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Bauer C, Wagner R, Leisner J. The Detection of Foreign Items in Laundry Industry by Dual-Energy X-ray Transmission-Advantages and Limits. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8248. [PMID: 36365946 PMCID: PMC9658676 DOI: 10.3390/s22218248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Firefighters, paramedics, nursing staff, and other occupational groups are in constant need of fast and proper cleaning of their professional workwear, not only during a pandemic. Thus, laundry technology needs to become more efficient and automated. Unfortunately, some steps of the cleaning process, such as finding and removing foreign items from pockets or belts, are still completed manually. This is not just time-consuming but potentially dangerous for the workers due to the hazardous nature of items such as scissors, scalpels, or syringes. Additionally, some items may damage the garments by staining or harm the laundry machines, causing malfunctions and process failure. On the one hand, these foreign items are often hidden inside the clothes, making detection very challenging with conventional superficial sensors. On the other hand, these items can be diverse and cannot be detected by metal detectors alone. X-ray transmission has proven to be a powerful tool for detecting items inside of objects. The dual-energy approach (DE-XRT) even allows obtaining quantitative information about the chemical composition of the measured materials. In this study, working garments were accompanied and filled with realistic foreign items. The potential of DE-XRT to detect those items was successfully shown.
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Huang SL, Lu Q, Fan SH, Zong ZY, Hou TY, Chen BY, Qin JA, Suo Y, Gao XD, Wang NN. Sharp instrument injuries among hospital healthcare workers in mainland China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017761. [PMID: 28882927 PMCID: PMC5722084 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of sharp instrument injuries in hospital-based healthcare workers (HCWs) in mainland China and the contributing factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The data were derived from public hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 360 hospitals were recruited in the study, including 289 general hospitals and 71 specialised hospitals. Among them, 194 are tertiary-level hospitals and 166 are secondary level. The study population finally consisted of 223 149 hospital HCWs. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES A questionnaire was designed based on the aim of the study. Profession of HCWs, workplace, circumstance and medical apparatus and instrument were covered in the survey. HCWs completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding details of sharp instrument injuries within the previous month. Prevalence estimates for the injuries were calculated for the overall HCWs and for subgroups according to profession, workplace, circumstance or instrument. RESULTS Within the included HCWs, the prevalence of sharp instrument injuries was 0.08 per person-month. Only 4.6% of the HCWs reported to their hospitals after injury. The highest number of injuries occurred in nursing staff (10.3%). Injuries took place most frequently on general wards (44.5%). The circumstances that involved most frequent injuries include surgical needle insertion, removing an arteriovenous needle from a patient and recapping the needle. Single-use syringe caused more injuries incidents than other instruments. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that sharp instrument injuries have become a major occupational problem of HCWs in mainland China. Attentions need to be paid to the issue and strategies for preventing such injuries are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Huang
- Department of Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopeadics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Hong Fan
- Department of Infection Control, Tangdu Hospital, Fouth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zong
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tie-Ying Hou
- Department of InfectionControl, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bai-Yi Chen
- Department of Infection Control, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Ai Qin
- Department of Infection Control, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yao Suo
- Department of Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Department of Infection Control, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ning Wang
