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Li HX, Wang SQ, Lian ZX, Deng SL, Yu K. Relationship between Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells and Tumor Metastasis and Its Prognostic Value in Cancer. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010064. [PMID: 36611857 PMCID: PMC9818185 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is an important reason for the difficulty of tumor treatment. Besides the tumor cells themselves, the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the process of tumor metastasis. Tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) are one of the main components of TME and plays an important role in every link of tumor metastasis. This article mainly reviews the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in epithelial mesenchymal transformation, extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor angiogenesis and formation of pre-metastatic niche. The value of TIICs in the prognosis of cervical cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer was also discussed. We believe that accurate prognosis of cancer treatment outcomes is conducive to further improving treatment regimens, determining personalized treatment strategies, and ultimately achieving successful cancer treatment. This paper elucidates the relationship between tumor and TIICs in order to explore the function of immune cells in different diseases and provide new ideas for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Xiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- National Health Commission (NHC) of China Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.D.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.D.); (K.Y.)
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Tian H, Shi H, Yu J, Ge S, Ruan J. Biophysics Role and Biomimetic Culture Systems of ECM Stiffness in Cancer EMT. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2100094. [PMID: 35712024 PMCID: PMC9189138 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oncological diseases have become the second leading cause of death from noncommunicable diseases worldwide and a major threat to human health. With the continuous progress in cancer research, the mechanical cues from the tumor microenvironment environment (TME) have been found to play an irreplaceable role in the progression of many cancers. As the main extracellular mechanical signal carrier, extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness may influence cancer progression through biomechanical transduction to modify downstream gene expression, promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and regulate the stemness of cancer cells. EMT is an important mechanism that induces cancer cell metastasis and is closely influenced by ECM stiffness, either independently or in conjunction with other molecules. In this review, the unique role of ECM stiffness in EMT in different kinds of cancers is first summarized. By continually examining the significance of ECM stiffness in cancer progression, a biomimetic culture system based on 3D manufacturing and novel material technologies is developed to mimic ECM stiffness. The authors then look back on the novel development of the ECM stiffness biomimetic culture systems and finally provide new insights into ECM stiffness in cancer progression which can broaden the fields' horizons with a view toward developing new cancer diagnosis methods and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Hanhan Shi
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jing Ruan
- Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
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Single-cell analysis reveals that cancer-associated fibroblasts stimulate oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion via the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 55:262-273. [PMID: 36148955 PMCID: PMC10157546 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in cancer biology and treatment, the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still not satisfactory because of local tumor invasion and frequent lymph node metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a potential target in which cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are of great significance due to their interactions with cancer cells. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we focus on the crosstalk between cancer cells and CAFs and discover that CAFs are the main source of TGF-β1. Transwell assays and western blot analysis further prove that CAFs activate the TGF-β1/Smad pathway to promote OSCC invasion. Through survival analysis, we confirm that CAF overexpression is correlated with poor overall survival in OSCC. To further elucidate the origin and role of CAFs in OSCC, we analyze single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from 14 OSCC tumor samples and identify four distinct cell types, including CAFs, in the TME, indicating high intratumoral heterogeneity. Then, two subtypes of CAFs, namely, myofibroblasts (mCAFs) and inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs), are further distinguished. Based on the differentially upregulated genes of mCAFs and iCAFs, GO enrichment analysis reveals their different roles in OSCC progression. Furthermore, the gene expression pattern is dynamically altered across pseudotime, potentially taking part in the transformation from epithelial to mCAFs or iCAFs through the epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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Yang H, Liu X, Zhu X, Li X, Jiang L, Zhong M, Zhang M, Chen T, Ma M, Liang X, Lv K. CPVL promotes glioma progression via STAT1 pathway inhibition through interactions with the BTK/p300 axis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:146362. [PMID: 34784299 PMCID: PMC8783677 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CPVL (carboxypeptidase, vitellogenic-like) is a serine carboxypeptidase that was first characterized in human macrophages. However, the function of CPVL remains unclear in a variety of tumors. The quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blotting, and IHC assays were utilized to measure the CPVL expression. CPVL was significantly upregulated in glioma cells and tissues compared with normal cells and tissues, respectively. Moreover, high CPVL expression was correlated with advanced clinical grade and poor prognosis. Silencing of CPVL promoted glioma cell apoptosis, and it inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) demonstrated that CPVL silencing activated the IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway, thereby inducing glioma cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, immunopurification, mass spectrometry, IP, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down experiments elucidated that CPVL physically interacts with Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) and downregulates the STAT1 phosphorylation through promoting p300-mediated STAT1 acetylation. Our findings reveal the crucial role of CPVL in promoting the progression of glioma through suppressing STAT1 phosphorylation. CPVL might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaocen Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Tianbing Chen
