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He R, Zhu Q, Ye Y, Chen S, Xie C. Nonlinear association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and hyperuricemia in cancer patients: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:269. [PMID: 39187886 PMCID: PMC11346297 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows that cancer patients are more likely to have hyperuricemia (HUA) compared to the general population, with lipid metabolism playing a significant role. However, it is still unclear whether there is a non-linear relationship between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and HUA in these patients. This study aims to explore the association between NHHR and HUA in cancer patients. METHODS This study included participants from the NHANES database from 2007 to 2018. We used multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis, and subgroup analysis to examine the association between NHHR and HUA and gout in cancer patients, as well as to investigate differences in this association among specific subgroups. RESULTS A total of 2826 participants were included, with a HUA prevalence of 24.30%. Weighted multivariable logistic regression showed that for each unit increase in NHHR, the odds of HUA in cancer patients increased by 16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.29, P = 0.002). When NHHR was divided into tertiles, those in the highest tertile (Q3) had a 1.84 times higher odds of developing HUA compared to those in the lowest tertile (Q1) (95% CI: 1.32, 2.58, P < 0.001). However, there was no significant association with gout. RCS analysis further revealed a significant non-linear positive association, particularly among males. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests indicated a stronger association in cancer patients who did not have a history of stroke. CONCLUSION There is a non-linear association between NHHR and HUA in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qilei Zhu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youjun Ye
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuaihang Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changsheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Xiong R, Lei J, Wang L, Zhang S, Liu H, Wang H, Liu T, Lai X. Efficient analysis of adverse drug events and toxicological mechanisms of newly marketed drugs by integrating pharmacovigilance and network toxicology: selumetinib as an example. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1432759. [PMID: 39193326 PMCID: PMC11347787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1432759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To integrate pharmacovigilance and network toxicology methods to explore the potential adverse drug events (ADEs) and toxic mechanisms of selumetinib, and to provide a reference for quickly understanding the safety and toxicological mechanisms of newly marketed drugs. Methods Taking selumetinib as an example, this study integrated pharmacovigilance methods based on real-world data and network toxicology methods to analyze its ADE and its potential toxicological mechanism. First, the ADE reports of selumetinib were extracted from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adverse event reporting system (FAERS), and the ADE signals were detected by reporting odds ratio (ROR) and UK medicines and healthcare products regulatory agency (MHRA) methods. The ADE signals were classified and described according to the preferred terms (PTs) and system organ class (SOC) derived from the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). The network toxicology method was used to analyze the toxicological mechanism of the interested SOCs. The specific steps included predicting the potential targets of selumetinib using TOXRIC, STITCH, ChEMBL, CTD, SwissTargetPreditcion, and Super-PRED databases, collecting the targets of SOC using GeneCards database, conducting protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis through STRING database, conducting gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis through DAVID database, and testing the molecular affinity using AutoDock software. Results A total of 1388 ADE reports related to selumetinib were extracted, and 53 positive signals were detected by ROR and MHRA methods, of which 20 signals were not mentioned in the package insert, including ingrowing nail, hyperphosphatemia, cardiac valve disease, hematuria, neutropenia, etc. Analysis of the toxicological mechanism of six SOCs involved in positive ADE signals revealed that the key targets included EGFR, STAT3, AKT1, IL6, BCL2, etc., and the key pathways included PI3K/Akt pathway, apoptosis, ErbB signaling pathway, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, etc. Molecular docking assays showed spontaneous binding of selumetinib to key targets in these pathways. Conclusion The pharmacovigilance analysis identified some new potential ADEs of selumetinib, and the network toxicology analysis showed that the toxic effects of selumetinib may be related to PI3K/Akt pathway, apoptosis, ErbB signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbei Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (The 958th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbei Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (The 958th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Chongqing, China
| | - Shipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbei Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (The 958th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Chongqing, China
| | - Hengxu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbei Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (The 958th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Navy No.971 Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodan Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbei Campus of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (The 958th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Chongqing, China
