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Özdemir S, Balci S. The Effect of Tub Bathing on the Skin and Bilirubin Levels of Babies Receiving Tunnel and Light-Emitting Diode Phototherapies: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Skin Wound Care 2024; 37:1-9. [PMID: 38899824 DOI: 10.1097/asw.0000000000000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of tub bathing on the skin and bilirubin levels of newborns receiving tunnel and light-emitting diode phototherapy. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, hospitalized newborns diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia treated with a tunnel or light-emitting diode device were randomly assigned to either the experimental (bath) or control (no bath) groups using a computer program. The skin integrity moisture balance of all groups was recorded using the Newborn Skin Condition Score at 6, 12, and 24 hours after phototherapy, and their total serum bilirubin measurements were evaluated. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was observed in the babies' total serum bilirubin levels; this decrease was the highest in the experimental groups. Further, the skin integrity-moisture balance was higher in the experimental groups than in the control groups; it was highest in the tunnel-experimental group and lowest in the tunnel control group. CONCLUSIONS These results show that bathing is effective in reducing total bilirubin levels. This study adds to the evidence on skin integrity and moisture balance in newborns who were bathed during phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Özdemir
- Serap Özdemir, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. Serap Balci, PhD, RN, is Professor, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Instanbul, Turkey
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Stichtenoth G, Gonser M, Hentschel R, Janke E, Maul H, Schmitt A, Steppat S, Werner J, Herting E. Betreuung von Neugeborenen in der Geburtsklinik (Entwicklungsstufe
S2k, AWMF-Leitlinien-Register-Nr. 024–005, März 2021). Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2024; 228:137-150. [PMID: 38608666 DOI: 10.1055/a-2195-3995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Stichtenoth
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
| | - Markus Gonser
- Universitätsspital Zürich, Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Zürich, Schweiz
| | - Roland Hentschel
- Neonatologie/Intensivmedizin, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
| | - Evelin Janke
- Katholische Bildungsstätte für Berufe im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen GmbH, Akademie St. Franziskus, Lingen (Ems)
| | - Holger Maul
- Geburtshilfe und Pränatalmedizin, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg
| | - Anne Schmitt
- Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken
| | | | - Janne Werner
- Florence-Nightingale-Krankenhaus, Kaiserswerther Diakonie, Düsseldorf
| | - Egbert Herting
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
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Gupta P, Nagesh K, Garg P, Thomas J, Suryawanshi P, Sethuraman G, Hazarika RD, Verma RJ, Kumar CS, Kumari S, Taneja S, Chavhan V, Thakor P, Pandita A. Evidence-Based Consensus Recommendations for Skin Care in Healthy, Full-Term Neonates in India. Pediatric Health Med Ther 2023; 14:249-265. [PMID: 37654800 PMCID: PMC10465361 DOI: 10.2147/phmt.s414091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neonatal skin care practices guided by personal experience and preferences might be substantially different across different hospital settings. The aim of this consensus recommendation is to provide clinical practice guidance to healthcare practitioners on evidence-based neonatal skin care practices from delivery-to-discharge, in hospital settings. Patients and Methods A Scientific Advisory Board meeting on "Evidence-based Neonatal Skin Care Practices and Protocols" was held in December 2020 with an expert panel comprising neonatologists, pediatricians, obstetricians and gynecologists and pediatric dermatologist. Comprehensive literature search was performed up to 23 March 2021 using PubMed and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant evidence. Results Recommendations were developed on critical aspects of skin care in healthy full-term neonates including cleansing at birth, skin-to-skin care, cord care, diaper area care, initial and routine bathing, cleansers and emollients use, and criteria to choose appropriate skin care products. Recommendations include inclusion of skin assessment in routine neonatal care, first bath timing after cardio-respiratory and thermal stabilization, 6-24 hours after birth; bathing with water alone or adding a mild liquid cleanser could be considered appropriate as it does not impact the developing skin barrier; use of emollients is recommended for neonates with higher risk of development of eczema to maintain and enhance skin barrier function and integrity; and inclusion of skin care advice in neonatal discharge checklist. Importance of rigorous quality control, high-quality clinical trials for assessment of baby products, usage of products that are formulated appropriately for newborns, and full label transparency for baby products were highlighted. The panel identified gaps in literature and discussed the scope for future research. Conclusion These recommendations may help to standardize evidence-based skin care for healthy full-term neonates in Indian hospital settings to improve the quality of care that neonates receive in hospital and facilitate improvement in overall neonatal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Karthik Nagesh
- Department of Neonatology, Manipal Hospitals Group (MHEPL), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Department of Neonatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayakar Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Giridhar Sethuraman