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Mingzhe Ma
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuming Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kun Lv
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Liu N, Sun Y. microRNA-148a-3p-targeting p300 protects against osteoblast differentiation and osteoporotic bone reconstruction. Regen Med 2021; 16:435-449. [PMID: 34000812 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study sets out to investigate the possible effects of miRNA-148a-3p (miR-148a-3p) on osteoblast differentiation and bone remodeling following osteoporosis. Materials & methods: Expression of miR-148a-3p, p300, Nrf2 and differentiation-related proteins (Runx2, Osteocalcin and Col1a1) was examined in the osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell line, followed by identification of interaction between miR-148a-3p and p300 and between p300 and Nrf2. After ectopic expression and depletion experiments in MC3T3-E1 cells, cell proliferation, osteogenic mineralization and osteogenic differentiation were measured. Ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mouse models were established to verify function of miR-148a-3p in vivo. Results: miR-148a-3p expression was restrained and p300 and Nrf2 expression was increased during osteoblast differentiation. miR-148a-3p inhibition or p300 upregulation enhanced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. p300 was targeted by miR-148a-3p. Additionally, miR-148a-3p reduced BMD, bone volume relative to tissue volume ratio, trabecular bone, trabecular thickness and trabecular spacing in ovariectomy mice. Conclusion: Taken together, miR-148a-3p might prevent the osteoblast differentiation and bone remodeling by disrupting p300-dependent Nrf2 pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, PR China
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Park C, Lee J, Son C, Lee N. A survey of herbal medicines as tumor
microenvironment‐modulating
agents. Phytother Res 2020; 35:78-94. [PMID: 32658314 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chan‐Ran Park
- Dept. of Clinical Oncology Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Cheonan‐si Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Internal Medicine Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Internal Medicine Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
| | - Chang‐Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Internal Medicine Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
| | - Nam‐Hun Lee
- Dept. of Clinical Oncology Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Cheonan‐si Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
- Dept. of Internal Medicine Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon Daejeon‐si Republic of Korea
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Najafi M, Goradel NH, Farhood B, Salehi E, Solhjoo S, Toolee H, Kharazinejad E, Mortezaee K. Tumor microenvironment: Interactions and therapy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5700-5721. [PMID: 30378106 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a host for a complex network of heterogeneous stromal cells with overlapping or opposing functions depending on the dominant signals within this milieu. Reciprocal paracrine interactions between cancer cells with cells within the tumor stroma often reshape the TME in favor of the promotion of tumor. These complex interactions require more sophisticated approaches for cancer therapy, and, therefore, advancing knowledge about dominant drivers of cancer within the TME is critical for designing therapeutic schemes. This review will provide knowledge about TME architecture, multiple signaling, and cross communications between cells within this milieu, and its targeting for immunotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Eniseh Salehi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Solhjoo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Toolee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Najafi M, Farhood B, Mortezaee K. Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and degradation as cancer drivers. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2782-2790. [PMID: 30321449 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alteration in the density and composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs in tumors. The alterations toward both stiffness and degradation are contributed to tumor growth and progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main contributors to ECM stiffness and degradation. The cells interact with almost all cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that could enable them to modulate ECM components for tumorigenic purposes. Cross-talks between CAFs with cancer cells and macrophage type 2 (M2) cells are pivotal for ECM stiffness and degradation. CAFs induce hypoxia within the TME, which is one of the key inducers of both stiffness and degradation. Cancer cell modulatory roles in integrin receptors are key for adjusting ECM constituents to either fates. Cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as angiogenesis are consequences of ECM stiffness and degradation. ECM stiffness in a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) related pathway could make a bridge in the basement membrane, and ECM degradation in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-related pathway could make a path in the TME, both of which contribute to cancer cell invasion. ECM stiffness is also obstructive for drug penetration to the tumor site. Therefore, it would be a promising strategy to make a homeostasis in ECM for easy penetration of chemotherapeutic drugs and increasing the efficacy of antitumor approaches. MMP and TGF-β inhibitors, CAF and M2 reprogramming toward their normal counterparts, reduction of TME hypoxia and hampering integrin signaling are among the promising approaches for the modulation of ECM in favor of tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Farhood B, Najafi M, Mortezaee K. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts: Secretions, interactions, and therapy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2791-2800. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
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