- Department of Infection Control, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Parco S, Vascotto F, Simeone R, Visconti P. Manual accidents, biological risk control, and quality indicators at a children's hospital in north-east Italy. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2015; 8:37-43. [PMID: 25926762 PMCID: PMC4404722 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s77490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Working in health care carries the risk of transmission of infected blood to patients by hospital workers and to other health personnel in the form of occupational infections. Conscientious application of the standard precautions is the main method used to avoid needle stick injuries, contamination of skin and mucous membranes, cuts with sharp tools, and inadequate disposal and recapping of needles. The aim of this work was to investigate in Friuli Venezia Giulia, a region in north-east Italy, the enhancement carried out to prevent situations of biologic risk for health care workers, and to verify the related laboratory analyses. Methods Biological accidents occurring during the years 2012–2013 in the departments of oncology and pediatric-obstetric surgery, and in the intensive care unit at Burlo Garofolo Children’s Hospital in Trieste (a large town in Friuli Venezia Giulia) were reviewed, and a new panel of tests was introduced for patients and health care workers, to also detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and aspartate transaminase and immunoglobulin G. All tests were submitted for external quality assessment. Results In total, 230 nosocomial events were reported by health care workers in the above-mentioned hospital departments in 2012–2013. There were 158 accidents in 2012, including 55 accidental needle stick injuries (34.81%), 59 blood splashes (37.34%), and 44 cuts with infected instruments (27.84%). The risk of sustaining a cut was related to movement error during surgery when the appropriate procedure was not followed or when devices were being assembled and passed between doctors and nurses. Most accidents happened among physicians compared to nurses; the high percentage of needle stick injuries (34.81%) versus nurses (25.94%) were due to incorrect recapping of needles after use. No cases of health care workers being infected with HCV, HBV, or HIV were identified. In 2013, the number of biological accidents decreased to 61, comprising two needle stick injuries (3.27%), 35 blood splashes (57.37%), and 25 cuts with contaminated instruments (40.98%). The number of subcutaneous abscesses with scarring resulting from cuts with sharp instruments decreased from three in 2012 (one of which was the subject of medicolegal proceedings) to none in 2013. Although our study population was relatively small, we did detect a statistically significant decrease in the number of needle stick injuries (P<0.05, χ2 test). Conclusion In this early experience at a maternal and child health institution in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, application of a safety protocol, centralized organization of HIV tests, improved external quality assessment, and introduction of internal quality control for immunoglobulin G contributed to a decrease in the number of work-related biological accidents and their complications, which have the potential to result in medicolegal problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Parco
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Simeone
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Patrizia Visconti
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
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Knowledge and Practices of Jordanian Nurses on Needlestick Injuries. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lipscomb J, Sokas R, McPhaul K, Scharf B, Barker P, Trinkoff A, Storr C. Occupational blood exposure among unlicensed home care workers and home care registered nurses: are they protected? Am J Ind Med 2009; 52:563-70. [PMID: 19479817 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.20701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the risk of blood exposure among personnel providing care to individual patients residing at home. The objective of this study was to document and compare blood exposure risks among unlicensed home care personal care assistants (PCAs) and home care registered nurses (RNs). METHODS PCAs self-completed surveys regarding blood and body fluid (BBF) contact in group settings (n = 980), while RNs completed mailed surveys (n = 794). RESULTS PCAs experience BBF contact in the course of providing care for home-based clients at a rate approximately 1/3 the rate experienced by RNs providing home care (8.1 and 26.7 per 100 full time equivalent (FTE), respectively), and the majority of PCA contact episodes did not involve direct sharps handling. However, for PCAs who performed work activities such as handling sharps and changing wound dressings, activities much more frequently performed by RNs, PCAs were at increased risk of injury when compared with RNs (OR = 7.4 vs. 1.4) and (OR = 6.3 vs. 2.5), respectively. CONCLUSION Both PCAs and RNs reported exposures to sharps, blood, and body fluids in the home setting at rates that warrant additional training, prevention, and protection. PCAs appear to be at increased risk of injury when performing nursing-related activities for which they are inexperienced and/or lack training. Further efforts are needed to protect home care workers from blood exposure, namely by assuring coverage and enforcement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogen Standard [Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 1993. Frequently Asked Questions Concerning the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. Available at: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=INTERPRETATIONS &p_id=21010#Scope. Accessed May 30, 2008].