- Department of Neonatology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rashna Dass Hazarika
- Department of Pediatrics & Neonatology, Nemcare Superspecialty Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rahul J Verma
- Department of Neonatology & General Pediatrics, Sir H.N Reliance Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - C Suresh Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Apollo Cradle, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shantha Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sunil Taneja
- Sushrut Medical Centre Pvt Ltd, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaishali Chavhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahyadri Superspecialty Hospitals, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priti Thakor
- Department of Medical Affairs, JNTL Consumer Health (India) Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Pandita
- Department of Medical Affairs, JNTL Consumer Health (India) Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Beyene Derribow A, Demissie M, Abebe S, Obsa M, Endeshaw F, Asnake H, Yosef Y, Taddese B. Early Baby Bathing Practice and its Associated Factors Among Mothers who Give Birth in the Past One Month in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia, 2022. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231168180. [PMID: 37050935 PMCID: PMC10084535 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231168180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ethiopia has still suffered the highest burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization's practical guide for the thermal protection of newborns recommends delaying the bathing of newborns for at least 24 h following delivery, as it is crucial to prevent neonatal mortality and morbidity and to achieve 2030 sustainable development goals. However, little is known about delayed newborn bathing practices in Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess early baby bathing practices and associated factors among postpartum women. Methods A mixed community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 582 postnatal mothers. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was entered into Epi-Data version 4.2.0 and exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Three focus group discussions with postnatal mothers were used for qualitative data. A purposive sampling method was used. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used in the analysis. To declare statistically significant, p-values of .05 were used. Result This study revealed that 250 (43%) mothers were practicing early newborn bathing. Early baby bathing was associated with antenatal care (ANC) follow-up (AOR = 5.1 = .95% CI = (2.6-9.9)), having no recent complications during birth (AOR = 1.9 = 95% CI = (1.02-3.6), having information about the time of baby bathing (AOR = 6.02, 95% CI = (3.9, 9.3)), knowledge of hypothermia (AOR = 3.3 = 95.6% CI (1.9-5.8), and poor knowledge about neonatal danger signs. Conclusion and Recommendation ANC follow-up, recent complications during birth, having information, knowledge about hypothermia, and neonatal danger signs were significantly associated with early baby bathing. Continuous health education on the appropriate time of baby bathing and neonatal danger signs and enhanced ANC service utilization are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aberash Beyene Derribow
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
- Aberash Beyene Derribow, Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
| | - Mebratu Demissie
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Seboka Abebe
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Megertu Obsa
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Fikremariam Endeshaw
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Haregwa Asnake
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Yirgalem Yosef
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Betelhem Taddese
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Timing of Post-bath Skin Moisturizer Application to Newborn Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study. Adv Skin Wound Care 2023; 36:1-8. [PMID: 36537778 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000901860.26683.7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the timing of postbath moisturizer application affected the skin moisture (SM) and body temperature (BT) of newborn infants. METHODS The researchers conducted a randomized controlled study with 80 newborns who were monitored in a university hospital between March 2017 and May 2018. In both the control and experimental groups, newborns were bathed and dried. However, in the control group, moisturizer was applied immediately to the newborn's body, whereas in the experimental group, moisturizer was applied 10 minutes after the completion of the bath. Researchers evaluated the BT and SM of all infants both before and immediately after the bath and at 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes postbath. RESULTS The control and experimental groups were similar according to the descriptive characteristics of the infants (P > .05). In both groups, infants' SM values increased in the first 10 minutes after the bath compared with the prebath values (P < .05). However, the whole-body SM value of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group 60 minutes postbath (P = .027). There was also a statistically significant change in the body temperatures of infants in both groups after bathing (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Waiting 10 minutes postbath before applying moisturizer positively affected newborns' SM and BT. Additional research with a broader age range and a more diverse sample is needed to further clarify the effects of postbath moisturizer application timing on newborns' SM and BT.
