1
|
Yildirim M, Yildirim H. CT radiomics-based machine learning model for differentiating between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39311. [PMID: 39151512 PMCID: PMC11332721 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
It may be difficult to distinguish between enchondroma and low-grade malignant cartilage tumors (grade 1) radiologically. This study aimed to construct machine learning models using 3D computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics analysis to differentiate low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. A total of 30 patients with enchondroma and 26 with chondrosarcoma were included in this retrospective study. Tumor volume segmentation was manually performed by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists. In total, 107 radiomic features were obtained for each patient. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess interobserver reliability and estimate the absolute agreement between the 2 radiologists. Algorithm-based information gain was used as a feature reduction method, and the 5 most important features were detected. For classification, 7 machine learning models were utilized. Classification was carried out using either all features or 5 features. There was good to excellent agreement between the 2 radiologists for the 107 features of each patient. Therefore, a dataset containing 107 features was used for machine learning classification. When assessed based on area under curve (AUC) values, classification using all features revealed that naive Bayes was the best model (AUC = 0.950), while classification using 5 features revealed that random forest was the best model for differentiating chondrosarcoma from enchondroma (AUC = 0.967). In conclusion, machine learning models using CT-based radiomics analysis can be used to differentiate between low-grade chondrosarcoma and enchondroma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yildirim
- Firat University School of Medicine Department of Radiology, Elaziğ, Turkey
| | - Hanefi Yildirim
- Firat University School of Medicine Department of Radiology, Elaziğ, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yoon H, Choi WH, Joo MW, Ha S, Chung YA. SPECT/CT Radiomics for Differentiating between Enchondroma and Grade I Chondrosarcoma. Tomography 2023; 9:1868-1875. [PMID: 37888740 PMCID: PMC10610631 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9050148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to assess the value of SPECT/CT radiomics parameters in differentiating enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACTs) located in the long bones. Quantitative HDP SPECT/CT data of 49 patients with enchondromas or ACTs in the long bones were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were randomly split into training (n = 32) and test (n = 17) data, and SPECT/CT radiomics parameters were extracted. In training data, LASSO was employed for feature reduction. Selected parameters were compared with classic quantitative parameters for the prediction of diagnosis. Significant parameters from training data were again tested in the test data. A total of 12 (37.5%) and 6 (35.2%) patients were diagnosed as ACTs in training and test data, respectively. LASSO regression selected two radiomics features, zone-length non-uniformity for zone (ZLNUGLZLM) and coarseness for neighborhood grey-level difference (CoarsenessNGLDM). Multivariate analysis revealed higher ZLNUGLZLM as the only significant independent factor for the prediction of ACTs, with sensitivity and specificity of 85.0% and 58.3%, respectively, with a cut-off value of 191.26. In test data, higher ZLNUGLZLM was again associated with the diagnosis of ACTs, with sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 90.9%, respectively. HDP SPECT/CT radiomics may provide added value for differentiating between enchondromas and ACTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyukjin Yoon
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.Y.); (W.H.C.)
| | - Woo Hee Choi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (H.Y.); (W.H.C.)
| | - Min Wook Joo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seunggyun Ha
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong-An Chung
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Update of pediatric bone tumors-notochordal tumors, chondrogenic tumors, and vascular tumors of the bone. Skeletal Radiol 2022; 52:1101-1117. [PMID: 36369290 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous bone tumors in the pediatric population, with imaging playing an essential role in diagnosis and management. Our understanding of certain bone tumors has rapidly evolved over the past decade with advancements in next-generation genetic sequencing techniques. This increased level of understanding has altered the nomenclature, management approach, and prognosis of certain lesions. We provide a detailed update of bone tumors that occur in the pediatric population with emphasis on the recently released nomenclature provided in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours. In the current manuscript, we address notochordal tumors, chondrogenic tumors, and vascular tumors of the bone.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang H, Puviindran V, Nadesan P, Ding X, Shen L, Tang YJ, Tsushima H, Yahara Y, Ban GI, Zhang GF, Karner CM, Alman BA. Distinct Roles of Glutamine Metabolism in Benign and Malignant Cartilage Tumors With IDH Mutations. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:983-996. [PMID: 35220602 PMCID: PMC9314601 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Enchondromas and chondrosarcomas are common cartilage neoplasms that are either benign or malignant, respectively. The majority of these tumors harbor mutations in either IDH1 or IDH2. Glutamine metabolism has been implicated as a critical regulator of tumors with IDH mutations. