jose, California, USA.,Department of Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ali Poyan Mehr
- Department of Nephrology, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joanne M Bargman
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher T Chan
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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