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Talanki VR, Peng Q, Shamir SB, Baete SH, Duong TQ, Wake N. Three-Dimensional Printed Anatomic Models Derived From Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data: Current State and Image Acquisition Recommendations for Appropriate Clinical Scenarios. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:1060-1081. [PMID: 34046959 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have been increasingly utilized in medicine over the past several years and can greatly facilitate surgical planning thereby improving patient outcomes. Although still much less utilized compared to computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gaining traction in medical 3D printing. The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) to determine the prevalence in the existing literature of using MRI to create 3D printed anatomic models for surgical planning and 2) to provide image acquisition recommendations for appropriate clinical scenarios where MRI is the most suitable imaging modality. The workflow for creating 3D printed anatomic models from medical imaging data is complex and involves image segmentation of the regions of interest and conversion of that data into 3D surface meshes, which are compatible with printing technologies. CT is most commonly used to create 3D printed anatomic models due to the high image quality and relative ease of performing image segmentation from CT data. As compared to CT datasets, 3D printing using MRI data offers advantages since it provides exquisite soft tissue contrast needed for accurate organ segmentation and it does not expose patients to unnecessary ionizing radiation. MRI, however, often requires complicated imaging techniques and time-consuming postprocessing procedures to generate high-resolution 3D anatomic models needed for 3D printing. Despite these challenges, 3D modeling and printing from MRI data holds great clinical promises thanks to emerging innovations in both advanced MRI imaging and postprocessing techniques. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICATCY: 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha R Talanki
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie B Shamir
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Steven H Baete
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Q Duong
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Wake
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Ohno Y, Seo JB, Parraga G, Lee KS, Gefter WB, Fain SB, Schiebler ML, Hatabu H. Pulmonary Functional Imaging: Part 1-State-of-the-Art Technical and Physiologic Underpinnings. Radiology 2021; 299:508-523. [PMID: 33825513 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021203711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, pulmonary imaging technologies have advanced from chest radiography and nuclear medicine methods to high-spatial-resolution or low-dose chest CT and MRI. It is currently possible to identify and measure pulmonary pathologic changes before these are obvious even to patients or depicted on conventional morphologic images. Here, key technological advances are described, including multiparametric CT image processing methods, inhaled hyperpolarized and fluorinated gas MRI, and four-dimensional free-breathing CT and MRI methods to measure regional ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, and biomechanics. The basic anatomic and physiologic underpinnings of these pulmonary functional imaging techniques are explained. In addition, advances in image analysis and computational and artificial intelligence (machine learning) methods pertinent to functional lung imaging are discussed. The clinical applications of pulmonary functional imaging, including both the opportunities and challenges for clinical translation and deployment, will be discussed in part 2 of this review. Given the technical advances in these sophisticated imaging methods and the wealth of information they can provide, it is anticipated that pulmonary functional imaging will be increasingly used in the care of patients with lung disease. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Grace Parraga
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Warren B Gefter
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Sean B Fain
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Hiroto Hatabu
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
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3
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Lee JS. A Review of Deep-Learning-Based Approaches for Attenuation Correction in Positron Emission Tomography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2020.3009269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Chingo Aimacaña CM, Quinchiguango Perez DA, Rocha Pinto S, Debut A, Attia MF, Santos-Oliveira R, Whitehead DC, Terencio T, Alexis F, Dahoumane SA. Polytetrafluoroethylene-like Nanoparticles as a Promising Contrast Agent for Dual Modal Ultrasound and X-ray Bioimaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1181-1191. [PMID: 33590748 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Various noninvasive imaging techniques are used to produce deep-tissue and high-resolution images for biomedical research and clinical purposes. Organic and inorganic bioimaging agents have been developed to enhance the resolution and contrast intensity. This paper describes the synthesis of polytetrafluoroethylene-like nanoparticles (PTFE≈ NPs), their characterization, biological activity, and bioimaging properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed the shape and the size of the as-obtained small and ultrasmall PTFE≈ NPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the PTFE-like character of the samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) enabled the determination of the crystallization system, cell lattice, and index of crystallinity of the material in addition to the presence of titania (TiO2) as the contamination. These findings were corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that identifies the chemical states of the elements present in the samples along with their atomic percentages allowing the determination of both the purity index of the sample and the nature of the impurities. Additionally, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) was used to further assess the optical properties of the materials. Importantly, PTFE≈ NPs showed significant in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. Lastly, PTFE≈ NPs were tested for their ultrasound and X-ray contrast properties. Our encouraging preliminary results open new avenues for PTFE-like nanomaterials as a suitable multifunctional contrast agent for biomedical imaging applications. Combined with suitable surface chemistry and morphology design, these findings shed light to new opportunities offered by PTFE nanoparticles in the ever-booming biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suyene Rocha Pinto
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, 21941906 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Zona Oeste State University, Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, 23070200 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexis Debut
- Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí 170501, Ecuador
| | - Mohamed F Attia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, 21941906 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Zona Oeste State University, Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, 23070200 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Thibault Terencio
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, 100650 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Frank Alexis
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, 100650 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Si Amar Dahoumane
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, 100650 Urcuquí, Ecuador
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Yao M, Shi X, Zuo C, Ma M, Zhang L, Zhang H, Li X, Yang GY, Tang Y, Wu R. Engineering of SPECT/Photoacoustic Imaging/Antioxidative Stress Triple-Function Nanoprobe for Advanced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Cerebral Ischemia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37885-37895. [PMID: 32806884 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The precise transplantation, long-term tracking, and maintenance of stem cells with maximizing therapeutic effect are significant challenges in stem cell-based therapy for stroke treatment. In this study, a unique core-shell labeling nanoagent was prepared by encapsulating a cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticle (CPMSN) into a 125I-conjugated/spermine-modified dextran polymer (125I-SD) by microfluidics for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) tracking and activity maintenance. The CPMSN core not only exhibits excellent photoacoustic (PA) imaging performance induced by the intermolecular aggregation of CoPP within the mesopores but also protects the MSCs against oxidative stress by sustained release of CoPP. Meanwhile, the addition of a 125I-SD shell can increase the uptake efficiency in MSCs without inducing cell variability and enable the single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) nuclear imaging. In vivo results indicated that CPMSN@125I-SD labeling could allow for an optimal combination of instant imaging of MSCs, with PA to guide intracerebral injection, followed by multiple time point SPECT imaging to consecutively track the cell homing. Importantly, the sustained release of CoPP from CPMSN@125I-SD significantly increased the survival of MSCs after injection into an ischemic mouse brain and promoted neurobehavioral recovery in ischemic mice. Thus, CPMSN@125I-SD represents a robust theranostic probe for both MSC tracking and maintaining their therapeutic effect in the treatment of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Yao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Changjing Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
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Jiang W, Chalich Y, Deen MJ. Sensors for Positron Emission Tomography Applications. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19225019. [PMID: 31744258 PMCID: PMC6891456 DOI: 10.3390/s19225019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is an essential tool in clinical applications for the diagnosis of diseases due to its ability to acquire functional images to help differentiate between metabolic and biological activities at the molecular level. One key limiting factor in the development of efficient and accurate PET systems is the sensor technology in the PET detector. There are generally four types of sensor technologies employed: photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), avalanche photodiodes (APDs), silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), and cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors. PMTs were widely used for PET applications in the early days due to their excellent performance metrics of high gain, low noise, and fast timing. However, the fragility and bulkiness of the PMT glass tubes, high operating voltage, and sensitivity to magnetic fields ultimately limit this technology for future cost-effective and multi-modal systems. As a result, solid-state photodetectors like the APD, SiPM, and CZT detectors, and their applications for PET systems, have attracted lots of research interest, especially owing to the continual advancements in the semiconductor fabrication process. In this review, we study and discuss the operating principles, key performance parameters, and PET applications for each type of sensor technology with an emphasis on SiPM and CZT detectors—the two most promising types of sensors for future PET systems. We also present the sensor technologies used in commercially available state-of-the-art PET systems. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of these four types of sensors are compared and the research challenges of SiPM and CZT detectors are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Yamn Chalich
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - M. Jamal Deen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-905-525-9140 (ext. 27137)
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Weiger M, Pruessmann KP. Short-T 2 MRI: Principles and recent advances. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:237-270. [PMID: 31779882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among current modalities of biomedical and diagnostic imaging, MRI stands out by virtue of its versatile contrast obtained without ionizing radiation. However, in various cases, e.g., water protons in tissues such as bone, tendon, and lung, MRI performance is limited by the rapid decay of resonance signals associated with short transverse relaxation times T2 or T2*. Efforts to address this shortcoming have led to a variety of specialized short-T2 techniques. Recent progress in this field expands the choice of methods and prompts fresh considerations with regard to instrumentation, data acquisition, and signal processing. In this review, the current status of short-T2 MRI is surveyed. In an attempt to structure the growing range of techniques, the presentation highlights overarching concepts and basic methodological options. The most frequently used approaches are described in detail, including acquisition strategies, image reconstruction, hardware requirements, means of introducing contrast, sources of artifacts, limitations, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Klaas P Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kwatra NS, Lim R, Gee MS, States LJ, Vossough A, Lee EY. PET/MR Imaging:. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2019; 27:387-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Wiesinger F, Menini A, Solana AB. Looping Star. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:57-68. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wiesinger
- ASL Europe, GE Healthcare; Munich Germany
- Department of Neuroimaging; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London; London United Kingdom
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Shandiz MS, Rad HS, Ghafarian P, Yaghoubi K, Ay MR. Capturing Bone Signal in MRI of Pelvis, as a Large FOV Region, Using TWIST Sequence and Generating a 5-Class Attenuation Map for Prostate PET/MRI Imaging. Mol Imaging 2018; 17:1536012118789314. [PMID: 30064303 PMCID: PMC6071149 DOI: 10.1177/1536012118789314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Prostate imaging is a major application of hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic
resonance imaging (PET/MRI). Currently, MRI-based attenuation correction (MRAC) for
whole-body PET/MRI in which the bony structures are ignored is the main obstacle to
successful implementation of the hybrid modality in the clinical work flow. Ultrashort
echo time sequence captures bone signal but needs specific hardware–software and is
challenging in large field of view (FOV) regions, such as pelvis. The main aims of the
work are (1) to capture a part of the bone signal in pelvis using short echo time (STE)
imaging based on time-resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories
(TWIST) sequence and (2) to consider the bone in pelvis attenuation map (µ-map) to MRAC
for PET/MRI systems. Procedures: Time-resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories, which is routinely
used for MR angiography with high temporal and spatial resolution, was employed for
fast/STE MR imaging. Data acquisition was performed in a TE of 0.88 milliseconds (STE)
and 4.86 milliseconds (long echo time [LTE]) in pelvis region. Region of interest
(ROI)-based analysis was used for comparing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of cortical
bone in STE and LTE images. A hybrid segmentation protocol, which is comprised of image
subtraction, a Fuzzy-based segmentation, and a dedicated morphologic operation, was used
for generating a 5-class µ-map consisting of cortical bone, air cavity, fat, soft
tissue, and background (µ-mapMR-5c). A MR-based 4-class µ-map
(µ-mapMR-4c) that considered soft tissue rather than bone was generated. As
such, a bilinear (µ-mapCT-ref), 5 (µ-mapCT-5c), and 4 class µ-map
(µ-mapCT-4c) based on computed tomography (CT) images were generated.
