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Chen J, Zhao Y. Pre-treatment [ 18F]FDG PET/CT for assessing bone marrow involvement and prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Hematology 2024; 29:2325317. [PMID: 38465661 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2325317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the value of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in assessing bone marrow involvement (BMI) and prognosis in newly diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) before treatment. METHODS This retrospective study included 201 eligible PTCLs who received pre-bone marrow biopsy (BMB) and PET/CT. The status of bone marrow (BM) by PET was assessed using a visual examination and a quantitative index (the maximal standardized uptake value [SUVmax] of BM divided by the SUVmax of the liver [M/L]). RESULTS Totally 148 patients had no evidence of BMI by PET or BMB; BMI was detected by both methods in 16 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT for patients with confirmed BMI by BMB were 43.2% and 90.2%, respectively (κ = 0.353). In addition, 25 patients assessed by PET/CT staging (having stage I to II disease) had no evidence of BMI detected by both PET/CT and BMB. Image-guided biopsy was also recommended when PET/CT showed a focal FDG uptake outside the iliac crest. Survival analysis revealed that BMB was significant for overall survival (OS) (P = 0.020) while M/L for both progression free survival (P = 0.002) and OS (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, M/L (HR 1.825, 95% CI 1.071-3.110, P = 0.027) was an independent prognostic factor for OS. There were no statistical differences at the genetic level about BMI confirmed by PET or BMB. CONCLUSION PET/CT has a complementary role in assessing BMI and an ability to predict prognosis in PTCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Al-Ibraheem A, Allouzi S, Abdlkadir AS, Mikhail-Lette M, Al-Rabi K, Ma'koseh M, Knoll P, Abdelrhman Z, Shahin O, Juweid ME, Paez D, Lopci E. PET/CT in leukemia: utility and future directions. Nucl Med Commun 2024; 45:550-563. [PMID: 38646840 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
2-Deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro- d -glucose PET/computed tomography ([ 18 F]FDG PET/CT) has proven to be a sensitive method for the detection and evaluation of hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoma. The increasing incidence and mortality rates of leukemia have raised significant concerns. Through the utilization of whole-body imaging, [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT provides a thorough assessment of the entire bone marrow, complementing the limited insights provided by biopsy samples. In this regard, [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT has the ability to assess diverse types of leukemia The utilization of [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT has been found to be effective in evaluating leukemia spread beyond the bone marrow, tracking disease relapse, identifying Richter's transformation, and assessing the inflammatory activity associated with acute graft versus host disease. However, its role in various clinical scenarios in leukemia remains unacknowledged. Despite their less common use, some novel PET/CT radiotracers are being researched for potential use in specific scenarios in leukemia patients. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to provide a thorough assessment of the current applications of [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT in the staging and monitoring of leukemia patients, as well as the potential for an expanding role of PET/CT in leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC),
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan,
| | - Sudqi Allouzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC),
| | | | - Miriam Mikhail-Lette
- Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging Section, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Kamal Al-Rabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan,
| | - Mohammad Ma'koseh
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan,
| | - Peter Knoll
- Dosimetry and Medical Radiation Physics Section, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Zaid Abdelrhman
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan,
| | - Omar Shahin
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan,
| | - Malik E Juweid
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan and
| | - Diana Paez
- Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging Section, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Egesta Lopci
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS - Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano (MI), Italy
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3
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Yadgarov MY, Dunaykin MM, Shestopalov GI, Kailash C, Kireeva ED, Myakova NV, Likar YN. Prognostic value of baseline and interim [ 18F]FDG PET metabolic parameters in pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1955-1964. [PMID: 38351389 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in pediatric populations has a high survival rate but poses risks for long-term morbidities. Although [18F]fluoro‑2‑deoxy‑2‑d‑glucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG PET) scans offer potential for improved risk stratification, the definitive prognostic value of quantitative [18F]FDG PET parameters remains unclear for pediatric HL. METHODS A single-center, retrospective study included pediatric patients diagnosed with HL between 2016 and 2023 treated according to EuroNet-PHL-C1 and DAL/GPOH-HD protocols. Patients underwent baseline and interim PET/CT scans after two chemotherapy cycles. Event-free survival (EFS) was the primary endpoint, Deauville score was the secondary endpoint. Quantitative [18F]FDG PET parameters included SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) that were evaluated using two segmentation methods (SUV 2.5, 41% SUVmax). Survival outcomes were assessed using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 115 patients (50 males, median age 14.2 years) were studied, with a median follow-up period of 35 months. During this period, 16 cases (13.9%) of relapse or progression were noted. Baseline and interim MTV 2.5, MTV 41%, TLG 2.5, and TLG 41%, along with interim SUVmax, were significantly associated with worse EFS and correlated with post-treatment Deauville scores. In multivariable analysis, interim MTV 2.5 > 0 ml (adj. hazard ratio, HR: 3.89, p = 0.009) and interim TLG 41% ≥ 30 g (adj. HR: 7.98, p = 0.006) were independent risk factors for EFS. CONCLUSION Baseline and interim [18F]FDG PET parameters can serve as significant prognostic indicators for EFS and treatment response in pediatric HL. These quantitative measures could enhance individualized, risk-adapted treatment strategies for children and adolescents with HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Ya Yadgarov
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of PET and Radionuclide Diagnostics, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela Str. 1, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - M M Dunaykin
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - G I Shestopalov