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrated that glutaminase-mediated glutamine metabolism played distinct roles in enchondromas and chondrosarcomas with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations. Glutamine affected cell differentiation and viability in these tumors differently through different downstream metabolites. During murine enchondroma-like lesion development, glutamine-derived α-ketoglutarate promoted hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and regulated chondrocyte proliferation. Deletion of glutaminase in chondrocytes with Idh1 mutation increased the number and size of enchondroma-like lesions. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase in chondrosarcoma xenografts reduced overall tumor burden partially because glutamine-derived non-essential amino acids played an important role in preventing cell apoptosis. This study demonstrates that glutamine metabolism plays different roles in tumor initiation and cancer maintenance. Supplementation of α-ketoglutarate and inhibiting GLS may provide a therapeutic approach to suppress enchondroma and chondrosarcoma tumor growth, respectively. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Xiruo Ding
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leyao Shen
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuning J Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Yasuhito Yahara
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ga I Ban
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Courtney M Karner
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin A Alman
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Zaher MA, Alzohiry MA, Fadle AA, Khalifa AA, Refai O. Fifth lumbar vertebrae solitary osteochondroma arising from the neural arch, a case report. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41984-021-00127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Osteochondromas are a benign outgrowth of bone and cartilage and one of the most common bone tumors that usually occur in long bones, with only 1–4% being located in the spine, more frequently in the cervical and upper dorsal region, and rarely the lumbar spine. Here, we report a case of lumbar spine (L5) osteochondroma arising from the neural arch.
Case presentation
A 30-year-old man presenting with a solid painless mass at the lower lumbar region. No neurological symptoms. Radiological examinations revealed an exophytic lesion in the fifth lumbar articular process, and the spinous process appears to be a solitary osteochondroma. Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging showed a bony lesion covered by a 2-mm-thick cartilaginous cap. Surgical en bloc resection of the mass was performed, and the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma. No evidence of recurrence at the end of 4-year follow-up.
Conclusion
Osteochondromas are benign tumors rarely present in the spine; diagnosis can be made by the typical appearance of the cartilaginous cap over the mass in the magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical excision is the best management option.
Collapse
|
7
|
Povysil C, Kana M. Target-like chondrocytes with thick perichondrocytic rings in cartilage-forming tumours. Preliminary report. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2021; 165:203-208. [PMID: 33928945 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here we present our experience with the occurrence of neoplastic chondrocytes with target-like appearance surrounded with unusual hypertrophic thick eosinophilic perichondrocytic rings (baskets), sometimes containing two or several layers. METHODS AND RESULTS Pericellular rings (baskets) were positive in APAS and Masson's staining method and showed immunoreactivity with antibody against type IV collagen. Such single cells or small groups of such cells were observed rarely in 3 osteochondromas, 2 skeletal chondromas, 2 extraskeletal chondromas and 2 skeletal and 1 laryngeal chondrosarcomas. Moreover, 1 unusual soft tissue chondrosarcoma was composed entirely of target-like chondrocytes with hypertrophic extremely thick perichondrocytic rings. Such cartilage-forming tumour with target-like cells, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first such chondrosarcoma reported in the literature. Ultrastructural evidence is presented that perichondrocytic rings have complicated structure.They contained microfibrillar component with abundant admixture of irregular aggregates of dense amorphous non-fibrillar material localised in lacunar spaces. In outer part of the rings predominated microfibrillar structures corresponding to type VI collagen that produced a rather dense capsule-like demarcation line against surrounding intercellular spaces. CONCLUSIONS The described unusual changes are probably the result of hyperproduction and remodelation of perichondrocytic matrix by abnormal neoplastic chondrocytes in response to unknown factors. Local vascular and molecular signals, may be supposed as probable causes of this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ctibor Povysil
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Medical Hospital, and Institute of Postgraduate Studies, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kana
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sullivan CW, Kazley JM, Murtaza H, Cooley M, Jones D, DiCaprio MR. Team Approach: Evaluation and Management of Low-Grade Cartilaginous Lesions. JBJS Rev 2021; 8:e0054. [PMID: 32105237 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.19.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
» Assessment of chondral lesions begins with a clinical evaluation and radiographs.
» Longitudinal follow-up with serial radiographs is appropriate in cases without evidence of aggressive radiographic features.
» Concerning radiographic features include periosteal reaction, soft-tissue extension, cortical destruction, endosteal scalloping of greater than two-thirds of the native cortex, larger lesion size (≥5 cm), and location in the axial skeleton.
» Biomarkers such as IMP3, SOX4, microRNA, and periostin may be used as an adjunct in histologic assessment to help differentiate benign enchondroma from a low-grade chondrosarcoma.