Finally, simulated PET data were corrected using µ-mapMR-5c (PET-MRAC5c),
µ-mapMR-4c (PET-MRAC4c), µ-mapCT-5c (PET-CTAC5c), and
µ-mapCT-ref (PET-CTAC). Results: The ratio of SNRbone to SNRair cavity in LTE images was 0.8, this
factor was increased to 4.4 in STE images. The Dice, Sensitivity, and Accuracy metrics
for bone segmentation in proposed method were 72.4% ± 5.5%, 69.6% ± 7.5%, and 96.5% ±
3.5%, respectively, where the segmented CT served as reference. The mean relative error
in bone regions in the simulated PET images were −13.98% ± 15%, −35.59% ± 15.41%, and
1.81% ± 12.2%, respectively, in PET-MRAC5c, PET-MRAC4c, and PET-CTAC5c where PET-CTAC
served as the reference. Despite poor correlation in the joint histogram of
µ-mapMR-4c versus µ-mapCT-5c (R2 > 0.78) and
PET-MRAC4c versus PET-CTAC5c (R2 = 0.83), high correlations were observed in
µ-mapMR-5c versus µ-mapCT-5c (R2 > 0.94) and
PET-MRAC5c versus PET-CTAC5c (R2 > 0.96). Conclusions: According to the SNRSTE, pelvic bone, the cortical bone can be separate from
air cavity in STE imaging based on TWIST sequence. The proposed method generated an
MRI-based µ-map containing bone and air cavity that led to more accurate tracer uptake
estimation than MRAC4c. Uptake estimation in hybrid PET/MRI can be improved by employing
the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shirin Shandiz
- 1 Department of Medical Physics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamid Saligheh Rad
- 2 Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,3 Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pardis Ghafarian
- 4 Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,5 PET/CT and Cyclotron Center, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Yaghoubi
- 1 Department of Medical Physics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ay
- 2 Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,3 Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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García Jiménez R, García-Gómez F, Noriega Álvarez E, Calvo Morón C, Martín-Marcuartu J. Hybrid imaging in foot and ankle disorders. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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García Jiménez R, García-Gómez FJ, Noriega Álvarez E, Calvo Morón C, Martín-Marcuartu JJ. Hybrid imaging in foot and ankle disorders. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2017; 37:191-202. [PMID: 29221678 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of the foot and ankle are some of the most frequent ones affecting the musculoskeletal system and have a great impact on patients' quality of life. Accurate diagnosis is an important clinical challenge because of the complex anatomy and function of the foot, that make it difficult to locate the source of the pain by routine clinical examination. In the study of foot pathology, anatomical imaging (radiography, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], ultrasound and computed tomography [CT]) and functional imaging (bone scan, positron emission tomography [PET] and MRI) techniques have been used. Hybrid imaging combines the advantages of morphological and functional studies in a synergistic way, helping the clinician manage complex problems. In this article we delve into the anatomy and biomechanics of the foot and ankle and describe the potential indications for the current hybrid techniques available for the study of foot and ankle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R García Jiménez
- Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España; Grupo de Patología Músculo-Esquelética de la SEMNIM
| | - F J García-Gómez
- Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España; Grupo de Patología Músculo-Esquelética de la SEMNIM
| | - E Noriega Álvarez
- Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España; Grupo de Patología Músculo-Esquelética de la SEMNIM
| | - C Calvo Morón
- Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España; Grupo de Patología Músculo-Esquelética de la SEMNIM.
| | - J J Martín-Marcuartu
- Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España; Grupo de Patología Músculo-Esquelética de la SEMNIM
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13
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Mikhaylova E, Tabacchini V, Borghi G, Mollet P, D’Hoe E, Schaart DR, Vandenberghe S. Optimization of an ultralow-dose high-resolution pediatric PET scanner design based on monolithic scintillators with dual-sided digital SiPM readout: a simulation study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 62:8402-8418. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa8eb2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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14
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Abstract
Molecular imaging allows for the visualization of changes at the cellular level in diseases such as cancer. A successful molecular imaging agent must rely on disease-selective targets and ligands that specifically interact with those targets. Unfortunately, the translation of novel target-specific ligands into the clinic has been frustratingly slow with limitations including the complex design and screening approaches for ligand identification, as well as their subsequent optimization into useful imaging agents. This review focuses on combinatorial library approaches towards addressing these two challenges, with particular focus on phage display and one-bead one-compound (OBOC) libraries. Both of these peptide-based techniques have proven successful in identifying new ligands for cancer-specific targets and some of the success stories will be highlighted. New developments in screening methodology and sequencing technology have pushed the bounds of phage display and OBOC even further, allowing for even faster and more robust discovery of novel ligands. The combination of multiple high-throughput technologies will not only allow for more accurate identification, but also faster affinity maturation, while overall streamlining the process of translating novel ligands into clinical imaging agents.
