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Grazzini G, Cozzi D, Flammia F, Grassi R, Agostini A, Belfiore MP, Borgheresi A, Mazzei MA, Floridi C, Carrafiello G, Giovagnoni A, Pradella S, Miele V. Hepatic tumors: pitfall in diagnostic imaging. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:9-17. [PMID: 32945274 PMCID: PMC7944669 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i8-s.9969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
On computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hepatocellular tumors are characterized based on typical imaging findings. However, hepatocellular adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatocellular carcinoma can show uncommon appearances at CT and MRI, which may lead to diagnostic challenges. When assessing focal hepatic lesions, radiologists need to be aware of these atypical imaging findings to avoid misdiagnoses that can alter the management plan. The purpose of this review is to illustrate a variety of pitfalls and atypical features of hepatocellular tumors that can lead to misinterpretations providing specific clues to the correct diagnoses. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Grazzini
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Diletta Cozzi
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Federica Flammia
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Roberta Grassi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Andrea Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche and Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maria Paola Belfiore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta Mazzei
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
| | - Chiara Floridi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche and Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, Italy.
| | - Gianpaolo Carrafiello
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy..
| | - Andrea Giovagnoni
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche and Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pradella
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Miele
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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