» Advanced-imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT), bone scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), may be considered for borderline cases.
» Aggressive or concerning radiographic features should prompt evaluation with advanced imaging or referral to an orthopaedic oncologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor W Sullivan
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Jillian M Kazley
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Hamza Murtaza
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Michael Cooley
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - David Jones
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Matthew R DiCaprio
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.W.S., J.M.K., H.M., and M.R.D.), Department of Radiology (M.C.), and Department of Pathology (D.J.), Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mu H, Jiang Y, Xue L, Hua Y, Lin J, Cai Z. H3.3 K36M Mutation as a Clinical Diagnosis Method of Suspected Chondroblastoma Cases. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:616-622. [PMID: 33620145 PMCID: PMC7957386 DOI: 10.1111/os.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Whether H3.3 K36M mutation (H3K36M) could be an approach if the diagnosis of chondroblastoma (CB) patients was indistinct and it was suspected to be unclear clinically. Methods We reviewed and compared our clinical experiences of CB cases and some suspected cases, which were not diagnosed distinctly, between 2013 to 2019. A total of 15 male and four female cases included in this study were seperated into two groups, CB group and suspected case (SC) group. The CB group included 13 men and 3 women, with an age range from 9 to 54 (mean age, 22 years old). The SC group included two men and one woman, with the age range from 13 to 25 (mean age, 19 years old). In both groups the patients had been followed‐up until December 2019 and none of the patients had prior treatment history. We evaluated the clinical complaints, radiological features, and clinical‐histological features of the cases and performed an immunohistochemical (IHC) study to detect whether the H3K36M expression of cases was different, consistent with a gene‐mutation analysis. Results In both groups, the radiologic features of both groups appeared as round low‐density shadow with a clear edge, pathologic features showed diffuse proliferation of neoplastic cells with multinuclear giant cells. The radiological tumor size of CB group and SC group showed little difference, which was about 29.0*21.6 mm. Clinical‐immunohistochemical features of both groups showed chondroid matrix inside with naïve tumor cells, multinucleated giant cells, and ground substance cells. Most of them showed chondro‐related antibody positive (12 cases) but some of them showed S‐100 negative (four cases). The clear difference of both groups was the result of H3K36M IHC study and gene analysis. In our cases, the CB group showed diffuse H3K36M positive and the SC group showed negative. The gene mutation analysis revealed that H3K36M‐positive CB patients had K36M mutation, which were not found in the SC group. Sanger sequencing showed an A > T substitution at codon 36 of histone H3F3B. No other types of histone H3 mutation was detected in the CB group. Particularly, one of the suspected cases showed a G34W mutation was confirmed to be a giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). Conclusions Our study showed H3K36M immunohistochemistry and gene mutation analysis were specific clinical diagnostic tools to distinguish suspected CB from other giant cell‐rich or cartilage matrix‐diffuse bone tumors. The clinical‐radiological and histomorphological features of patients gave suggestions on whether the H3K36M IHC and gene analysis should be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghang Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Departments of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schenkel R, Altfillisch C, Chung J, Verma A, Balters M. Malignant Degeneration of Biopsy-Proven Hamartoma to Chondrosarcoma. Cureus 2020; 12:e12150. [PMID: 33489562 PMCID: PMC7814419 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hamartomas are benign lesions that are often managed conservatively in the absence of respiratory symptoms. Increasing reports of malignant transformation question if a more aggressive treatment or surveillance practice for these lesions is warranted in adult patients. Herein, we describe a case of a 67-year-old man with a long history of pulmonary hamartoma that demonstrated malignant degeneration into spindle cell malignancy with chondromatous differentiation. This case illustrates the aggressive nature of sarcomatous disease arising from hamartomas and, with a handful of other cases in the literature, points to the question of whether pulmonary hamartomas arising in late adulthood should follow a more intensive treatment or surveillance algorithm given increased concern for malignant potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Schenkel
- Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, USA
| | | | - Janice Chung
- Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, USA
| | - Ankit Verma
- Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, USA
| | - Marcus Balters
- Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Samuel AM, Munger AM, Lee FY, Friedlaender GE, Ibe IK, Lindskog DM. Bone Scans Have Little Utility in the Evaluation of Well-Differentiated Cartilaginous Lesions of the Humerus. Orthopedics 2020; 43:e498-e502. [PMID: 32882054 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20200827-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the humerus, pain is a poor guide for differentiating between benign enchondromas and malignant well-differentiated chondrosarcomas. Radionuclide bone scans often are used, and chondrosarcomas reliably show increased uptake. However, it remains to be seen whether enchondromas consistently have negative findings on bone scans, which would provide reliable differentiation from malignant lesions. Imaging and medical records were reviewed for patients who underwent radionuclide bone scans for enchondroma of the humerus at one academic medical center over a period of 7 years. Bivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association of bone scan results with the finding of endosteal scalloping on radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. During initial evaluation, 25 patients who had enchondroma of the humerus underwent radionuclide bone scans. No patients showed progression of lesions during an average follow-up of 69 weeks. On bone scan, 18 (72%) had significantly positive findings, 5 (20%) had mildly positive findings, and 2 (8%) had negative findings. Of the 22 patients who underwent MRI scans, 4 showed endosteal scalloping and none showed aggressive features. No statistically significant association was seen between significantly positive (P=.299) or mildly positive findings on bone scans (P=.810) and the finding of endosteal scalloping on radiographs or MRI scans. Enchondromas rarely showed negative findings on bone scans, and bone scan findings did not correlate with the findings on radiographs or MRI scans. The diagnosis of enchondroma can be made based on clinical and radiographic findings, and the added utility of bone scans does not justify their regular use. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(6):e498-e502.].
