Malignant Hidradenocarcinoma in the Lower Extremity: A Case Report of a Rare Tumor

Localized Hidradenocarcinoma of the Scalp: A Case Report

Hidradenocarcinomas or malignant hidradenomas are tumors developed from the sweat glands, in particular, the eccrine glands. It is a rare entity of skin tumors and frequently appears de novo with a slight female predominance and an average age of 50 years at diagnosis. We report the case of a 57-year-old woman treated for localized hidradenocarcinoma of the scalp, successfully managed by surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Sonographic and Strain Elastographic Findings of a Clear Cell Hidradenoma that Looked Like an Epidermoid Tumor: A Case Report

Clear cell hidradenoma (CCH) is a rare tumor of the sweat glands of eccrine or apocrine differentiation. It can occur anywhere in the body, but common sites of involvement are the head, face, trunk, and extremities. Although several reports have described sonographic findings of CCH, only one study on the axilla mentioned its strain elastographic findings. Here, we present a case of CCH in the right calf with its sonographic and strain elastographic findings in a tumor that looked like an epidermoid tumor.

A Case for a Local Flap as Primary Reconstruction for Hidradenocarcinoma of the Leg

Hidradenocarcinomas are rare, aggressive sweat gland tumors typically occurring in the scalp and upper extremities. They have rarely been described in the lower extremity. Due to their rarity, there is little consensus on optimal adjuvant therapy for these tumors after resection. Regardless, it is important to plan tumor excision and subsequent reconstruction with adjuvant therapy in mind. This case report describes a patient for whom a local muscle flap with skin graft provided adequate wound coverage after excision of hidradenocarcinoma and negative-pressure wound therapy. The surgical site then withstood adjuvant radiation therapy. When radiation is planned to a wound bed after tumor excision, a local muscle flap is the excellent first choice over skin graft alone regardless of wound bed characteristics.

Malignant Transformation of Nodular Hidradenoma in the Lower Leg

Nodular hidradenoma (NH) is a benign adnexal tumor that arises from either eccrine or apocrine sweat glands. NH can originate from any cutaneous site, but the most common sites are the head and anterior surface of the trunk, with very rare cases in the extremities. Long-standing NH has been reported to undergo malignant transformation to malignant NH (MNH); however, its occurrence in the lower leg is extremely rare with only one other case reported to date. In this report, we present a rare case of MNH occurring in the lower leg which was resected with the intent to make a diagnosis. At the final follow-up after 11 months, no local recurrence or metastasis has been observed.