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Topan LHMG, Carvalho VO, Abagge KT. Randomized trial with soaps - what happens to a newborn baby's skin? J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98:204-211. [PMID: 34174212 PMCID: PMC9432187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effectiveness of a children's soap with physiological pH in maintaining cutaneous pH and moisture of the newborn (NB)'s skin after the first bath. METHODS Randomized, controlled and double-blind clinical trial in a rooming-in of a tertiary maternity hospital in southern Brazil with 204 newborns > 34 gestational weeks. Gestational and obstetric history was evaluated, and newborns were randomized into two groups according to the product applied in the bath: the control group (CG), which used common liquid soap with pH 7.0 and experimental group (EG), which used children's liquid soap with pH 5.8. Evaluation was made immediately before and after bath with skin pH measurement, corneometry and clinical parameters (erythema, scaling and moisture), on the forehead, abdomen and thigh. RESULTS There was no difference between groups regarding gestational, obstetric and family history (p > 0.05). In CG, skin pH increased in the abdomen and thigh (p < 0.05). In EG there was an improvement in clinical parameters after bathing with: increased moisture, less erythema and less scaling (p < 0.05). On the forehead, there was a significant increase in pH after bathing (p < 0.001) similar in both groups, although no use of soap. There was no difference in corneometry between groups after bathing. CONCLUSION Children's liquid soap with physiological pH maintained the acidic skin pH and moisture of the newborn's skin after the first bath, which reinforces the importance of using products with physiological pH in the hygiene of newborns. Registration number RBR-9ky84vd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Habib Mendonça Gois Topan
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Vânia Oliveira Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Kerstin Taniguchi Abagge
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Ramos MCM, Veríssimo MDLÓR, Velasco MVR. Análisis del rótulo y características de los jabones utilizados en la piel del recién nacido. J Wound Care 2022; 31:10-21. [PMID: 36789927 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.latam_sup_5.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Objetivo: Analizar la información del rótulo, y las características físicas y fisicoquímicas de los jabones usados en recién nacidos (RN). Método: Estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo de 17 jabones comercializados en San Pablo, Brasil. Se analizó la información del rótulo (tensioactivos, pruebas de seguridad y descripción del valor de pH), y las características físicas (color y fragancia) y fisicoquímicas (valor de pH) del producto; las dos últimas, en laboratorio. Resultados: Se identificaron 27 tipos de tensioactivos: 70,3% (n=19) aniónicos, 18,5% (n=5) anfóteros y 11,1% (n=3) no iónicos. El 37% (n=10) tuvo un potencial moderado de irritación. En cuanto a las pruebas de seguridad, la mayoría de las formulaciones (94,1%) citó “dermatológicamente probado”. Sólo 42% citó “oftalmológicamente probado”. La translucidez estuvo presente en 23,5% (n=4) de los jabones. Todas las formulaciones presentaron fragancia. El promedio más alto de valor de pH fue de jabones en barra tradicionales (9,94 DE 0,81). Conclusión: Las formulaciones analizadas indicaron un potencial de irritación bajo o moderado. Cuatro jabones líquidos y uno en barra combinados tuvieron valores cercanos a los del pH de la piel del RN, y mostraron ser adecuados para la homeostasis de la barrera cutánea. Aunque las formulaciones citaron “dermatológicamente probado”, no todas citaron “oftalmológicamente probado”. Este estudio proporciona elementos para seleccionar un jabón adecuado para el RN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mily C Moreno Ramos
- Programa de Posgrado en Enfermería (PPGE), Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, San Pablo, Brasil
| | - Maria de La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Psiquiátrica, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, San Pablo, Brasil
| | - Maria V Robles Velasco
- Departamento de Farmácia, Facultad de Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidade de São Paulo, San Pablo, Brasil
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Öz Ö, Uysal G, Düzkaya DS. Effect of Two Bathing Methods on Physiologic Parameters in Pediatric Intensive Care. Clin Nurs Res 2021; 31:858-865. [PMID: 34538125 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211043337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To determine the effect of traditional and disposable bed baths performed in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) on the physiologic parameters of children. This research was conducted as a randomized controlled trial with children who were monitored in the PICU. It was found that the pulse and blood pressure immediately after the bath were higher for both bath applications and was the lowest 30 minutes after the bath (p < .05). Children who used traditional baths had a lower body temperature than those who used the disposable bed bath after bathing for the second day. Oxygen saturation averages were found that within the group to be the highest 30 minutes after bathing methods (p < .05). Both bathing methods applied in the PICU had a positive effect on physiologic parameters. It may be recommended to regularly perform the most appropriate bathing for patients with stable hemodynamics in PICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgül Öz
- Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa-Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülzade Uysal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Sönmez Düzkaya
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
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Evidence-Based Medicine G, Neonatologist S, Chinese Medical Doctor A. [Guidelines for neonatal skin management in the neonatal intensive care unit (2021)]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021; 23:659-670. [PMID: 34266521 PMCID: PMC8292657 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neonates are easily suffering from local or systematic infections due to their vulnerable skin barrier function, which leads to the increasing risk of death. Therefore, it is important to protect neonatal skin integrity and prevent neonatal skin injury in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and current evidence, the guidelines for neonatal skin management in the NICU were developed to provide recommendations on routine skin care and prevention and treatment of iatrogenic skin injury of neonates for health care providers.