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15
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Leynes AP, Yang J, Shanbhag DD, Kaushik SS, Seo Y, Hope TA, Wiesinger F, Larson PEZ. Hybrid ZTE/Dixon MR-based attenuation correction for quantitative uptake estimation of pelvic lesions in PET/MRI. Med Phys 2017; 44:902-913. [PMID: 28112410 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study introduces a new hybrid ZTE/Dixon MR-based attenuation correction (MRAC) method including bone density estimation for PET/MRI and quantifies the effects of bone attenuation on metastatic lesion uptake in the pelvis. METHODS Six patients with pelvic lesions were scanned using fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in an integrated time-of-flight (TOF) PET/MRI system. For PET attenuation correction, MR imaging consisted of two-point Dixon and zero echo-time (ZTE) pulse sequences. A continuous-value fat and water pseudoCT was generated from a two-point Dixon MRI. Bone was segmented from the ZTE images and converted to Hounsfield units (HU) using a continuous two-segment piecewise linear model based on ZTE MRI intensity. The HU values were converted to linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) using a bilinear model. The bone voxels of the Dixon-based pseudoCT were replaced by the ZTE-derived bone to produce the hybrid ZTE/Dixon pseudoCT. The three different AC maps (Dixon, hybrid ZTE/Dixon, CTAC) were used to reconstruct PET images using a TOF-ordered subset expectation maximization algorithm with a point-spread function model. Metastatic lesions were separated into two classes, bone lesions and soft tissue lesions, and analyzed. The MRAC methods were compared using a root-mean-squared error (RMSE), where the registered CTAC was taken as ground truth. RESULTS The RMSE of the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax ) is 11.02% and 7.79% for bone (N = 6) and soft tissue lesions (N = 8), respectively, using Dixon MRAC. The RMSE of SUVmax for these lesions is significantly reduced to 3.28% and 3.94% when using the new hybrid ZTE/Dixon MRAC. Additionally, the RMSE for PET SUVs across the entire pelvis and all patients are 8.76% and 4.18%, for the Dixon and hybrid ZTE/Dixon MRAC methods, respectively. CONCLUSION A hybrid ZTE/Dixon MRAC method was developed and applied to pelvic regions in an integrated TOF PET/MRI, demonstrating improved MRAC. This new method included bone density estimation, through which PET quantification is improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Leynes
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jaewon Yang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dattesh D Shanbhag
- GE Global Research, Plot #122, Export Promotion Industrial Park, Phase 2, Hoodi Village, Whitefield Road, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Sandeep S Kaushik
- GE Global Research, Plot #122, Export Promotion Industrial Park, Phase 2, Hoodi Village, Whitefield Road, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94158, USA.,University of California, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas A Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Florian Wiesinger
- GE Global Research, Freisinger Landstrasse 50, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94158, USA.,University of California, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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16
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Angelidis G, Giamouzis G, Karagiannis G, Butler J, Tsougos I, Valotassiou V, Giannakoulas G, Dimakopoulos N, Xanthopoulos A, Skoularigis J, Triposkiadis F, Georgoulias P. SPECT and PET in ischemic heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2017; 22:243-261. [DOI: 10.1007/s10741-017-9594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Optimized workflow and imaging protocols for whole-body oncologic PET/MRI. Jpn J Radiol 2016; 34:754-762. [PMID: 27714486 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-016-0584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although PET/MRI has the advantages of a simultaneous acquisition of PET and MRI, high soft-tissue contrast of the MRI images, and reduction of radiation exposure, its low profitability and long acquisition time are significant problems in clinical settings. Thus, MRI protocols that meet oncological purposes need to be used in order to reduce examination time while securing detectability. Currently, half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo and 3D-T1 volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination may be the most commonly used sequences for whole-body imaging due to their shorter acquisition time and higher diagnostic accuracy. Although there have been several reports that adding diffusion weighted image (DWI) to PET/MRI protocol has had no effect on tumor detection to date, in cases of liver, kidney, bladder, and prostate cancer, the use of DWI may be beneficial in detecting lesions. Another possible option is to scan each region with different MRI sequences instead of scanning the whole body using one sequence continuously. We herein report a workflow and imaging protocols for whole-body oncologic PET/MRI using an integrated system in the clinical routine, designed for the detection, for example by cancer screening, of metastatic lesions, in order to help future users optimize their workflow and imaging protocols.
