Machado JS, Ferreira TS, Lima RCG, Vieira VC, Medeiros DSD. Premature birth: topics in physiology and pharmacological characteristics.
ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021;
67:150-155. [PMID:
34161471 DOI:
10.1590/1806-9282.67.01.20200501]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To review the main physiological and pharmacological changes related to prematurity, to promote the evidence-based clinical practice.
METHODS
This is a narrative review whose research was carried out in the ScienceDirect and Medline databases via PubMed, searching for articles in any language from January 2000 to February 2020.
RESULTS
Premature newborns are born before completing the maturation process that prepares them for extrauterine life, which occurs especially in the last weeks of pregnancy. Therefore, they have their own characteristics in development. Several physiological peculiarities stand out, such as disturbances in glucose regulation, adrenal function, thermoregulation, immunity, in addition to changes in liver, renal and respiratory functions. Pharmacological aspects were also highlighted, involving pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the recent advances in prematurity, it is still an area with many uncertainties, since several changes occur quickly and there are ethical issues that make studies difficult. Thus, it is clear that the therapeutic management of premature infants is still very much based on clinical practice.
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