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Physiologic Changes during Sponge Bathing in Premature Infants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052467. [PMID: 33802268 PMCID: PMC7967592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we observed physiological reactions of premature infants during sponge bathing in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The infants’ body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored to examine hypothermia risks during bathing. The participants of the study were 32 premature infants who were hospitalized right after their birth in the V hospital in Korea between December 2012 and August 2013. The informed consents of the study were received from the infants’ parents. The infants were randomly assigned into two-day and four-day bath cycle groups and their physiological reactions were monitored before bathing as well as 5 and 10 min after bathing. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package through t-test. A significant drop in body temperature was noted in both groups; that is, 4-day bathing cycle and 2-day bathing cycle (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant changes in heart rate or transcutaneous oxygen levels. There was no significant change between groups at each measurement point. In order to minimize the physiological instability that may be caused during bathing, the care providers should try to complete bathing within the shortest possible time and to make bathing a pleasant and useful stimulus for infants.
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Santos ASTD, Góes FGB, Ledo BC, Silva LFD, Bastos MPDC, Silva MDA. FAMILY LEARNING DEMANDS ABOUT POST-NATAL NEWBORN CARE. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2019-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the learning demands of puerperal women and their families about postnatal newborn care based on their knowledge and practices. Method this is a qualitative research developed through the Dynamis of Concrete of the Sensitive Creative Method, with 19 puerperal women and families of low-risk newborns, in a municipal hospital in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March to June 2019. Data were submitted to lexicographic analysis using the software IRaMuTeQ. Results different families’ knowledge and practices regarding postnatal newborn care were identified, in addition to different learning demands related to newborns’ body hygiene, including bathing and handling the umbilical stump, and nutrition, in relation to breastfeeding and use of artificial nipples. Conclusion health professionals, including nurses, need to develop dialogical educational practices based on families’ learning demands, from prenatal care, going through the discharge process in the maternity hospital, until post-discharge in primary care, aiming at promoting safe and quality care for newborns.
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Taşdemir Hİ, Efe E. The effect of delaying first bathing on skin barrier function in late preterm infants: A study protocol for multi-centre, single-blind RCT. J Adv Nurs 2020; 77:1051-1061. [PMID: 33210328 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study aims to examine the effect of delaying first bathing on skin barrier function, body temperature, and neonatal comfort of late preterm infants. DESIGN This study is a multi-centre, single-blind, prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS We attempt to report this randomized controlled trial to comply with the SPIRIT. The study population will consist of 80 late preterm infants born at three centres (hospitals) in Turkey. The study, between September 2020-September 2021 will be held in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The participants will be randomly divided into two groups, each with different bathing times. The first group (N = 40) will be bathed between 24-48 hr after birth and the second group (N = 40) will be bathed between 48-72 hr after birth. Each group's intervention will be performed by a blinded researcher. The infants' transepidermal water loss, body temperature, and comfort level will be measured before the bath and again at three times after the bath. The measurements will be taken by a blinded researcher and blinded nurse. DISCUSSION The benefits of infant bathing are known. However, the effect of delaying first bathing of late preterm infants on skin barrier function is unknown. At the same time, the effect of delaying bathing on maintaining body temperature and neonatal comfort is unknown. IMPACT This study is expected to provide a piece of credible evidence of the delay of first bathing and benefit of neonatal care in this population. It is thought that postponing bathing time of late preterm infants to 48-72 hr after birth will lead to a protective effect on skin barrier and temperature. It will be performed in clinical practice if it can effectively improve transepidermal water loss and heat loss. TRIAL REGISTRATION It was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov in January 2020 (NCT04231799).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emine Efe
- Child Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Kyle MH, Glassman ME, Khan A, Fernández CR, Hanft E, Emeruwa UN, Scripps T, Walzer L, Liao GV, Saslaw M, Rubenstein D, Hirsch DS, Keown MK, Stephens A, Mollicone I, Bence ML, Gupta A, Sultan S, Sibblies C, Whittier S, Abreu W, Akita F, Penn A, Orange JS, Saiman L, Welch MG, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Stockwell MS, Dumitriu D. A review of newborn outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semin Perinatol 2020; 44:151286. [PMID: 32826081 PMCID: PMC7376345 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide, it is crucial that we determine populations that are at-risk and develop appropriate clinical care policies to protect them. While several respiratory illnesses are known to seriously impact pregnant women and newborns, preliminary data on the novel SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus suggest that these groups are no more at-risk than the general population. Here, we review the available literature on newborns born to infected mothers and show that newborns of mothers with positive/suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection rarely acquire the disease or show adverse clinical outcomes. With this evidence in mind, it appears that strict postnatal care policies, including separating mothers and newborns, discouraging breastfeeding, and performing early bathing, may be more likely to adversely impact newborns than they are to reduce the low risk of maternal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or the even lower risk of severe COVID-19 disease in otherwise healthy newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Kyle
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Psychiatry Department, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Melissa E Glassman
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Adrita Khan
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Cristina R Fernández
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Erin Hanft
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Ukachi N Emeruwa
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Tessa Scripps
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Lauren Walzer
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Grace V Liao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Minna Saslaw
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - David Rubenstein
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Daniel S Hirsch
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - M Kathleen Keown
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Ashley Stephens
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Isabelle Mollicone
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Mary L Bence
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Archana Gupta
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Sally Sultan
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Caroline Sibblies
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Susan Whittier
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Wanda Abreu
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA
| | - Francis Akita
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Anna Penn
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Jordan S Orange
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Lisa Saiman
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Martha G Welch
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Psychiatry Department, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Melissa S Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Dani Dumitriu
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Psychiatry Department, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY USA; Sackler Institute, Zuckerman Institute, and the Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY USA.