Collapse
|
12
|
Roche ME, Lin Z, Whitaker-Menezes D, Zhan T, Szuhai K, Bovee JVMG, Abraham JA, Jiang W, Martinez-Outschoorn U, Basu-Mallick A. Translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20) facilitates cancer aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance in chondrosarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165962. [PMID: 32920118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone malignancy, representing one fourth of all primary bone sarcomas. It is typically resistant to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer aggressiveness in chondrosarcomas remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of mitochondrial transporters in chondrosarcoma aggressiveness including chemotherapy resistance. Histological grade along with stage are the most important prognostic biomarkers in chondrosarcoma. We found that high-grade human chondrosarcoma tumors have higher expression of the mitochondrial protein, translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20), compared to low-grade tumors. TOMM20 overexpression in human chondrosarcoma cells induces chondrosarcoma tumor growth in vivo. TOMM20 drives proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance. Also, TOMM20 induces markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metabolic reprogramming in these mesenchymal tumors. In conclusion, TOMM20 drives chondrosarcoma aggressiveness and resistance to chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Roche
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Zhao Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Diana Whitaker-Menezes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | | | - John A Abraham
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Atrayee Basu-Mallick
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chevalier F, Hamdi DH, Lepleux C, Temelie M, Nicol A, Austry JB, Lesueur P, Vares G, Savu D, Nakajima T, Saintigny Y. High LET Radiation Overcomes In Vitro Resistance to X-Rays of Chondrosarcoma Cell Lines. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819871309. [PMID: 31495269 PMCID: PMC6732854 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819871309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcomas are malignant tumors of the cartilage that are chemoresistant and
radioresistant to X-rays. This restricts the treatment options essential to surgery. In
this study, we investigated the sensitivity of chondrosarcoma to X-rays and C-ions
in vitro. The sensitivity of 4 chondrosarcoma cell lines (SW1353,
CH2879, OUMS27, and L835) was determined by clonogenic survival assays and cell cycle
progression. In addition, biomarkers of DNA damage responses were analyzed in the SW1353
cell line. Chondrosarcoma cells showed a heterogeneous sensitivity toward irradiation.
Chondrosarcoma cell lines were more sensitive to C-ions exposure compared to X-rays. Using
D10 values, the relative biological effectiveness of C-ions was higher (relative
biological effectiveness = 5.5) with cells resistant to X-rays (CH2879) and lower
(relative biological effectiveness = 3.7) with sensitive cells (L835). C-ions induced more
G2 phase blockage and micronuclei in SW1353 cells as compared to X-rays with the same
doses. Persistent unrepaired DNA damage was also higher following C-ions irradiation.
