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KSNM60: The History of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences in Korea. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 56:114-126. [DOI: 10.1007/s13139-022-00744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Kazakov AG, Ekatova TY, Babenya JS. Photonuclear production of medical radiometals: a review of experimental studies. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Chakravarty R, Bahadur J, Lohar S, Jadhav S, Sen D, Chakraborty S. Mechanochemically synthesized mesoporous alumina: a smart new-generation sorbent for preparation of chromatographic 188W/188Re generator. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In an effort towards affordable availability of chromatographic 188W/188Re generators for widespread clinical use, we report the mechanochemical synthesis of mesoporous alumina as an advanced sorbent material for preparation of the generator. The synthesized material exhibits remarkably high sorption capacity (550 ± 12 mg W/g), which is adequate for preparation of clinical-scale generators using low specific activity (LSA) 188W produced in medium flux research reactors. Sorption of 188W in mesoporous alumina follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics, indicating that the process is chemisorption. A clinical-scale (~ 14.0 GBq) 188W/188Re generator was developed and its performance was evaluated over a period of 6 months. Rhenium-188 could be consistently obtained from the generator with high yield (> 80%) and it met all the requirements for clinical use. The present strategy is expected to increase the scope of separation chemistry for availing clinical-grade 188Re for the benefit of millions of cancer patients world over.
Graphic abstract
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Tan HY, Yeong CH, Wong YH, McKenzie M, Kasbollah A, Md Shah MN, Perkins AC. Neutron-activated theranostic radionuclides for nuclear medicine. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 90-91:55-68. [PMID: 33039974 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Theranostics in nuclear medicine refers to personalized patient management that involves targeted therapy and diagnostic imaging using a single or combination of radionuclide (s). The radionuclides emit both alpha (α) or beta (β-) particles and gamma (γ) rays which possess therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities, respectively. However, the production of these radionuclides often faces difficulties due to high cost, complexity of preparation methods and that the products are often sourced far from the healthcare facilities, hence losing activity due to radioactive decay during transportation. Subject to the availability of a nuclear reactor within an accessible distance from healthcare facilities, neutron activation is the most practical and cost-effective route to produce radionuclides suitable for theranostic purposes. Holmium-166 (166Ho), Lutetium-177 (177Lu), Rhenium-186 (186Re), Rhenium-188 (188Re) and Samarium-153 (153Sm) are some of the most promising neutron-activated radionuclides that are currently in clinical practice and undergoing clinical research for theranostic applications. The aim of this paper is to review the physical characteristics, current clinical applications and future prospects of these neutron activated radionuclides in theranostics. The production, physical properties, validated clinical applications and clinical studies for each neutron-activated radionuclide suitable for theranostic use in nuclear medicine are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Yee Tan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin How Wong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Molly McKenzie
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
| | - Azahari Kasbollah
- Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Nazri Md Shah
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, University of Malaya Medical Centre, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alan Christopher Perkins
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
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Liew HS, Mai CW, Zulkefeli M, Madheswaran T, Kiew LV, Delsuc N, Low ML. Recent Emergence of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes as Photosensitisers for Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4176. [PMID: 32932573 PMCID: PMC7571230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as a significant complementary or alternative approach for cancer treatment. PDT drugs act as photosensitisers, which upon using appropriate wavelength light and in the presence of molecular oxygen, can lead to cell death. Herein, we reviewed the general characteristics of the different generation of photosensitisers. We also outlined the emergence of rhenium (Re) and more specifically, Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes as a new generation of metal-based photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy that are of great interest in multidisciplinary research. The photophysical properties and structures of Re(I) complexes discussed in this review are summarised to determine basic features and similarities among the structures that are important for their phototoxic activity and future investigations. We further examined the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of the Re(I) complexes that have been synthesised for anticancer purposes. We also discussed Re(I) complexes in conjunction with the advancement of two-photon PDT, drug combination study, nanomedicine, and photothermal therapy to overcome the limitation of such complexes, which generally absorb short wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shan Liew
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- Centre for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Mohd Zulkefeli
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (T.M.)
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Nicolas Delsuc
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - May Lee Low
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (T.M.)
