Wong KW, Chen YS, Lin CL. Evaluation optimum ratio of synthetic bone graft material and platelet rich fibrin mixture in a metal 3D printed implant to enhance bone regeneration.
J Orthop Surg Res 2024;
19:299. [PMID:
38755635 PMCID:
PMC11097440 DOI:
10.1186/s13018-024-04784-y]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
This study aims to evaluate the optimal ratio of synthetic bone graft (SBG) material and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) mixed in a metal 3D-printed implant to enhance bone regeneration.
METHODS
Specialized titanium hollow implants (5 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height for rabbit; 6 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height for pig) were designed and manufactured using 3D printing technology. The implants were divided into three groups and filled with different bone graft combinations, namely (1) SBG alone; (2) PRF to SBG in 1:1 ratio; (3) PRF to SBG in 2:1 ratio. These three groups were replicated tightly into each bone defect in distal femurs of rabbits (nine implants, n = 3) and femoral shafts of pigs (fifteen implants, n = 5). Animal tissue sections were obtained after euthanasia at the 8th postoperative week. The rabbit specimens were stained with analine blue, while the pig specimens were stained with Masson-Goldner's trichrome stain to perform histologically examination. All titanium hollow implants were well anchored, except in fracture specimens (three in the rabbit and one fracture in the pig).
RESULT
Rabbit specimens under analine blue staining showed that collagen tissue increased by about 20% and 40% in the 1:1 ratio group and the 2:1 ratio group, respectively. Masson-Goldner's trichrome stain results showed that new bone growth increased by 32% in the 1:1 ratio PRF to SBG, while - 8% in the 2:1 ratio group.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that placing a 1:1 ratio combination of PRF and SBG in a stabilized titanium 3D printed implant resulted in an optimal increase in bone growth.
Collapse