These results indicate that chondrosarcoma cell lines displayed a heterogeneous response
to conventional radiation treatment; however, treatment with C-ions irradiation was more
efficient in killing chondrosarcoma cells, compared to X-rays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francois Chevalier
- 1 CEA GANIL, Caen, France.,2 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dounia Houria Hamdi
- 1 CEA GANIL, Caen, France.,2 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Charlotte Lepleux
- 1 CEA GANIL, Caen, France.,2 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Temelie
- 1 CEA GANIL, Caen, France.,2 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania.,3 Centre Paul Strauss, Strasbourg, Alsace, France
| | - Anaïs Nicol
- 3 Centre Paul Strauss, Strasbourg, Alsace, France
| | | | - Paul Lesueur
- 4 Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Caen, France
| | - Guillaume Vares
- 5 Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Diana Savu
- 2 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Wei Q, Tsushima H, Puviindran V, Tang YJ, Pathmanapan S, Poon R, Ramu E, Al-Jazrawe M, Wunder J, Alman BA. Intracellular cholesterol biosynthesis in enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. JCI Insight 2019; 5:127232. [PMID: 31039139 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enchondroma and chondrosarcoma are the most common benign and malignant cartilaginous neoplasms. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are present in the majority of these tumors. We performed RNA-seq analysis on chondrocytes from Col2a1Cre;Idh1LSL/+ animals and found that genes implied in cholesterol synthesis pathway were significantly upregulated in the mutant chondrocytes. We examined the phenotypic effect of inhibiting intracellular cholesterol biosynthesis on enchondroma formation by conditionally deleting SCAP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein), a protein activating intracellular cholesterol synthesis, in IDH1 mutant mice. We found fewer enchondromas in animals lacking SCAP. Furthermore, in chondrosarcomas, pharmacological inhibition of intracellular cholesterol synthesis significantly reduced chondrosarcoma cell viability in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, these data suggest that intracellular cholesterol synthesis is a potential therapeutic target for enchondromas and chondrosarcomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and.,Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qingxia Wei
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Vijitha Puviindran
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuning J Tang
- Department of Cell Biology and.,Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sinthu Pathmanapan
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raymond Poon
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eyal Ramu
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mushriq Al-Jazrawe
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay Wunder
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin A Alman
- Department of Cell Biology and.,Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bupivacaine is a commonly used local anesthetic that has been shown to be cytotoxic to articular chondrocytes and various tumor cells. This study evaluates the in vitro effects of bupivacaine on cartilaginous tumor cells. METHODS Multiple different cartilaginous tumors were evaluated, including enchondromas, chondroblastomas, a low-grade chondrosarcoma, which were harvested from patients during tumor resection, and a grade-II chondrosarcoma SW1535 (ATCC HTB-94). The tumor cells were treated with 0.25% and 0.5% bupivacaine at various times points, and the result was compared with that of untreated tumor cells. Tumor cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS The tumors were analyzed in groups according to their pathologic diagnosis. Increasing periods of exposure to bupivacaine decreased the cell viability in all tumor samples. The cytotoxicity of 0.5% bupivacaine was significantly greater than that of 0.25% bupivacaine in all tumor cells tested. DISCUSSION At clinically relevant concentrations, in vitro exposure to bupivacaine caused a decrease in cellular viability and an increase in the induction of apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in each of the tumor cells evaluated in this study.
Collapse
|
16
|
Fu Z, Liu J, Huang D, Jia X, Liu Z, Liu B. Fibroma of tendon sheath embedded in carpal bones mimicking carpal enchondroma: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15262. [PMID: 31008967 PMCID: PMC6494362 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Fibroma of tendon sheath is a rare entity that is typically attached to the tendon sheath. PATIENT CONCERNS A 43-year-old man presented with a painful mass in his right wrist, which was initially misdiagnosed as an enchondroma. DIAGNOSIS Fibroma embedded into carpal bones, which exhibited lytic radiographic features similar to those of enchondroma. Excisional biopsy demonstrated spindle-shaped cells and collagen-like stroma. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent lesion resection surgery. OUTCOMES The patient recovered well and showed no signs of recurrence at 6-month follow-up. LESSONS This case provides valuable insights for hand surgeons. While radiograph is helpful in multiple diseases, histological examination is indispensable for establishment of final diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Fu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dongxu Huang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Tissue Repair, Reconstruction and Regeneration, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mery B, Espenel S, Guy JB, Rancoule C, Vallard A, Aloy MT, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Magné N. Biological aspects of chondrosarcoma: Leaps and hurdles. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 126:32-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
18
|
Franceschi T, Allias F, Mauduit C, Bolze PA, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M. Chondroid nodule in the female peritoneum arises from normal tissue and not from teratoma or conception product. Virchows Arch 2018; 473:115-119. [PMID: 29368082 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of benign-looking cartilaginous tissue within the peritoneum is unknown. Chondroid metaplasia of subcoelomic mesenchyme has been suggested, as has been the case for other gynecological diseases such as endometriosis, peritoneal leiomyomatosis, or gliomatosis peritonei, but has never been proven. Chondroid nodules in the peritoneum may represent either teratomatous tissue, fetal rests from a conception product, or metaplasia of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. Herein, the unique genetic characteristics of ovarian teratomas (homozygous at many polymorphic microsatellite loci) versus normal tissues (heterozygous at the same loci) were used to investigate the origin of chondroid nodules in the peritoneum. DNA samples extracted from paraffin-embedded normal peritoneal tissue and chondroid peritoneal nodules from two patients were studied. In both cases, chondroid and normal tissue showed heterozygosity at each informative microsatellite locus on different chromosomes, with a profile similar to the mother. These results indicate that peritoneal chondroid nodules arise within the peritoneum, presumably from pluripotent mesodermal stem cells, and are not related to teratomatous proliferation, or previous pregnancy. This finding shows once again the plasticity and metaplastic potential of stem cells within the peritoneal cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Franceschi