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Rhee JY, Nakhate V, Soares C, Tentor Z, Dietrich J. Altered Mental Status in Cancer. Semin Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39102863 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Patients with cancer experience high rates of alterations in mental status. The mechanisms for altered mental status (AMS) in this population are manifold. The cancer itself may cause AMS through direct invasion of the central nervous system or as metastatic leptomeningeal spread. However, cancer patients are also vulnerable to tumor-associated complications such as seizures, cerebral edema, strokes, or cancer treatment-related complications such as infections, direct neural injury from radiation or chemotherapy, edema, or dysregulated autoimmune response from immunotherapies. Both during treatment and as sequelae, patients may suffer neurocognitive complications from chemotherapy and radiation, medications or opportunistic infections, as well as toxic-metabolic, nutritional, and endocrine complications. In this review, we describe a clinical approach to the cancer patient presenting with AMS and discuss the differential drivers of AMS in this patient population. While common etiologies of AMS in noncancer patients (toxic-metabolic or infectious encephalopathy, delirium) are also applicable to cancer patients, we additionally provide a cancer-specific differential diagnosis that warrants special consideration in the cancer patient with AMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Y Rhee
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Adult Palliative Care, Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vihang Nakhate
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christy Soares
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zachary Tentor
- Division of Adult Palliative Care, Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Sui C, Wu H, Li X, Wang Y, Wei J, Yu J, Wu X. Cancer immunotherapy and its facilitation by nanomedicine. Biomark Res 2024; 12:77. [PMID: 39097732 PMCID: PMC11297660 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has sparked a wave of cancer research, driven by recent successful proof-of-concept clinical trials. However, barriers are emerging during its rapid development, including broad adverse effects, a lack of reliable biomarkers, tumor relapses, and drug resistance. Integration of nanomedicine may ameliorate current cancer immunotherapy. Ultra-large surface-to-volume ratio, extremely small size, and easy modification surface of nanoparticles enable them to selectively detect cells and kill cancer cells in vivo. Exciting synergistic applications of the two approaches have emerged in treating various cancers at the intersection of cancer immunotherapy and cancer nanomedicine, indicating the potential that the combination of these two therapeutic modalities can lead to new paradigms in the treatment of cancer. This review discusses the status of current immunotherapy and explores the possible opportunities that the nanomedicine platform can make cancer immunotherapy more powerful and precise by synergizing the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sui
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heqing Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA.
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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5
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Lai SW. Comment on "Effect of serum uric acid and gout on the incidence of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis". Am J Med Sci 2024; 368:83. [PMID: 38615742 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Lai
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lu SS, Yang LL, Yang W, Wang J, Zhang XL, Yang L, Wen Y. Complications and adverse events of high-intensity focused ultrasound in its application to gynecological field - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyperthermia 2024; 41:2370969. [PMID: 38945548 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2024.2370969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze and summarize the types, incidence rates and relevant influencing factors of adverse events (AEs) after high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of gynecological diseases and provide reference and basis for handling such events in clinical practice. METHOD We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases to retrieve all literature since its establishment until February 2024. We evaluated the quality of included literature and publication bias and conducted a meta-analysis of single group rates for various AEs using Stata 17.0. RESULTS This systematic review finally included 41 articles. We summarized 34 kinds of AEs in 7 aspects and conducted a single group rate meta-analysis and sub-group analysis of 16 kinds of AEs. Among the common AEs of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), the incidence of lower abdominal pain/pelvic pain is 36.1% (95% CI: 24.3%∼48.8%), vaginal bleeding is 20.6% (95% CI: 13.9%∼28.0%), vaginal discharge is 14.0% (95% CI: 9.6%∼19.1%), myoma discharge is 24% (95% CI: 14.6%∼34.8%), buttock pain is 10.8% (95% CI: 6.0%∼16.5%) and sacral pain is 10% (95% CI: 8.8%∼11.2%). Serious complications include uterine rupture, necrotic tissue obstruction requiring surgical intervention, third degree skin burns and persistent lower limb pain or movement disorders. CONCLUSION The common AEs after HIFU surgery are mostly mild and controllable, and the incidence of serious complications is extremely low. By reasonable prevention and active intervention, these events can be further reduced, making it a safe and effective treatment method. It is a good choice for patients who crave noninvasive treatment or have other surgical contraindications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Lu
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei-Lei Yang
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia-Lin Zhang