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Haase AA, Bauer EB, Kühn FE, Crans DC. Speciation and toxicity of rhenium salts, organometallics and coordination complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Aydia MI, El-Said H, El-Sadek AA, El-Azony KM. Preparation and characterization of zirconium silico 188W-tungstate as a base material for 188W/ 188Re generator. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 142:203-210. [PMID: 30408724 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zr:W:Si. The optimum gel was prepared using the molar ratio 1:1:7 at pH 8. The ZrSiW gel was investigated by FTIR, XRD, thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), FESEM, XRF, and NAA. Then, XRF and NAA techniques were used to estimate the proportion of the constituents of the gel according to the molecular formula [ZrO2(Si(WO4)2)16H2O]. 188W/188Re generator was prepared based on the selected ZrSi188W gel, which gives the highest tungsten content (393.3 mg W/g gel) with 75 ± 3% elution yield of 188Re. Quality control was studied on the 188Re to make sure its validity for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Aydia
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generators Department, Hot Labs. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H El-Said
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generators Department, Hot Labs. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A A El-Sadek
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generators Department, Hot Labs. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | - K M El-Azony
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generators Department, Hot Labs. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt.
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Stelzner F, Knapp FF, Biersack HJ. Discovery of rhenium and masurium (technetium) by Ida Noddack-Tacke and Walter Noddack. Nuklearmedizin 2018; 54:N50-4. [DOI: 10.3413/nuk2015050001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe history of the early identification of elements and their designation to the Mendeleev Table of the Elements was an important chapter in German science in which Ida (1896-1978) and Walter (1893-1960) Noddack played an important role in the first identification of rhenium (element 75, 1925) and technetium (element 43, 1933). In 1934 Ida Noddack was also the first to predict fission of uranium into smaller atoms. Although the Noddacks did not for some time later receive the recognition for the first identification of technetium-99m, their efforts have appropriately more recently been recognized. The discoveries of these early pioneers are even more astounding in light of the limited technologies and resources which were available during this period. The Noddack discoveries of elements 43 and 75 are related to the sub sequent use of rhenium-188 (beta/ gamma emitter) and technetium-99m (gamma emitter) in nuclear medicine. In particular, the theranostic relationship between these two generator-derived radioisotopes has been demonstrated and offers new opportunities in the current era of personalized medicine.
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Absorbed doses in humans from 188 Re-Rituximab in the free form and bound to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Biodistribution study in mice. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 131:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Nano-technology contributions towards the development of high performance radioisotope generators: The future promise to meet the continuing clinical demand. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 129:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Goins B, Bao A, Phillips WT. Techniques for Loading Technetium-99m and Rhenium-186/188 Radionuclides into Preformed Liposomes for Diagnostic Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1522:155-178. [PMID: 27837538 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6591-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes can serve as carriers of radionuclides for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. Herein, procedures are outlined for radiolabeling liposomes with the gamma-emitting radionuclide, technetium-99m (99mTc), for noninvasive detection of disease and for monitoring the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of liposomal drugs, and/or with therapeutic beta-emitting radionuclides, rhenium-186/188 (186/188Re), for radionuclide therapy. These efficient and practical liposome radiolabeling methods use a post-labeling mechanism to load 99mTc or 186/188Re into preformed liposomes prepared in advance of the labeling procedure. For all liposome radiolabeling methods described, a lipophilic chelator is used to transport 99mTc or 186/188Re across the lipid bilayer of the preformed liposomes. Once within the liposome interior, the pre-encapsulated glutathione or ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient provides for stable entrapment of the 99mTc and 186/188Re within the liposomes. In the first method, 99mTc is transported across the lipid bilayer by the lipophilic chelator, hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) and 99mTc-HMPAO becomes trapped by interaction with the pre-encapsulated glutathione within the liposomes. In the second method, 99mTc or 186/188Re is transported across the lipid bilayer by the lipophilic chelator, N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA), and 99mTc-BMEDA or 186/188Re-BMEDA becomes trapped by interaction with pre-encapsulated glutathione within the liposomes. In the third method, an ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient loading technique is employed using liposomes with an extraliposomal pH of 7.4 and an interior pH of 5.1. BMEDA, which is lipophilic at pH 7.4, serves as a lipophilic chelator for 99mTc or 186/188Re to transport the radionuclides across the lipid bilayer. Once within the more acidic liposome interior, 99mTc/186/188Re-BMEDA complex becomes protonated and more hydrophilic, which results in stable entrapment of the 99mTc/186/188Re-BMEDA complex within the liposomes. Since many commercially available liposomal drugs use an ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient for drug loading, these liposomal drugs can be directly radiolabeled with 99mTc-BMEDA for noninvasive monitoring of tissue distribution during treatment or with 186/188Re-BMEDA for combination chemo-radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Goins
- Department of Radiology, MSC 7800, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Ande Bao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - William T Phillips
- Department of Radiology, MSC 7800, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA.