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Pathology, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Allias
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Pathology, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Claire Mauduit
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Pathology, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Adrien Bolze
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology, Obstetrics, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Mojgan Devouassoux-Shisheboran
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Pathology, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Boehme KA, Schleicher SB, Traub F, Rolauffs B. Chondrosarcoma: A Rare Misfortune in Aging Human Cartilage? The Role of Stem and Progenitor Cells in Proliferation, Malignant Degeneration and Therapeutic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010311. [PMID: 29361725 PMCID: PMC5796255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike other malignant bone tumors including osteosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas with a peak incidence in adolescents and young adults, conventional and dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas mainly affect people in the 4th to 7th decade of life. To date, the cell type of chondrosarcoma origin is not clearly defined. However, it seems that mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSPC) in the bone marrow facing a pro-proliferative as well as predominantly chondrogenic differentiation milieu, as is implicated in early stage osteoarthritis (OA) at that age, are the source of chondrosarcoma genesis. But how can MSPC become malignant? Indeed, only one person in 1,000,000 will develop a chondrosarcoma, whereas the incidence of OA is a thousandfold higher. This means a rare coincidence of factors allowing escape from senescence and apoptosis together with induction of angiogenesis and migration is needed to generate a chondrosarcoma. At early stages, chondrosarcomas are still assumed to be an intermediate type of tumor which rarely metastasizes. Unfortunately, advanced stages show a pronounced resistance both against chemo- and radiation-therapy and frequently metastasize. In this review, we elucidate signaling pathways involved in the genesis and therapeutic resistance of chondrosarcomas with a focus on MSPC compared to signaling in articular cartilage (AC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Boehme
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine B Schleicher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Children's Hospital, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Frank Traub
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sun Y, Liu X, Pan S, Deng C, Li X, Guo Q. Analysis of imaging characteristics of primary malignant bone tumors in children. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5801-5810. [PMID: 29113210 PMCID: PMC5661490 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the imaging characteristics of primary malignant bone tumors in children. The imaging results of 34 children with primary malignant bone tumors confirmed by histopathological diagnosis between March 2008 and January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 25 patients had osteosarcoma, with radiography and computed tomography (CT) showing osteolytic bone destruction or/and osteoblastic bone sclerosis, an aggressive periosteal reaction, a soft-tissue mass and cancerous bone. The tumors appeared as mixed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals that were inhomogeneously enhanced. A total of 5 patients presented with Ewing sarcoma, with radiography and CT showing invasive bone destruction and a soft-tissue mass. Of the 5 cases, 2 showed a laminar periosteal reaction. The tumors were shown to have mixed low signal on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and high signal on T2-weighted images (T2WI); 1 case showed marked inhomogeneous enhancement. Another 3 patients exhibited chondrosarcoma. Of these cases, 1 was adjacent to the cortex of the proximal tibia, and presented with local cortical bone destruction and a soft-tissue mass containing scattered punctate and amorphous calcifications. MRI revealed mixed low T1 signal and high T2 signals. Another case was located in the medullary cavity of the distal femur, with radiography revealing a localized periosteal reaction. The tumor appeared with mixed MRI signals, and with involvement of the epiphysis and epiphyseal plates. Radiography and CT of the third case showed bone destruction in the right pubic ramus, with patchy punctate, cambered calcifications in the soft-tissue mass. MRI of the soft-tissue mass revealed isointensity on T1WI and heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2WI. Ossifications and the septum appeared as low T1WI and T2WI. Of the 34 patients, 1 patient presented with lymphoma involving the T12, L1 and L2 vertebrae. CT showed vertebral bone destruction, a soft-tissue mass and a compression fracture of L1. MRI showed a soft-tissue mass with low T1 signal and high T2 signal and marked inhomogeneous enhancement. Overall, osteosarcoma was the most common primary malignant bone tumor, followed by Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma and lymphoma. Osteoblastic or osteolytic bone destruction, an invasive periosteal reaction, soft-tissue masses, a tumor matrix and inhomogeneous enhancement were important imaging features of malignant bone tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xueyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shinong Pan
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Chunbo Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chakrabarty S, Foderingham N, O’Hara H. Selected Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System. Fam Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04414-9_121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
22
|
Spinous Process Osteochondroma as a Rare Cause of Lumbar Pain. Case Rep Orthop 2016; 2016:2683797. [PMID: 27579204 PMCID: PMC4989059 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2683797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a 5th Lumbar Vertebra (L5) spinous process osteochondroma as a rare cause of lumbar pain in an old patient. A 70-year-old male presented with progressive and disabling lower lumbar pain. Tenderness over the central and left paraspinal area of the lower lumbar region and a palpable mass were evident. CT scan showed a mass arising from the spinous process of L5. Marginal resection of the tumor was performed through a posterior approach. The histological study revealed an osteochondroma. After surgery, pain was completely relieved. After one year there was no evidence of local recurrence or symptoms. Osteochondromas rarely involve the spine, but when they do symptoms like pain, radiculopathy/myelopathy, or cosmetic deformity may occur. The imagiologic exam of election for diagnosis is CT scan. When symptomatic the treatment of choice is surgical resection. The most concerning complication of osteochondromas is malignant transformation, a rare event.