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Mardini J, Rahme C, Matar O, Abou Khalil S, Hallit S, Fadous Khalife MC. Newborn's first bath: any preferred timing? A pilot study from Lebanon. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:430. [PMID: 32928289 PMCID: PMC7491191 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To try to find the most appropriate time for the newborn’s first bath. This prospective randomized study was conducted in one hospital (July–September 2017). Results A higher percentage of newborns who had a skin-to-skin contact with their mothers had their bath at 24 h vs 2 h after birth (65.2% vs 33.3%; p = 0.01). A higher percentage of mothers who helped in their baby’s bath had their baby’s bath at 24 h vs 2 h (65.2% vs 5.9%; p < 0.001) and vs 6 h (65.2% vs 15.7%; p < 0.001) respectively. A higher mean incubation time was seen between newborns who had their bath at 2 h (2.10 vs 1.78; p = 0.002) and 6 h (2.18 vs 1.78; p = 0.003) compared to those who had their bath at 24 h respectively. A higher percentage of newborns who took their first bath 24 h after birth were calm compared to crying vigorously (38.6% vs 9.1%; p = 0.04). Delaying newborn first bath until 24 h of life was associated with benefits (reducing hypothermia and vigorous crying, benefit from the vernix caseosa on the skin and adequate time of skin-to-skin contact and mother participation in her child’s bathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Mardini
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Pediatrics and Neonatology Department, Notre Dame Des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Clara Rahme
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Odette Matar
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Notre Dame Des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sophia Abou Khalil
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Notre Dame Des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique Et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Marie-Claude Fadous Khalife
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Pediatrics and Neonatology Department, Notre Dame Des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon.
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KAN ÖNTÜRK Z, GÖZEN D. THE EFFECTS OF DRESSING UP PRETERM INFANTS AFTER TUB BATHING ON MOISTURE LOSS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.609402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Taşdemir Hİ, Efe E. The effect of tub bathing and sponge bathing on neonatal comfort and physiological parameters in late preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 99:103377. [PMID: 31442786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing comfort and physiological stabilization in preterm infants during neonatal care improves their neurophysiological development. Bathing procedures that support this development and will not expose the newborn to stress should be preferred. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of tub bathing and sponge bathing methods on the physiological parameters (i.e., heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, body temperature) and comfort of late preterm infants. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03796312. SETTINGS The trial was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit of a university hospital in Antalya, Turkey. METHODS Late preterm infants (gestational age between 34 0/7 weeks and 36 6/7 weeks) were randomly assigned by a computer program to either intervention (tub bath) or control group (sponge bath). The physiological parameters and comfort of preterm infants in both groups were evaluated at 10 min before the bath. Infant comfort was reevaluated 10 min after the procedure, while physiological parameters were reevaluated after 15 and 30 min. Preterm infant heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, body temperature and comfort behaviors were assessed by two independent evaluators who were blinded to the purpose of the study at different phases across the two bathing protocols. Written consent was obtained from the university and hospital ethics committee where the research was performed, and from the families of the infants participating in the study. SPSS 20.0 and SAS 9.3 were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed by percentage distribution, mean, repeated analysis, variance analysis, Bonferroni analysis as a further analysis and t-test in dependent groups. RESULTS Approximately 120 preterm infants completed the protocol (60 in each group). The two groups did not differ in gestational age, sex, weight or other demographic variables (p > 0.05). Tub bathing was more effective in reducing preterm infants' comfort scores (9.47 ± 2.55 vs. 14.85 ± 4.77, p < 0.001) and heart rate than sponge bathing (132.88 ± 12.00 vs. 144.00 ± 17.74, p < 0.05). Preterm infants in the tub bathing group maintained their body temperature better than those in the sponge bathing group (36.75 ± 0.26 vs. 36.59 ± 0.25, p < 0.05). There was no difference in oxygen saturation (98.35 ± 0.88 vs. 97.85 ± 1.36, p = 0.291) or respiratory rate (45.57 ± 5.39 vs. 47.20 ± 5.41, p = 0.472) between the tub and sponge bathing groups. CONCLUSIONS Tub bathing is a safer, more pleasurable/comfortable bathing option and is the recommended method for bathing healthy, late preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil İbrahim Taşdemir
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Child Health Nursing Department, Akdeniz Universitesi Nursing Faculty, 07058, Campus, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Emine Efe
- Akdeniz University, Nursing Faculty, Child Health Nursing Department, Akdeniz Universitesi Nursing Faculty, 07058, Campus, Antalya, Turkey.