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Azadbakht B, Afarideh H, Ghannadi-Maragheh M, Asgari M, Bahrami-Samani A. Development of an electrochemical 188W/ 188Re generator as a technique for separation and purification of 188Re in radiopharmaceutical applications. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 118:331-337. [PMID: 27750109 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple electrochemical procedure adaptable for using low specific activity 188W for separation and purification of 188Re from 188W to obtain no carrier added (NCA) 188Re is developed. The electrochemical parameters were optimized to maximize the 188Re electrodeposition yield with minimal 188W contamination. Two cycle electrolysis procedure was developed. The first electrochemical cell was used for separation of 188Re and in the second electrochemical cell, separation and purification of 188Re with >90% deposition yield of 188Re and minimal contamination of 188W (<10-4%) was achieved. The overall electrodeposition yield of 188Re was >90% with >99% radionuclidic purity and >99% radiochemical purity suitable for radiopharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, the performance of the generator remained consistent during a period of 69 days, one half-life of 188W, when the electrochemical separation procedure was performed frequently, at least once in 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtiar Azadbakht
- Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Afarideh
- Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413 Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Asgari
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box:14395-836, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Bahrami-Samani
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box:14395-836, Tehran, Iran
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Dash A, Chakravarty R. Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbent: Promises, Opportunities, and Challenges to Develop Column Chromatography Radionuclide Generators for Nuclear Medicine. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1205089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dash A, Knapp Jr FF(R. An overview of radioisotope separation technologies for development of 188W/188Re radionuclide generators providing 188Re to meet future research and clinical demands. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03890a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Separation technologies for 188W/188Re radionuclide generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Production and Applications Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
- Mumbai 400 085
- India
| | - F. F. (Russ) Knapp Jr
- Emeritus
- Medical Isotopes Program
- Isotope Development Group
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
- Oak Ridge
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Nelson CA, Azure MT, Adams CT, Zinn KR. The somatostatin analog 188Re-P2045 inhibits the growth of AR42J pancreatic tumor xenografts. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:2020-5. [PMID: 25359879 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.140780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED P2045 is a peptide analog of somatostatin with picomolar affinity for the somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) upregulated in some pancreatic tumors. Studies were conducted in rat AR42J pancreatic tumor xenograft mice to determine whether (188)Re-P2045 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer in an animal model. METHODS (188)Re-P2045 was intravenously administered every 3 d for 16 d to nude mice with AR42J tumor xenografts that were approximately 20 mm(3) at study initiation. Tumor volumes were recorded throughout the dosing period. At necropsy, all tissues were assessed for levels of radioactivity and evaluated for histologic abnormalities. Clinical chemistry and hematology parameters were determined from terminal blood samples. The affinity of nonradioactive (185/187)Re-P2045 for somatostatin receptors was compared in human NCI-H69 and rat AR42J tumor cell membranes expressing predominantly SSTR2. RESULTS In the 1.85- and 5.55-MBq groups, tumor growth was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion. In the 11.1-MBq group, tumor growth was completely inhibited throughout the dosing period and for 12 d after the last administered dose. The radioactivity level in tumors 4 h after injection was 10 percentage injected dose per gram, which was 2-fold higher than in the kidneys. (188)Re-P2045 was well tolerated in all dose groups, with no adverse clinical, histologic, or hematologic findings. The nonradioactive (185/187)Re-P2045 bound more avidly (0.2 nM) to SSTR2 in human than rat tumor membranes, suggesting that these studies are relevant to human studies. CONCLUSION (188)Re-P2045 is a promising therapeutic candidate for patients with somatostatin receptor-positive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Nelson