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Gynecology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Han Z, Ma X, Ma G. Improving cell reinfusion to enhance the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and alleviate complications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28098. [PMID: 38560185 PMCID: PMC10981037 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a rapidly expanding area within the realm of transfusion medicine, focusing on the delivery of lymphocytes to trigger responses against tumors, viruses, or inflammation. This area has quickly evolved from its initial promise in immuno-oncology during preclinical trials to commercial approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for leukemia and lymphoma (Jun and et al., 2018) [1]. CAR T-cell therapy has demonstrated success in treating hematological malignancies, particularly relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Qi and et al., 2022) [2]. However, its success in treating solid tumors faces challenges due to the short-lived presence of CAR-T cells in the body and diminished T cell functionality (Majzner and Mackall, 2019) [3]. CAR T-cell therapy functions by activating immune effector cells, yet significant side effects and short response durations remain considerable obstacles to its advancement. A prior study demonstrated that the therapeutic regimen can induce systemic inflammatory reactions, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), off-target effects, and other severe complications. This study aims to explore current research frontiers in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Han
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ma
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guiyue Ma
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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8
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Wen S, Arakawa H, Tamai I. Uric acid in health and disease: From physiological functions to pathogenic mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108615. [PMID: 38382882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Owing to renal reabsorption and the loss of uricase activity, uric acid (UA) is strictly maintained at a higher physiological level in humans than in other mammals, which provides a survival advantage during evolution but increases susceptibility to certain diseases such as gout. Although monosodium urate (MSU) crystal precipitation has been detected in different tissues of patients as a trigger for disease, the pathological role of soluble UA remains controversial due to the lack of causality in the clinical setting. Abnormal elevation or reduction of UA levels has been linked to some of pathological status, also known as U-shaped association, implying that the physiological levels of UA regulated by multiple enzymes and transporters are crucial for the maintenance of health. In addition, the protective potential of UA has also been proposed in aging and some diseases. Therefore, the role of UA as a double-edged sword in humans is determined by its physiological or non-physiological levels. In this review, we summarize biosynthesis, membrane transport, and physiological functions of UA. Then, we discuss the pathological involvement of hyperuricemia and hypouricemia as well as the underlying mechanisms by which UA at abnormal levels regulates the onset and progression of diseases. Finally, pharmacological strategies for urate-lowering therapy (ULT) are introduced, and current challenges in UA study and future perspectives are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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Xiao Y, Xiao L, Zhang Y, Xu X, Guan X, Guo Y, Shen Y, Lei X, Dou Y, Yu J. Prediction of tumor lysis syndrome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on machine learning models: a retrospective study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337295. [PMID: 38515564 PMCID: PMC10955075 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) often occurs early after induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and can rapidly progress. This study aimed to construct a machine learning model to predict the risk of TLS using clinical indicators at the time of ALL diagnosis. Methods This observational cohort study was conducted at the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease. Data were collected from pediatric ALL patients diagnosed between December 2008 and December 2021. Four machine learning models were constructed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to select key clinical indicators for model construction. Results The study included 2,243 pediatric ALL patients, and the occurrence of TLS was 8.87%. A total of 33 indicators with missing values ≤30% were collected, and 12 risk factors were selected through LASSO regression analysis. The CatBoost model with the best performance after feature screening was selected to predict the TLS of ALL patients. The CatBoost model had an AUC of 0.832 and an accuracy of 0.758. The risk factors most associated with TLS were the absence of potassium, phosphorus, aspartate transaminase (AST), white blood cell count (WBC), and urea levels. Conclusion We developed the first TLS prediction model for pediatric ALL to assist clinicians in risk stratification at diagnosis and in developing personalized treatment protocols. This study is registered on the China Clinical Trials Registry platform (ChiCTR2200060616). Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR2200060616.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Big Data Engineering Center for Children’s Medical Care, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianmin Guan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxia Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Shen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - XiaoYing Lei
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Dou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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10