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Gözen D, Çaka SY, Beşirik SA, Perk Y. First bathing time of newborn infants after birth: A comparative analysis. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2019; 24:e12239. [PMID: 30887671 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was designed as an experimental study to describe the effect of the first bathing time on the body temperature and skin moisture of a newborn after birth. DESIGN AND METHODS The study population consisted of term newborns between January and June 2016 in the Istanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital at Istanbul. The sample group was randomly divided into two groups according to different bathing times. The first group (39 infants) was given a bath 24 hr after birth, and the second group (34 infants) was given a bath 48 hr after birth. The infants in both the groups were dried with the first towel and then wrapped in a second dry towel, and a cap put to prevent hypothermia and to minimize any minor fluid loss. The body temperature and skin moisture level were measured before the bath, after the bath, and 10 min after the bath. RESULTS It was determined that the 10th-minute body temperatures of the infants with the first bathing time 48 hr after birth were significantly higher compared with the infants with the first bath time 24 hr after birth (Z = -2.654; p = .008). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Postponing of the first bathing time of newborns to 48 hr after birth was effective in preserving the body temperature of the infant. Postponing the bath to the 48th hr improved moisture, which may improve skin integrity and aid with skin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Gözen
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Y Çaka
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Sakarya University, Faculty of Health Science, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Selda A Beşirik
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University, Faculty of Health Science, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Perk
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Pediatric, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Turney J, Lowther A, Pyka J, Mollon D, Fields W. Delayed Newborn First Bath and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates. Nurs Womens Health 2019; 23:31-37. [PMID: 30593766 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an evidence-based practice project to evaluate the effect of delaying a newborn's first bath on exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge. DESIGN A pre- and post-implementation evaluation of the effect of delaying the first bath on exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge. SETTING A postpartum unit in a southern California community hospital. PARTICIPANTS Breastfeeding dyads of women and newborns (>37 weeks gestational age) who were admitted to the postpartum unit. INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS Postpartum nurses involved in the unit practice council, in collaboration with unit leadership, changed the newborn's first bath practice through development of a bathing guideline, nurse education, and mother education. Measurements of the practice change included time of the first bath and exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge. RESULTS We observed an increased time for the newborn's first bath from 6.88 hours to 13.71 hours (p ≤ .001). The number of times women chose not to bathe their newborns while in the hospital also increased by approximately seven times, from 0.16% to 1.1%. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge did not change significantly after implementation (p ≥ .05), regardless of when the first bath was given. CONCLUSION Delaying a newborn's first bath was not associated with an increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates. More research is needed to determine the effect of bath times.
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Effects of Underrunning Water Bathing and Immersion Tub Bathing on Vital Signs of Newborn Infants: A Comparative Analysis. Adv Neonatal Care 2018; 18:E3-E12. [PMID: 30507829 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newborn infants are susceptible to hypothermia during bathing due to environmental conditions. PURPOSE This study examined the effects of 2 common newborn bathing methods used in Turkey, underrunning water bathing (URWB) and immersion tub bathing (ITB), on infant heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, and body temperature. METHODS In this randomized controlled study, 44 newborns were allocated to the ITB group and 36 newborns to the URWB group. Body temperature, HR, and oxygen saturation values of the newborns were compared between groups every hour during 4 hours before the bath to evaluate infants' vital sign stability. All measurements were compared at 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes after the bath too. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in vital signs performed prior to bathing as compared with after bathing; however, changes in oxygen saturation at 20 minutes after the bath were significantly higher in the ITB group (P < .05). CONCLUSION Although both bathing methods decreased overall infant body temperature, ITB positively affected newborn oxygen saturation and HR to a greater degree compared with URWB. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE ITB facilitated maintenance of oxygen saturation and HR during the bath and should be preferred for newborn infants to feel more relaxed. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH These findings indicate a need for additional studies with larger sample sizes to further evaluate the effect of different bathing methods on newborn comfort.