- Translational Medicine Consulting, Westford, Massachusetts Department of Research and Development, Andarix Pharmaceuticals, Watertown, Massachusetts; and
| | - Michael T Azure
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Christopher T Adams
- Department of Research and Development, Andarix Pharmaceuticals, Watertown, Massachusetts; and
| | - Kurt R Zinn
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Knapp FF, Pillai MRA, Osso JA, Dash A. Re-emergence of the important role of radionuclide generators to provide diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides to meet future research and clinical demands. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dash A, Chakravarty R. Pivotal role of separation chemistry in the development of radionuclide generators to meet clinical demands. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Wu X, Liang H, Tan Y, Yuan C, Li S, Li X, Li G, Shi Y, Zhang X. Cell-SELEX aptamer for highly specific radionuclide molecular imaging of glioblastoma in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90752. [PMID: 24603483 PMCID: PMC3948368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary adult brain tumor with poor prognosis. Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) is the most common and highly oncogenic EGFR mutant in GBM. With the aim to generate specific molecular probes able to target EGFRvIII with high affinity, we selected four DNA aptamers (U2, U8, U19 and U31) specifically bound to U87-EGFRvIII cells that over expressed EGFRvIII with Kd values in the nanomole range by a cell-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) process. U87MG cells were introduced as control cells for counter selection. We further affirmed U2 and U8 identified EGFRvIII on the surface of target cells specifically. Then we radiolabeled U2 with 188Re to serve as a molecular imaging probe and observed 188Re -labeled U2 significantly targeted EGFRvIII over-expressing glioblastoma exnografts in mice. In conclusion, aptamers obtained from whole cell-SELEX strategy have great potential as molecular imaging probes that are probably beneficial to GBM diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyu Liang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuji Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiping Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (YS)
| | - Xingmei Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (YS)
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Dash A, Chakravarty R. Electrochemical Separation: Promises, Opportunities, and Challenges To Develop Next-Generation Radionuclide Generators To Meet Clinical Demands. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404369y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Applications and
Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Rubel Chakravarty
- Isotope Applications and
Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400 085, India
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Abstract
The188Re radioisotope represents a useful radioisotope for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals for therapeutic applications, particularly because of its favorable nuclear properties. The nuclide decay pattern is through the emission of a principle beta particle having 2.12 MeV maximum energy, which is enough to penetrate and destroy abnormal tissues, and principle gamma rays (Eγ=155 keV), which can efficiently be used for imaging and calculations of radiation dose.188Re may be conveniently produced by188W/188Re generator systems. The challenges related to the double neutron capture reaction route to provide only modest yield of the parent188W radionuclide indeed have been one of the major issues about the use of188Re in nuclear medicine. Since the specific activity of188W used in the generator is relatively low (<185 GBq/g), the elutedRe188O4-can have a low radioactive concentration, often ineffective for radiopharmaceutical preparation. However, several efficient postelution concentration techniques have been developed, which yield clinically usefulRe188O4-solutions. This review summarizes the technologies developed for the preparation of188W/188Re generators, postelution concentration of the188Re perrhenate eluate, and a brief discussion of new chemical strategies available for the very high yield preparation of188Re radiopharmaceuticals.