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Children's Clinical Hospital, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Kailash
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E D Kireeva
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Myakova
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu N Likar
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Sadik M, Barrington SF, Trägårdh E, Saboury B, Nielsen AL, Jakobsen AL, Gongora JLL, Urdaneta JL, Kumar R, Edenbrandt L. Metabolic tumour volume in Hodgkin lymphoma-A comparison between manual and AI-based analysis. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2024; 44:220-227. [PMID: 38011940 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare total metabolic tumour volume (tMTV), calculated using two artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools, with manual segmentation by specialists as the reference. METHODS Forty-eight consecutive Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients staged with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography were included. The median age was 35 years (range: 7-75), 46% female. The tMTV was automatically measured using the AI-based tools positron emission tomography assisted reporting system (PARS) (from Siemens) and RECOMIA (recomia.org) without any manual adjustments. A group of eight nuclear medicine specialists manually segmented lesions for tMTV calculations; each patient was independently segmented by two specialists. RESULTS The median of the manual tMTV was 146 cm3 (interquartile range [IQR]: 79-568 cm3) and the median difference between two tMTV values segmented by different specialists for the same patient was 26 cm3 (IQR: 10-86 cm3). In 22 of the 48 patients, the manual tMTV value was closer to the RECOMIA tMTV value than to the manual tMTV value segmented by the second specialist. In 11 of the remaining 26 patients, the difference between the RECOMIA tMTV and the manual tMTV was small (<26 cm3, which was the median difference between two manual tMTV values from the same patient). The corresponding numbers for PARS were 18 and 10 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that RECOMIA and Siemens PARS AI tools could be used without any major manual adjustments in 69% (33/48) and 58% (28/48) of HL patients, respectively. This demonstrates the feasibility of using AI tools to support physicians measuring tMTV for assessment of prognosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Sadik
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sally F Barrington
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences Kings College, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, London, UK
| | - Elin Trägårdh
- Departmet of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Babak Saboury
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Anne L Nielsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Annika L Jakobsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Centre of Diagnostic Investigations, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jose L L Gongora
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jesus L Urdaneta
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lars Edenbrandt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Giri S, Kumar L, Mane K, Uppin MS, Bhrugumalla S, Sundaram S. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Avid Benign Anthracotic Mediastinal Lymphadenitis Mimicking Metastatic Lymphadenopathy. Cureus 2024; 16:e59614. [PMID: 38832184 PMCID: PMC11145082 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The staging of malignancy is critical for its effective management. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging is a common modality for malignancy staging, which identifies areas of FDG avidity. However, multiple benign etiologies can cause false-positive 18F FDG-avid nodes. Among these, extrapulmonary involvement of anthracosis in the form of lymphadenopathy is a rare entity. In patients with concomitant malignancies, the presence of 18F FDG-avid anthracotic lymph nodal enlargement may mimic nodal metastasis. Endosonography-guided tissue acquisition may help differentiate between the two. Herein, we describe six cases of FDG-avid benign anthracotic lymphadenitis detected during staging workups for patients with malignancies who later underwent curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Giri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Lohith Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Kiran Mane
- Department of Digestive Disease and Clinical Nutrition, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IND
| | - Megha S Uppin
- Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Sukanya Bhrugumalla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Sridhar Sundaram
- Department of Digestive Disease and Clinical Nutrition, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, IND
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Al-Ibraheem A, Abdlkadir AS, Lopci E, Allouzi S, Paez D, Alkuwari M, Makoseh M, Novruzov F, Usmani S, Al-Rabi K, Mansour A. FDG-PET in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR T-Cell) Therapy Toxicity: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1728. [PMID: 38730680 PMCID: PMC11083368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy to target cluster of differentiation (CD)19 in cancer immunotherapy has been a recent and significant advancement. Although this approach is highly specific and selective, it is not without complications. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to assess the current state of positron emission tomography (PET) in evaluating the adverse effects induced by CAR T-cell therapy. A thorough search of relevant articles was performed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up until March 2024. Two reviewers independently selected articles and extracted data, which was then organized and categorized using Microsoft Excel. The risk of bias and methodological quality was assessed. In total, 18 articles were examined, involving a total of 753 patients, in this study. A wide range of utilities were analyzed, including predictive, correlative, and diagnostic utilities. While positive outcomes were observed in all the mentioned areas, quantitative analysis of the included studies was hindered by their heterogeneity and use of varying PET-derived parameters. This study offers a pioneering exploration of this promising field, with the goal of encouraging further and more focused research in upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan; (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan; (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Egesta Lopci
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS—Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Sudqi Allouzi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan; (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Diana Paez
- Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging Section, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1220 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Maryam Alkuwari
- Clinical Imaging Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 7GPR+3M9, Qatar;
| | - Mohammad Makoseh
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman 11941, Jordan; (M.M.); (K.A.-R.)