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Ruschel LM, Pedrini DB, Cunha MLCD. Hipotermia e banho do recém-nascido nas primeiras horas de vida. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2018; 39:e20170263. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2018.20170263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumo OBJETIVO analisar a ocorrência de hipotermia em recém-nascidos antes e após o banho nas primeiras horas de vida. MÉTODO estudo transversal, no qual se verificou a temperatura axilar de recém-nascidos antes do banho, após o banho, 30 minutos após o banho e 60 minutos, no Centro Obstétrico. Na análise estatística utilizou-se os Testes Qui-Quadrado, t de Student e Mann-Whitney, com α = 0,05. RESULTADOS Foram incluídos 149 recém-nascidos no estudo, evidenciando-se a prevalência de hipotermia neonatal em 40,3% dos casos, tendo associação com significância estatística (p< 0,001) entre a ocorrência de hipotermia neonatal em todos os momentos de verificação de temperatura axilar. Constatou-se correlação estatística significativa entre as variáveis: temperatura da sala de parto e a verificação da temperatura 60 minutos após o banho (p= 0,032). CONCLUSÕES Conclui-se que o primeiro banho pode ser adiado para favorecer a adaptação do neonato ao ambiente extrauterino, prevenindo a ocorrência de hipotermia neonatal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma Maiara Ruschel
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Fernández D, Antolín-Rodríguez R. Bathing a Premature Infant in the Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review. J Pediatr Nurs 2018; 42:e52-e57. [PMID: 29779763 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Daily bathing of the preterm infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a process that is usually done routinely, but it can cause many adverse effects on the stability of the infant. Highlights include decreased body temperature and increased stress, which can cause alterations in its proper growth and development. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included both descriptive studies and analytical studies that evaluated the effects of bathing on the physiological state of the preterm infants admitted to NICU. The limit on the time of publication was not established and the languages included were Spanish and English. RESULTS Ten articles (438 patients) met the inclusion criteria, of which one was a quasi-experimental trial, five randomized clinical trials, one cohort study and three followed a descriptive design. A comparison has been made according to the type of bath: sponge bath, bathtub and Swaddle bath, showing that the Swaddle bath was less related to temperature changes and stress levels. It was also shown that the frequency of bathing can be reduced every 96 h without increasing the risk of infection. Finally, it has been observed that the nurse's behavior is also closely related to the stress suffered by the premature infant. CONCLUSIONS This paper reveals the importance of correctly bathing premature infants as hospital admission, re-entry and morbidity and mortality may be reduced. IMPLICATIONS Swaddle bath has been shown to be the best method for bathing preterm infants in the Neonatal intensive Care Unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernández
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Leon, Spain.
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Effect of Timing of the First Bath on a Healthy Newborn's Temperature. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2018; 47:608-619. [PMID: 30096281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if a healthy newborn's age in hours (3, 6, or 9 hours after birth) affects thermoregulatory status after the first bath as indicated by axillary and skin temperatures. DESIGN Quasi-experimental, mixed-model (between subjects and within subjects) design with hours of age as the nonrepeated variable and prebath and postbath temperatures as the repeated variables. SETTING Family-centered care unit at an urban hospital in the southwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS Healthy newborns (N = 75) 37 weeks or more completed gestation. METHODS Mothers chose time of first bath based on available time slots (n = 25 newborns in each age group). Research nurses sponge bathed the newborns in the mothers' rooms. Axillary temperature, an index of core temperature, was measured with a digital thermometer, and skin temperature, an index of body surface temperature, was measured with a thermography camera. Temperatures were taken before the bath; immediately after the bath; and 5, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after the bath. Immediately after the bath, newborns were placed in skin-to-skin care (SSC) for 60 or more minutes. RESULTS We found a difference (p = .0372) in axillary temperatures between the 3- and 9-hour age groups, although this difference was not clinically significant (0.18 °F [0.10 °C]). We found no statistically significant differences in skin temperatures among the three age groups. Regardless of age group, axillary and skin temperatures initially decreased and then recovered after the bath. CONCLUSION For up to 2 hours postbath, axillary and skin temperatures were not different between healthy newborns bathed at 3, 6, or 9 hours of age. Thermography holds promise for learning about thermoregulation, bathing, and SSC.