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Chakravarty R, Dash A. Nanomaterial-based adsorbents: the prospect of developing new generation radionuclide generators to meet future research and clinical demands. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Krijger GC, Ponsard B, Harfensteller M, Wolterbeek HT, Nijsen JWF. The necessity of nuclear reactors for targeted radionuclide therapies. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 31:390-6. [PMID: 23731577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear medicine has been contributing towards personalized therapies. Nuclear reactors are required for the working horses of both diagnosis and treatment, i.e., Tc-99m and I-131. In fact, reactors will remain necessary to fulfill the demand for a variety of radionuclides and are essential in the expanding field of targeted radionuclide therapies for cancer. However, the main reactors involved in the global supply are ageing and expected to shut down before 2025. Therefore, the fields of (nuclear) medicine, nuclear industry and politics share a global responsibility, faced with the task to secure future access to suitable nuclear reactors. At the same time, alternative production routes should be industrialized. For this, a coordinating entity should be put into place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard C Krijger
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Rhenium-188 production in hospitals, by w-188/re-188 generator, for easy use in radionuclide therapy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 2013:290750. [PMID: 23653859 PMCID: PMC3638650 DOI: 10.1155/2013/290750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rhenium-188 (Re-188) is a high energy β-emitting radioisotope obtained from the tungsten-188/rhenium-188 (W-188/Re-188) generator, which has shown utility for a variety of therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine, oncology, and interventional radiology/cardiology. Re-188 decay is accompanied by a 155 keV predominant energy γ-emission, which could be detected by γ-cameras, for imaging, biodistribution, or absorbed radiation dose studies. Its attractive physical properties and its potential low cost associated with a long-lived parent make it an interesting option for clinical use. The setup and daily use of W-188/Re-188 generator in hospital nuclear medicine departments are discussed in detail. The clinical efficacy, for several therapeutic applications, of a variety of Re-188-labeled agents is demonstrated. The high energy of the β-emission of Re-188 is particularly well suited for effective penetration in solid tumours. Its total radiation dose delivered to tissues is comparable to other radionuclides used in therapy. Furthermore, radiation safety and shielding requirements are an important subject of matter. In the case of bone metastases treatment, therapeutic ratios are presented in order to describe the efficacy of Re-188 usage.
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Chakravarty R, Dash A. Nano Structured Metal Oxides as Potential Sorbents for188W/188Re Generator: A Comparative Study. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2012.713433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chakravarty R, Shukla R, Ram R, Venkatesh M, Tyagi AK, Dash A. Exploitation of Nano Alumina for the Chromatographic Separation of Clinical Grade 188Re from 188W: A Renaissance of the 188W/188Re Generator Technology. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6342-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201232m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Rakesh Shukla
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Ramu Ram
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Meera Venkatesh
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Avesh Kumar Tyagi
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division and ‡Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
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Ju CH, Jeong JM, Lee YS, Kim YJ, Lee BC, Lee DS, Chung JK, Lee MC, Jeong SY. Development of a 177Lu-Labeled RGD Derivative for Targeting Angiogenesis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 25:687-91. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2010.0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hwan Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joo Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Key Chung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo Young Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Uccelli L, Pasquali M, Boschi A, Giganti M, Duatti A. Automated preparation of Re-188 lipiodol for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nucl Med Biol 2010; 38:207-13. [PMID: 21315276 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The iodinated oil lipiodol is commonly used as a carrier for in situ delivery of drugs or radioactivity to hepatic tumors. Recently, we reported a new kit formulation for high-activity labeling of lipiodol with the β-emitting radionuclide Re-188. Since the whole preparation involves different steps and complex manipulations of high-activity samples, we describe here an automated synthesis module that allows the easy preparation of sterile and pyrogen-free samples of Re-188 lipiodol ready to be administered to the patient. Important advantages include the possibility to incorporate high Re-188 activity into the lipiodol hydrophobic phase and a sharp reduction of radiation exposure of the operator assisting the labelling procedure. Application of this modular reaction system could be also extended to the preparation of other Re-188 radiopharmaceuticals and to compound labelled with different β-emitting therapeutic radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Uccelli
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Nanocrystalline zirconia: A novel sorbent for the preparation of 188W/188Re generator. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:229-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Techniques for loading technetium-99m and rhenium-186/188 radionuclides into pre-formed liposomes for diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 606:469-91. [PMID: 20013416 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-447-0_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes can serve as carriers of radionuclides for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. Herein, procedures are outlined for radiolabeling liposomes with the gamma-emitting radionuclide, technetium-99m ((99m)Tc), for non-invasive detection of disease and for monitoring the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of liposomal drugs, and/or with therapeutic beta-emitting radionuclides, rhenium-186/188 ((186/188)Re), for radionuclide therapy. These efficient and practical liposome radiolabeling methods use a post-labeling mechanism to load (99m)Tc or (186/188)Re into pre-formed liposomes prepared in advance of the labeling procedure. For all liposome radiolabeling methods described, a lipophilic chelator is used to transport (99m)Tc or (186/188)Re across the lipid bilayer of the pre-formed liposomes. Once within the liposome interior, the pre-encapsulated glutathione or ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient provides for stable entrapment of the (99m)Tc and (186/188)Re within the liposomes. In the first method, (99m)Tc is transported across the lipid bilayer by the lipophilic chelator, hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) and (99m)Tc-HMPAO becomes trapped by interaction with the pre-encapsulated glutathione within the liposomes. In the second method, (99m)Tc or (186/188)Re is transported across the lipid bilayer by the lipophilic chelator, N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA), and (99m)Tc-BMEDA or (186/188)Re-BMEDA becomes trapped by interaction with pre-encapsulated glutathione within the liposomes. In the third method, an ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient loading technique is employed using liposomes with an extraliposomal pH of 7.4 and an interior pH of 5.1. BMEDA, which is lipophilic at pH 7.4, serves as a lipophilic chelator for (99m)Tc or (186/188)Re to transport the radionuclides across the lipid bilayer. Once within the more acidic liposome interior, (99m)Tc/(186/188)Re-BMEDA complex becomes protonated and more hydrophilic, which results in stable entrapment of the (99m)Tc/(186/188)Re-BMEDA complex within the liposomes. Since many commercially available liposomal drugs use an ammonium sulfate (pH) gradient for drug loading, these liposomal drugs can be directly radiolabeled with (99m)Tc-BMEDA for non-invasive monitoring of tissue distribution during treatment or with (186/188)Re-BMEDA for combination chemo-radionuclide therapy.