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Garkusha TA, Stolyarevich ES, Khorzhevskii VA, Ivliev SV, Firsov MA. [Pathology of the kidneys in malignant tumors of various localizations and antitumor therapy]. Arkh Patol 2024; 86:59-66. [PMID: 38881007 DOI: 10.17116/patol20248603159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Non-tumorlesions of the kidneys in malignant neoplasms are very diverse. They can alter the results of chemotherapy and lead to death in the long term. In this regard, the related discipline of onconephrology has increasingly begun to be identified, which emphasizes the importance of diagnosing non-tumor kidney lesions in this category of patients. This review is devoted to the classification, diagnosis, course, prevention and treatment of non-tumor kidney lesions in patients with malignant neoplasms. There are four groups of lesions: mechanical damage; nephropathy due to anticancer therapy; paraneoplastic nephropathy; lesions associated with metabolic disorders. Kidney lesions in patients with malignant neoplasms are characterized by a variable course. In some cases, acute renal failure develops. Others are characterized by an asymptomatic course with an outcome in nephrosclerosis. Timely diagnosis and treatment of kidney lesions in malignant neoplasms can improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients with malignant neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Garkusha
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Pathoanatomical Bureau, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - E S Stolyarevich
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Khorzhevskii
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Pathoanatomical Bureau, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - S V Ivliev
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - M A Firsov
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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11
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Xia S, Ma JT, Raschi E, Ma R, Zhang BK, Guo L, Noguchi Y, Sarangdhar M, Gong H, Yan M. Tumor Lysis Syndrome with CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Signals from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Clin Drug Investig 2023; 43:773-783. [PMID: 37755660 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-023-01308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although tumor lysis syndrome was reported with obinutuzumab and rituximab, the association with CD20 monoclonal antibodies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia is unclear. METHODS A disproportionality analysis was conducted to investigate the link between CD20 monoclonal antibodies and tumor lysis syndrome by accounting for known confounders and comparing with other anticancer drugs, using data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Reporting odds ratios and the information component were calculated as disproportionality measures. A stepwise sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of disproportionality signals. Bradford Hill criteria were adopted to globally assess the potential causal relationship. RESULTS From 2004 to 2022, 197, 368, 41, and 14 tumor lysis syndrome reports were detected for obinutuzumab, rituximab, ofatumumab, and alemtuzumab (CD52 monoclonal antibody), respectively. Disproportionality signals were found for the above four monoclonal antibodies when compared with other anticancer drugs. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robust disproportionality signals for obinutuzumab, rituximab, and ofatumumab. The median onset time was 4.5, 1.5, and 2.5 days for rituximab, obinutuzumab, and ofatumumab, respectively. A potential causal relationship was fulfilled by assessing Bradford Hill criteria. CONCLUSIONS This pharmacovigilance study on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System detected a plausible association between CD20 monoclonal antibodies (but not CD52) and tumor lysis syndrome by assessing the adapted Bradford Hill criteria. Urgent clarification of drug- and patient-related risk factors is needed through large comparative population-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Ting Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Emanuel Raschi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Kui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Linna Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Mayur Sarangdhar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China.
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, China.
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Changsha, 410011, China.
- Toxicology Counseling Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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12
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Zhang Y, Qin D, Shou AC, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhou L. Exploring CAR-T Cell Therapy Side Effects: Mechanisms and Management Strategies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6124. [PMID: 37834768 PMCID: PMC10573998 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies, especially hematological tumors, but toxicities have tempered its success. The main impediments to the development of CAR-T cell therapies are the following: cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune-effector-cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), and on-target/off-tumor toxicity (OTOT). This review summarizes these side effects' underlying mechanisms and manifestations over time. It provides potential prevention and treatment according to the consensus grading, stressing the significance of establishing strategies that anticipate, reduce, and navigate the beginning of these side effects. It is essential to fully comprehend the mechanisms underlying these toxicities to create efficient treatment and preventive approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugu Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (D.Q.)
| | - Diyuan Qin
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (D.Q.)
| | - Arthur Churchill Shou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (A.C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanbin Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (A.C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (D.Q.)
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 GuoXue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (A.C.S.); (Y.L.)