Collapse
|
23
|
Fang D, Gan H, Lee JH, Han J, Wang Z, Riester SM, Jin L, Chen J, Zhou H, Wang J, Zhang H, Yang N, Bradley EW, Ho TH, Rubin BP, Bridge JA, Thibodeau SN, Ordog T, Chen Y, van Wijnen AJ, Oliveira AM, Xu RM, Westendorf JJ, Zhang Z. The histone H3.3K36M mutation reprograms the epigenome of chondroblastomas. Science 2016; 352:1344-8. [PMID: 27229140 PMCID: PMC5460624 DOI: 10.1126/science.aae0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
More than 90% of chondroblastomas contain a heterozygous mutation replacing lysine-36 with methionine-36 (K36M) in the histone H3 variant H3.3. Here we show that H3K36 methylation is reduced globally in human chondroblastomas and in chondrocytes harboring the same genetic mutation, due to inhibition of at least two H3K36 methyltransferases, MMSET and SETD2, by the H3.3K36M mutant proteins. Genes with altered expression as well as H3K36 di- and trimethylation in H3.3K36M cells are enriched in cancer pathways. In addition, H3.3K36M chondrocytes exhibit several hallmarks of cancer cells, including increased ability to form colonies, resistance to apoptosis, and defects in differentiation. Thus, H3.3K36M proteins reprogram the H3K36 methylation landscape and contribute to tumorigenesis, in part through altering the expression of cancer-associated genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Haiyun Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jeong-Heon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Epigenomics Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Scott M Riester
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jianji Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jinglong Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honglian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Na Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Elizabeth W Bradley
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thai H Ho
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 East Shea B., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Brian P Rubin
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute and Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic and Lerner Research Institute, L2 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Julia A Bridge
- Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, Pediatrics, and Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Epigenomics Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Interdisciplinary Health Science Initiative, 1110 Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, M/C 249, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Andre M Oliveira
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rui-Ming Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Epigenomics Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vásquez B, Olate S, Cantín M, Sandoval C, Fariña R, del Sol M. Histopathological analysis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia: difficulties in diagnosis and characterization of the disease. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:601-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
25
|
Cakmak O, Comertoglu I, Firat R, Erdemli HK, Kursunlu SF, Akyol S, Ugurcu V, Altuntas A, Adam B, Demircan K. The Investigation of ADAMTS16 in Insulin-Induced Human Chondrosarcoma Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2016; 30:255-60. [PMID: 26181853 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2015.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A disintegrin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) is a group of proteins that have enzymatic activity secreted by cells to the outside extracellular matrix. Insulin induces proteoglycan biosynthesis in chondrosarcoma chondrocytes. The purpose of the present in vitro study is to assess the time course effects of insulin on ADAMTS16 expression in OUMS-27 (human chondrosarcoma) cell line to examine whether insulin regulates ADAMTS16 expression as well as proteoglycan biosynthesis with multifaceted properties or not. METHODS Chondrosarcoma cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium having either 10 μg/mL insulin or not. While the experiment was going on, the medium containing insulin had been changed every other day. Cells were harvested at 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 11th days; subsequently, RNA and proteins were isolated in every experimental group according to their time interval. RNA expression of ADAMTS was estimated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) by using primers. Immunoreactive protein levels were encountered by the western blot protein detection technique by using proper anti-ADAMTS16 antibodies. RESULTS ADAMTS16 mRNA expression level of chondrosarcoma cells was found to be insignificantly decreased in chondrosarcoma cells induced by insulin detected by the qRT-PCR instrument. On the other hand, there was a gradual decrease in immune-reactant ADAMTS16 protein amount by the time course in insulin-treated cell groups when compared with control cells. CONCLUSION It has been suggested that insulin might possibly regulate ADAMTS16 levels/activities in OUMS-27 chondrosarcoma cells taking a role in extracellular matrix turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Cakmak
- 1 Department of Biology Educations, Faculty of Education, Gazi University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Comertoglu
- 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University , Konya, Turkey
| | - Ridvan Firat
- 3 Division of Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, Golbasi State Hospital , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haci Kemal Erdemli