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Meléndez-Alafort L, Nadali A, Zangoni E, Banzato A, Rondina M, Rosato A, Mazzi U. Biokinetic and dosimetric studies of 188Re-hyaluronic acid: a new radiopharmaceutical for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nucl Med Biol 2009; 36:693-701. [PMID: 19647176 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and has very limited therapeutic options. Recently, it has been found that hyaluronic acid (HA) shows selective binding to CD44 receptors expressed in most cancer histotypes. Since the trend in cancer treatment is the use of targeted radionuclide therapy, the aim of this research was to label HA with rhenium-188 and to evaluate its potential use as a hepatocarcinoma therapeutic radiopharmaceutical. METHODS (188)Re-HA was prepared by a direct labelling method to produce a ReO(O-COO)(2)-type coordination complex. (188)Re-HA protein binding and its stability in saline, phosphate buffer, human serum and cysteine solutions were determined. Biokinetic and dosimetric data were estimated in healthy mice (n=60) using the Medical Internal Radiation Dose methodology and mouse model beta-absorbed fractions. To evaluate liver toxicity, alanine aminotranferase (AST) and aspartate aminotranferase (ALT) levels in mice were assessed and the liver maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of (188)Re-HA was determined. RESULTS A stable complex of (188)Re-HA was obtained with high radiochemical purity (>90%) and low serum protein binding (2%). Biokinetic studies showed a rapid blood clearance (T(1/2)alpha=21 min). Four hours after administration, (188)Re-HA was almost totally removed from the blood by the liver due to the selective uptake via HA-specific receptors (73.47+/-5.11% of the injected dose). The liver MTD in mice was approximately 40 Gy after 7.4 MBq of (188)Re-HA injection. CONCLUSIONS (188)Re-HA complex showed good stability, pharmacokinetic and dosimetric characteristics that confirm its potential as a new agent for HCC radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Meléndez-Alafort
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
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Michalik S, Kruszynski R, Leszczyńska-Sejda K, Kusz J, Krompiec S. Synthesis, spectroscopic investigation, crystal and molecular structure of [ReCl 2(N 2COPh)(C 10H 14N 2)(PPh 3) 2]. J COORD CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970802546024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Michalik
- a Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry , Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia , Katowice, Poland
| | - R. Kruszynski
- b Department of X-Ray Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry , Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Łódź , Łódź, Poland
| | - K. Leszczyńska-Sejda
- c Hydroelectrometallurgy Department , Institute of Non Ferrous Metals , Gliwice, Poland
| | - J. Kusz
- d Institute of Physics, University of Silesia , Katowice, Poland
| | - S. Krompiec
- a Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry , Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia , Katowice, Poland
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Chakravarty R, Dash A, Venkatesh M. Separation of Clinical Grade 188Re from 188W Using Polymer Embedded Nanocrystalline Titania. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Marques F, Gano L, Batista MKS, Gomes CAR, Gomes P, Santos I. Radiochemical and biological evaluation of novel153Sm/166Ho-amino acid-chitosan complexes. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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