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13
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Anders HJ, Li Q, Steiger S. Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia in chronic kidney disease: mechanisms and clinical implications. Clin Kidney J 2023; 16:928-938. [PMID: 37261000 PMCID: PMC10229286 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia (HU) is considered a pathogenic factor in multiple disease contexts, but a causative role is only proven for the crystalline form of uric acid in gouty arthritis and urate nephropathy. Epidemiological studies document a robust association of HU with hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CKD progression, but CKD-related impaired uric acid (UA) clearance and the use of diuretics that further impair UA clearance likely accounts for these associations. Interpreting the available trial evidence is further complicated by referring to xanthine oxidase inhibitors as urate-lowering treatment, although these drugs inhibit other substrates, so attributing their effects only to HU is problematic. In this review we provide new mechanistic insights into the biological effects of soluble and crystalline UA and discuss clinical evidence on the role of asymptomatic HU in CKD, CVD and sterile inflammation. We identify research areas with gaps in experimental and clinical evidence, specifically on infectious complications that represent the second common cause of death in CKD patients, referred to as secondary immunodeficiency related to kidney disease. In addition, we address potential therapeutic approaches on how and when to treat asymptomatic HU in patients with kidney disease and where further interventional studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Qiubo Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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14
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Zhang Q, Zu C, Jing R, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Lv Y, Cui J, Zhou L, Meng Y, Wang L, Cen Z, Chang AH, Hu Y, Huang H. Incidence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of tumor lysis syndrome following B-cell maturation antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125357. [PMID: 37215107 PMCID: PMC10192732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background aims B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapy is used for refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (r/r MM). However, CAR-T-related tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) has been observed. We aimed to elucidate the incidence, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and prognosis of CAR-T cell-related TLS. Methods Patients (n=105) with r/r MM treated with BCMA-targeted CAR-T cell therapy were included. Patient characteristics, laboratory parameters, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Results Eighteen (17.1%) patients developed TLS after BCMA-targeted CAR-T cell therapy. The median time till TLS onset was 8 days. Patients with TLS had steep rise in uric acid (UA), creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) within 6 days following CAR-T cell infusion and presented earlier and persistent escalation of cytokines (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], interferon-γ [IFN-γ], and ferritin levels). All 18 patients had cytokine release syndrome (CRS), of which 13 (72.2%) developed grade 3-4 CRS. Three of 18 patients (16.7%) developed immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS): two patients with grade 1 ICANS and one with grade 2 ICANS. TLS development had a negative effect on the objective response rate (77.8% in the TLS group vs. 95.4% in the non-TLS group, p<0.01). During the median follow-up of 15.1 months, the median PFS was poorer of patients with TLS (median: 3.4 months in the TLS group vs. 14.7 months in the non-TLS group, p<0.001, hazard ratio [HR]=3.5 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-8.5]). Also, TLS development exhibited significant effects on OS (median: 5.0 months in the TLS group vs. 39.8 months in the non-TLS group, p<0.001, hazard ratio [HR]=3.7 [95% CI 1.3-10.3]). TLS was associated with a higher tumor burden, elevated baseline creatinine and UA levels, severe CRS, pronounced CAR-T cell expansion, and corticosteroid use. Conclusion TLS is a frequently observed CAR-T therapy complication and negatively influences clinical response and prognosis. Close monitoring for TLS should be implemented during CAR-T cell therapy, especially for those at high TLS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Jing
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youqin Feng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanlei Zhang
- Shanghai YaKe Biotechnology Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Lv
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Cui
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linhui Zhou
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Meng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linqin Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zenan Cen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Alex H. Chang
- Shanghai YaKe Biotechnology Ltd, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Chen K, Dai M, Luo Q, Wang Y, Shen W, Liao Y, Zhou Y, Cheng W. PARP1 controls the transcription of CD24 by ADP-ribosylating the RNA helicase DDX5 in pancreatic cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 155:106358. [PMID: 36584909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The PARP1 protein plays a key role in DNA damage repair and ADP-ribosylation to regulate gene expression. Strategies to target PARP1 have rapidly been developed for cancer treatment. However, the role of the innate immune response in targeted anti-PARP1 therapy remains poorly understood. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism underlying the immunogenicity of PARP1 and explore efficient therapeutic strategies to enhance the antitumor effect of PARP inhibitors. The relationships between PARP1 expression and immunosuppressive factors were examined by qRTPCR and immunoblot analysis. DNA pull-down, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIPqPCR) and luciferase reporter assays were employed to reveal the mechanism by which the expression of the immune checkpoint regulator CD24 is regulated by PARP1. Phagocytosis assays and pancreatic cancer animal models were applied to evaluate the therapeutic effect of simultaneous disruption of PARP1 and the antiphagocytic factor CD24. Upregulation of the innate immunosuppressive factor CD24 was observed in pancreatic cancer during PARP1 inhibition. The activating effect of targeting CD24 on macrophage phagocytosis was verified. Then, we showed that PARP1 attenuated the transcription of CD24 by ADP-ribosylating the transcription factor DDX5 in pancreatic cancer. Combined blockade of PARP1 and the antiphagocytic factor CD24 elicited a synergetic antitumor effect in pancreatic cancer. Our research provided evidence that combination treatment with PARP inhibitors and CD24 blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could be an effective strategy to improve the clinical therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Manxiong Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Quanneng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weitao Shen
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yiying Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China; Xiangyue Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, National Clinical Center for Schistosomiasis Treatment, Yueyang 414000, Hunan Province, China; Translational Medicine Laboratory of Pancreas Disease of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China.