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Schwenzer NF, Seith F, Gatidis S, Brendle C, Schmidt H, Pfannenberg CA, laFougère C, Nikolaou K, Schraml C. Diagnosing Lung Nodules on Oncologic MR/PET Imaging: Comparison of Fast T1-Weighted Sequences and Influence of Image Acquisition in Inspiration and Expiration Breath-Hold. Korean J Radiol 2016; 17:684-94. [PMID: 27587957 PMCID: PMC5007395 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2016.17.5.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective First, to investigate the diagnostic performance of fast T1-weighted sequences for lung nodule evaluation in oncologic magnetic resonance (MR)/positron emission tomography (PET). Second, to evaluate the influence of image acquisition in inspiration and expiration breath-hold on diagnostic performance. Materials and Methods The study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. PET/CT and MR/PET of 44 cancer patients were evaluated by 2 readers. PET/CT included lung computed tomography (CT) scans in inspiration and expiration (CTin, CTex). MR/PET included Dixon sequence for attenuation correction and fast T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences (volume interpolated breath-hold examination acquired in inspiration [VIBEin], volume interpolated breath-hold examination acquired in expiration [VIBEex]). Diagnostic performance was analyzed for lesion-, lobe-, and size-dependence. Diagnostic confidence was evaluated (4-point Likert-scale; 1 = high). Jackknife alternative free-response receiver-operating characteristic (JAFROC) analysis was performed. Results Seventy-six pulmonary lesions were evaluated. Lesion-based detection rates were: CTex, 77.6%; VIBEin, 53.3%; VIBEex, 51.3%; and Dixon, 22.4%. Lobe-based detection rates were: CTex, 89.6%; VIBEin, 58.3%; VIBEex, 60.4%; and Dixon, 31.3%. In contrast to CT, inspiration versus expiration did not alter diagnostic performance in VIBE sequences. Diagnostic confidence was best for VIBEin and CTex and decreased in VIBEex and Dixon (1.2 ± 0.6; 1.2 ± 0.7; 1.5 ± 0.9; 1.7 ± 1.1, respectively). The JAFROC figure-of-merit of Dixon was significantly lower. All patients with malignant lesions were identified by CTex, VIBEin, and VIBEex, while 3 patients were false-negative in Dixon. Conclusion Fast T1-weighted VIBE sequences allow for identification of patients with malignant pulmonary lesions. The Dixon sequence is not recommended for lung nodule evaluation in oncologic MR/PET patients. In contrast to CT, inspiration versus expiratory breath-hold in VIBE sequences was less crucial for lung nodule evaluation but was important for diagnostic confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina F Schwenzer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Seith
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Sergios Gatidis
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brendle
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Holger Schmidt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Christina A Pfannenberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Christian laFougère
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Christina Schraml
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
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20
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Weiger M, Brunner DO, Schmid T, Froidevaux R, Rösler MB, Gross S, Pruessmann KP. A virtually 1H-free birdcage coil for zero echo time MRI without background signal. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:399-407. [PMID: 27505183 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE MRI of tissues with rapid transverse relaxation can be performed efficiently using the zero echo time (ZTE) technique. At high bandwidths leading to large relative initial radiofrequency (RF) dead times, the method becomes increasingly sensitive to artifacts related to signal stemming from outside the field of view, particularly from the RF coils. Therefore, in this work, a birdcage coil was designed that is virtually free of 1H signal. METHODS A transmit-receive birdcage RF coil for MRI of joints at 7T was designed by rigorously avoiding materials containing 1H nuclei, by using purely mechanical connections without glue, and by spoiling of unwanted signal by application of ferromagnetic materials. The coil was tested for residual 1H signal using ZTE phantom and in vivo joint imaging. RESULTS In standard ZTE imaging, no 1H signal was detected above noise level. Only at extreme averaging, residual signal was observed close to conductors associated with 1H-containing molecules at adjacent glass surfaces. Phantom images with dead times up to 3.8 Nyquist dwells were obtained with only negligible background artifacts. Furthermore, high-quality ZTE images of human joints were acquired. CONCLUSION A virtually 1H-free birdcage coil is presented, thus enabling in vivo ZTE MRI practically free of background signal, even at high bandwidths. Magn Reson Med 78:399-407, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David O Brunner
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schmid
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Romain Froidevaux
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela B Rösler
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Gross