| | - Fuad Novruzov
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The National Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Azerbaijan Republic, Baku AZ1012, Azerbaijan;
| | - Sharjeel Usmani
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre, Muscat 5661, Oman;
| | - Kamal Al-Rabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman 11941, Jordan; (M.M.); (K.A.-R.)
| | - Asem Mansour
- Department of Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan;
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7
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Singh SB, Bhandari S, Siwakoti S, Kumar M, Singh R, Bhusal S, Sharma K, Bhandari S, Khanal K. PET/CT in the Evaluation of CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy in Hematological Malignancies. Mol Imaging 2024; 23:15353508241257924. [PMID: 38952399 PMCID: PMC11208886 DOI: 10.1177/15353508241257924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell-based immunotherapy has emerged as a path-breaking strategy for certain hematological malignancies. Assessment of the response to CAR-T therapy using quantitative imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been broadly investigated. However, the definitive role of PET/CT in CAR-T therapy remains to be established. [18F]FDG PET/CT has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating patients with a partial and complete response after CAR-T therapy in lymphoma. The early therapeutic response and immune-related adverse effects such as cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome can also be detected on [18F]FDG PET images. In otherwise asymptomatic lymphoma patients with partial response following CAR-T therapy, the only positive findings could be abnormal PET/CT results. In multiple myeloma, a negative [18F]FDG PET/CT after receiving B-cell maturation antigen-directed CAR-T therapy has been associated with a favorable prognosis. In leukemia, [18F]FDG PET/CT can detect extramedullary metastases and treatment responses after therapy. Hence, PET/CT is a valuable imaging tool for patients undergoing CAR-T therapy for pretreatment evaluation, monitoring treatment response, assessing safety, and guiding therapeutic strategies. Developing guidelines with standardized cutoff values for various PET parameters and tumor cell-specific tracers may improve the efficacy and safety of CAR-T therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shisir Siwakoti
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Rabei O, Al-Rasheed U, Alrammahi M, Al-Ibraheem A. Differentiating Hodgkin Lymphoma and Sarcoid Reaction in Subsequent FDG-PET/CT: A Case Report and Literature Review. World J Nucl Med 2023; 22:306-309. [PMID: 38152107 PMCID: PMC10751130 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is frequently associated with various hematological and solid tumors; it can be discovered by chance during tumor evaluations. Sarcoidosis can occur before some cancers, coexist with others, or be diagnosed 1 to 2 years later. Sarcoid reaction affecting hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes can pose a diagnostic challenge in patients with histopathological confirmation of Hodgkin lymphoma who are being evaluated using fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scan because it cannot be easily distinguished from lymphoma infiltration. The presence of an increase or persistence of a prominent activity on a follow-up FDG-PET/CT scan after chemotherapy treatment for lymphoma that is associated with a complete metabolic response in the site of the primarily diagnosed lymphomatous disease is highly suggestive of concurrent sarcoidosis and necessitates careful assessment to avoid unnecessary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obayda Rabei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), 202 Queen Rania St., P.O. Box 1269, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ula Al-Rasheed
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), 202 Queen Rania St., P.O. Box 1269, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alrammahi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), 202 Queen Rania St., P.O. Box 1269, Amman, Jordan
| | - Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), 202 Queen Rania St., P.O. Box 1269, Amman, Jordan
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9
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Al-Ibraheem A, Abdlkadir AS, Juweid ME, Al-Rabi K, Ma’koseh M, Abdel-Razeq H, Mansour A. FDG-PET/CT in the Monitoring of Lymphoma Immunotherapy Response: Current Status and Future Prospects. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1063. [PMID: 36831405 PMCID: PMC9954669 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has been extensively investigated in lymphoma over the last three decades. This new treatment modality is now established as a way to manage and maintain several stages and subtypes of lymphoma. The establishment of this novel therapy has necessitated the development of new imaging response criteria to evaluate and follow up with cancer patients. Several FDG PET/CT-based response criteria have emerged to address and encompass the various most commonly observed response patterns. Many of the proposed response criteria are currently being used to evaluate and predict responses. The purpose of this review is to address the efficacy and side effects of cancer immunotherapy and to correlate this with the proposed criteria and relevant patterns of FDG PET/CT in lymphoma immunotherapy as applicable. The latest updates and future prospects in lymphoma immunotherapy, as well as PET/CT potentials, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center, Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, King Hussein Cancer Center, Al-Jubeiha, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Malik E. Juweid
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Kamal Al-Rabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Ma’koseh
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Hikmat Abdel-Razeq
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Asem Mansour
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
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