- 4 Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Corum Training and Research Hospital , Corum, Turkey
| | - S Fatih Kursunlu
- 5 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University , Aydın, Turkey
| | - Sumeyya Akyol
- 6 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Veli Ugurcu
- 7 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dumlupinar University Medical Faculty , Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Aynur Altuntas
- 8 Division of Chemistry, Ankara Regional Office of Council of Forensic Medicine , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Adam
- 9 University of California Davis Medical School , Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Kadir Demircan
- 6 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University , Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen GX, Wang MH, Hu CL, Tang GC, Han FG. Angiomyolipoma of the rib: A rare case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 4:126-128. [PMID: 26870370 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor, most commonly arising from the kidney. With the exception of the liver, extrarenal angiomyolipoma is an infrequent entity that may be misdiagnosed as other tumors. Angiomyolipoma occurring in the skeleton is an extremely rare occurrence and often difficult to differentiate from other bone diseases. We herein present a case of angiomyolipoma in the rib of a 44-year-old male patient, a highly unusual location for this type of tumor. Angiomyolipoma of the skeleton usually exhibits an infiltrative tendency. Although this clinical entity is rare, angiomyolipoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of skeletal lesions, particularly in patients presenting with imaging findings of fat within the lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Lie Hu
- Department of Radiology, Mianzhu Renai Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan 618200, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Cai Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Gang Han
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Akyol S, Cömertoğlu I, Firat R, Çakmak Ö, Yukselten Y, Erden G, Ugurcu V, Demircan K. Effect of insulin on the mRNA expression of procollagen N-proteinases in chondrosarcoma OUMS-27 cells. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1091-1096. [PMID: 26622631 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is one of the most common bone tumors, and at present, there is no non-invasive treatment option for this cancer. The chondrosarcoma OUMS-27 cell line produces proteoglycan and type II, IX, and XI collagens, which constitutes cartilage tissue. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteases are a group of secreted proteases, which include the procollagen N-proteinases ADAMTS-2, -3 and -14. These procollagen N-proteinases perform a role in the processing of procollagens to collagen and the maturation of type I collagen. The present study aimed to improve the understanding of the causes of metastasis, local invasion and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in chondrosarcoma, as well as the effect of insulin on cancer cells. The present study was designed to reveal the effects of insulin on procollagen N-proteinases in chondrosarcoma OUMS-27 cells. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) alone or in DMEM containing 10 µg/ml insulin. The medium was changed every other day for 11 days. The cells were harvested on days 1, 3, 7 and 11, and total RNA isolation was performed immediately following harvesting. The expression levels of ADAMTS2, ADAMTS3 and ADAMTS14 mRNA were estimated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction using appropriate primers. ADAMTS2 mRNA expression was found to be decreased on day 7 (P=0.028) and increased at day 11 compared with the control group (P=0.016). The increase in mRNA concentration at day 11 was significantly different compared to the concentrations on days 3 (P=0.047) and 7 (P=0.008). The expression of ADAMTS3 mRNA decreased immediately subsequent to insulin induction on day 1 compared with the control group (P=0.008). The most evident decrease in mRNA concentration was seen at day 7 subsequent to insulin induction (P=0.008). The present results demonstrated that ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS3 may perform a role in the invasion and metastasis of tumors, and may also possess proteolytic activity that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Insulin itself can modulate the biosynthesis of ECM macromolecules that are altered in diabetes through various pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyya Akyol
- Department of Medical Biology, Turgut Ozal University School of Medicine, Ankara, Ankara 06170, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cömertoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mevlana University, Selcuklu, Konya 42003, Turkey
| | - Ridvan Firat
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Golbasi Hospital, Ministry of Health, Golbasi, Ankara 06830, Turkey
| | - Özlem Çakmak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Yunus Yukselten
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Gönül Erden
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Veli Ugurcu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Kutahya 43266, Turkey
| | - Kadir Demircan
- Department of Medical Biology, Turgut Ozal University School of Medicine, Ankara, Ankara 06170, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Selected Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System. Fam Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|