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas P Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Carreras-Delgado JL, Pérez-Dueñas V, Riola-Parada C, García-Cañamaque L. PET/MRI: A luxury or a necessity? Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2016; 35:313-20. [PMID: 27349326 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PET/MRI is a new multimodality technique with a promising future in diagnostic imaging. Technical limitations are being overcome. Interference between the two systems (PET and MRI) seems to have been resolved. MRI-based PET attenuation correction can be performed safely. Scan time is acceptable and the study is tolerable, with claustrophobia prevalence similar to that of MRI. Quantification with common parameters, such as Standardized Uptake Value (SUV), shows a fairly good correlation between both systems. However, PET/CT currently provides better results in scan time, scan costs, and patient comfort. Less patient radiation exposure is a big advantage of PET/MRI over PET/CT, which makes it particularly recommended in paediatric and adolescent patients requiring one or more studies. PET/MRI indications are the same as those of PET/CT, given that in cases where MRI is superior to CT, PET/MRI is superior to PET/CT. This superiority is clear in many soft tissue tumours. Moreover, it is common to perform both PET/CT and MRI in neurological diseases, as well as in some tumours, such as breast cancer. A single PET/MRI study replaces both with obvious benefit. MRI also allows other MRI-based PET corrections, such as motion or partial volume effect corrections. The better spatial resolution of MRI allows the transfer of well-defined MRI areas or small volumes of interest to PET image, in order to measure PET biomarkers in these areas. The richness of information of both techniques opens up immense possibilities of synergistic correlation between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Carreras-Delgado
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Móstoles, Madrid, España; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
| | - V Pérez-Dueñas
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Móstoles, Madrid, España
| | - C Riola-Parada
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España
| | - L García-Cañamaque
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Móstoles, Madrid, España
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23
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Kiani A, Esquevin A, Lepareur N, Bourguet P, Le Jeune F, Gauvrit J. Main applications of hybrid PET-MRI contrast agents: a review. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 11:92-8. [PMID: 26632007 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In medical imaging, the continuous quest to improve diagnostic performance and optimize treatment strategies has led to the use of combined imaging modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) is a hybrid imaging existing already for many years. The high spatial and contrast resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the high sensitivity and molecular information from PET imaging are leading to the development of this new hybrid imaging along with hybrid contrast agents. To create a hybrid contrast agent for PET-MRI device, a PET radiotracer needs to be combined with an MRI contrast agent. The most common approach is to add a radioactive isotope to the surface of a small superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particle. The resulting agents offer a wide range of applications, such as pH variation monitoring, non-invasive angiography and early imaging diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Oncology is the most promising field with the detection of sentinel lymph nodes and the targeting of tumor neoangiogenesis. Oncology and cardiovascular imaging are thus major areas of development for hybrid PET-MRI imaging systems and hybrid contrast agents. The aim is to combine high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, morphological and functional information. Future prospects include the use of specific antibodies and hybrid multimodal PET-MRI-ultrasound-fluorescence imaging with the potential to provide overall pre-, intra- and postoperative patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kiani
- Neurofacial Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Rennes University Hospital, 2 rue H. Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - A Esquevin
- Neurofacial Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Rennes University Hospital, 2 rue H. Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France.,VisAGeS U746 Unit/Project, INSERM/INRIA, IRISA, UMR CNRS 6074, University of Rennes 1, Beaulieu Campus, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - N Lepareur
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Eugène Marquis Center, avenue Bataille Flandres Dunkerque, 35042, Rennes, France.,INSERM UMR-S 991 Unit "Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer", University of Rennes 1, 2 rue H. Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - P Bourguet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Eugène Marquis Center, avenue Bataille Flandres Dunkerque, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - F Le Jeune
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Eugène Marquis Center, avenue Bataille Flandres Dunkerque, 35042, Rennes, France.,EA 4712, "Behavior and Basal Ganglia", University of Rennes 1, 2 rue H. Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Jy Gauvrit
- Neurofacial Imaging Unit, Department of Radiology, Rennes University Hospital, 2 rue H. Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France.,VisAGeS U746 Unit/Project, INSERM/INRIA, IRISA, UMR CNRS 6074, University of Rennes 1, Beaulieu Campus, 35042, Rennes, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav K von Schulthess
- Department of Medical Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Veit-Haibach
- Department of Medical Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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