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Ceylan SS, Bolւşւk B. Effects of Swaddled and Sponge Bathing Methods on Signs of Stress and Pain in Premature Newborns: Implications for Evidence-Based Practice. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2018; 15:296-303. [DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Serap Ceylan
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences; Pamukkale University; Denizli Turkey
| | - Bahire Bolւşւk
- Associate Professor; Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
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Çaka SY, Gözen D. Effects of swaddled and traditional tub bathing methods on crying and physiological responses of newborns. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2018; 23. [PMID: 29160925 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two bathing methods on crying duration and physiological measurements of newborns. DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized trial design was used in this study. The sample consisted of newborns (n = 80) who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of a university hospital located in a large city. The groups were determined as swaddled bathing (SB) (n = 40) and traditional tub bathing (TTB) (n = 40) by using random number table. All newborns were bathed 24 hours after the birth. Environmental variables were organised identically in both experimental and control groups. Duration of bathing was determined as maximum 5 min in both groups. Body temperature, heart rate (HR), and O2 saturation values were evaluated before bath, just after the bath and at 10 min after the bath. The groups were compared in terms of all vital symptoms and duration of crying during bath. Pre-bath and post-bath stress levels between newborns in both groups were compared by using the Newborn Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). RESULTS When the newborns were compared based on groups, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between SB and TTB groups in terms of the gestational week, APGAR score, postnatal age, and body weight. Body temperatures of the newborns in SB group just after the bath and 10 minutes after the bath were significantly higher than those in TTB group. HR was higher in TTB group in the post-bath period. NIPS scores of the newborns in SB group after bath decreased at a statistically significant level, but the scores of the newborns in TTB group increased. The results of the study indicated that SB was effective in maintaining body temperature, SpO2 level, and HR of newborns within normal limits and may decrease stress experienced during the bath. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Swaddled bathing decreases behavioural stress symptoms such as crying, agitation, and pulling arms and legs back unintentionally and thus the infants feel relaxed. Swaddled bathing can be recommended because swaddled bathing method decreases behavioural stress symptoms in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Yalnızoğlu Çaka
- Sakarya University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Gözen
- Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
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Suchy C, Morton C, Ramos RR, Ehrgott A, Quental MM, Burridge A, Rutledge DN. Does Changing Newborn Bath Procedure Alter Newborn Temperatures and Exclusive Breastfeeding? Neonatal Netw 2018; 37:4-10. [PMID: 29436352 DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.37.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This evidence-based practice project evaluated effects of changing timing/character of initial newborn baths on infant temperatures and breastfeeding status. BACKGROUND The hospital protocol for initial bathing procedures was updated: immersion baths; 12 hours postpartum; family included. METHODS Staff nurse champions provided staff training. The evaluation included three seven-week periods (2016-2017) and three measures: adherence, temperature stabilization, and exclusive breastfeeding. RESULTS Of 1,205 38-week healthy newborns, 322 were born preimplementation (Pre), 486 after (Post), and 397 during maintenance (M). Adherence to bath timing increased and was maintained: 28 percent Pre; 83 percent Post; 85 percent M. Almost 100 percent of newborns had stable temperatures. Breastfeeding exclusivity rates did not change (ps greater than or equal to .05): baths less than 12 hours: 79 percent Pre, 74 percent Post, and 68 percent M; baths 12 hours: 68 percent Pre, 71 percent Post, and 73 percent M. IMPLICATIONS Changing bath time/character for healthy newborns maintained thermoregulation and exclusive breastfeeding rates. Nurses changed practice quickly, maintaining adherence over time.
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Effects of Father-Neonate Skin-to-Skin Contact on Attachment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nurs Res Pract 2017; 2017:8612024. [PMID: 28194281 PMCID: PMC5282438 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8612024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines how skin-to-skin contact between father and newborn affects the attachment relationship. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a regional teaching hospital and a maternity clinic in northern Taiwan. The study recruited 83 first-time fathers aged 20 years or older. By block randomization, participants were allocated to an experimental (n = 41) or a control (n = 42) group. With the exception of skin-to-skin contact (SSC), participants from each group received the same standard care. Both groups also received an Early Childcare for Fathers nursing pamphlet. During the first three days postpartum, the intervention group members were provided a daily SSC intervention with their respective infants. Each intervention session lasted at least 15 minutes in length. The outcome measure was the Father-Child Attachment Scale (FCAS). After adjusting for demographic data, the changes to the mean FCAS were found to be significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. We recommend that nurses and midwives use instructional leaflets and demonstrations during postpartum hospitalization, encouraging new fathers to take an active role in caring for their newborn in order to enhance father-neonate interactions and establish parental confidence. This trial is registered with clinical trial registration number NCT02886767.
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Cardin AD, Rens L, Stewart S, Danner-Bowman K, McCarley R, Kopsas R. Neuroprotective Core Measures 1–7: A Developmental Care Journey: Transformations in NICU Design and Caregiving Attitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.nainr.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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