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16
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Yu L, Xie Y, Ma J, Li G, Yuan X. Rasburicase-Induced Falsely Low Measurement of Uric Acid in Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2023; 15:e34435. [PMID: 36874663 PMCID: PMC9981216 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rasburicase, a recombinant urate-oxidase enzyme, can significantly catalyze the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin. It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to control blood uric acid levels in both pediatric and adult patients especially those with tumor lysis syndrome. It is quite important to realize that rasburicase can continue to be effective ex vivo and cause falsely low results if the blood sample is not contained and transported in ice water immediately. We presented two cases of falsely low measurement of blood uric acid caused by rasburicase and elaborated the proper method for collecting and transporting blood samples from patients using rasburicase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CHN
| | - Yinjing Xie
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CHN
| | - Jiangtao Ma
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CHN
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CHN
| | - Xiaopeng Yuan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, CHN
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17
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Genovesi S, Regolisti G, Burlacu A, Covic A, Combe C, Mitra S, Basile C. The conundrum of the complex relationship between acute kidney injury and cardiac arrhythmias. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:1097-1112. [PMID: 35777072 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined by a rapid increase in serum creatinine levels, reduced urine output, or both. Death may occur in 16%-49% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit with severe AKI. Complex arrhythmias are a potentially serious complication in AKI patients with pre-existing or AKI-induced heart damage and myocardial dysfunction, fluid overload, and especially electrolyte and acid-base disorders representing the pathogenetic mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis. Cardiac arrhythmias, in turn, increase the risk of poor renal outcomes, including AKI. Arrhythmic risk in AKI patients receiving kidney replacement treatment may be reduced by modifying dialysis/replacement fluid composition. The most common arrhythmia observed in AKI patients is atrial fibrillation. Severe hyperkalemia, sometimes combined with hypocalcemia, causes severe bradyarrhythmias in this clinical setting. Although the likelihood of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias is reportedly low, the combination of cardiac ischemia and specific electrolyte or acid-base abnormalities may increase this risk, particularly in AKI patients who require kidney replacement treatment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available epidemiological, pathophysiological, and prognostic evidence aiming to clarify the complex relationships between AKI and cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Genovesi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Nephrology Clinic, Monza, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Regolisti
- Clinica e Immunologia Medica -Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria e Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alexandru Burlacu
- Department of Interventional Cardiology - Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, and 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Adrian Covic
- Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis, and Renal Transplant Center - 'C.I. Parhon' University Hospital, and 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Christian Combe
- Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse Aphérèse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, and Unité INSERM 1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandip Mitra
- Department of Nephrology, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Carlo Basile
- Associazione Nefrologica Gabriella Sebastio, Martina Franca, Italy
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18
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Shafie M, Issaiy M, Barkhori M, Parsa S. Plasma cell leukemia presenting as spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome with hypercalcemia. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05933. [PMID: 35846936 PMCID: PMC9281366 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency in which tumor cells undergo lysis either spontaneously or due to the initiation of cancer therapy typically presenting with hypocalcemia. We described a 62-year-old male patient with spontaneous TLS and hypercalcemia without a known malignancy, who is later discovered to have plasma cell leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahan Shafie
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Internal MedicineImam Khomeini Hospital ComplexTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahbod Issaiy
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdi Barkhori
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Samaneh Parsa
- Department of Internal MedicineImam Khomeini Hospital ComplexTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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19
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Basile DP. Crystals or His(stones): Rethinking AKI in Tumor Lysis Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:1055-1057. [PMID: 35641305 PMCID: PMC9161801 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David P Basile
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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