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lipscomb
- School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
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Leigh JP, Wiatrowski WJ, Gillen M, Steenland NK. Characteristics of persons and jobs with needlestick injuries in a national data set. Am J Infect Control 2008; 36:414-20. [PMID: 18675147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physicians, nurses, and others are at risk of needlesticks, yet little national information is available regarding incidence across demographic and occupational categories. METHODS Analysis was conducted on national data on occupational injuries for 1992-2003 from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Because BLS data were limited to cases with 1 or more days of work loss, and reasons related to reporting of incidents, the data only reflected a subset of all needlesticks. Nevertheless, the data were internally consistent across categories so that relative magnitudes were reliable. Statistical tests for differences in proportions were conducted that compared needlesticks with all other occupational injuries and employment. RESULTS Cases with 1 or more days of work loss numbered 903 per year, on average, from 1992 through 2003. Women comprised 73.3% (95% CI: 72.5%-74.2%) of persons injured. For those reporting race, white, non-Hispanic comprised 69.3% of the total (95% CI: 68.1%-70.4%); black, non-Hispanic, 14.8% (95% CI: 13.9%-15.6%); and Hispanic, 13.8% (95% CI: 12.9%-14.6%). The age bracket 35 to 44 years had the highest percentage of injuries at 34.0% (95% CI: 33.1%-34.9%). Ages over 54 years reported smaller percentages of needlestick injuries than either all other injuries or employment. Occupations with greatest frequencies included registered nurses, nursing aides and orderlies, janitors and cleaners, licensed practical nurses, and maids and housemen. Occupations with greatest risks included biologic technicians, janitors and cleaners, and maids and housemen. Almost 20% (95% CI: 18.88%-20.49%) of needlesticks occurred outside the services industry. Seven percent (95% CI: 6.56%-7.53%) of needlesticks resulted in 31 or more days of work loss in contrast to 20.46% (95% CI: 20.44%-20.48%) of all other injuries. CONCLUSION In this nationally representative sample, the most frequent demographic and occupational categories were women; white, non-Hispanic; ages 35 to 44 years; and registered nurses.
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Shiao JSC, Lin MS, Shih TS, Jagger J, Chen CJ. National incidence of percutaneous injury in Taiwan healthcare workers. Res Nurs Health 2008; 31:172-9. [PMID: 18196578 DOI: 10.1002/nur.20240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We established a standardized surveillance system using the Chinese Exposure Prevention Information Network to estimate the frequency of percutaneous injuries (PCIs) in Taiwanese healthcare workers (HCWs). Fourteen hospitals employing 8,132 HCWs participated and a total of 583 PCIs were reported. The annual number was estimated to be 8,058 PCIs per hospital size, 8,100 per HCWs, and 8,286 per inpatient-day; indicating similar estimates using different denominators. The estimated annual frequency of pathogen-specific PCIs was 1,168 for hepatitis B, 1,263 for hepatitis C, and 59 for HIV. This study documents the annual incidence of PCI among HCWs showing important potential exposure to viral hepatitis and HIV in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith S C Shiao
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Alamgir H, Yu S. Epidemiology of occupational injury among cleaners in the healthcare sector. Occup Med (Lond) 2008; 58:393-9. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqn028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Although needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI) are known to affect professional nurses at high rates, most studies depend on officially reported data and few have been undertaken in Korea. Thus, we surveyed a large cross-section of nurses from a hospital in Gangneung (response rate, 97.9%). Four hundred thirty-two incidents of NSI were reported by 263 nurses (79.7%) in the previous 12-month period (average, 1.31 events/nurse/year). Syringe needles were the most common devices, affecting 67.3% and comprising 52% of all NSI events. Sixty percent of all NSI events involved contaminated devices. Opening an ampoule or vial was the most common cause (affecting 35.2% of all nurses and accounting for 15.9% of all NSI events). Logistic regression indicated that nurses working in "other" departments were 5.4 times more likely to suffer any NSI (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 2.0-15.2; P < .05) and 4.7 times more likely to incur a syringe-needle injury than nurses in intensive care units or inpatient departments (OR = 4.7; 95% CI = 2.0-11.6; P < .05). Younger-than-average nurses (< 27 years) were 4.5 times more likely to suffer NSI (OR = 4.5; 95% CI = 1.7-12.6; P < .05) and 3.1 times more likely to incur a syringe-needle injury (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.4-7.0; P < .05). Working mixed shifts also increased the risk of any NSI (OR = 4.0; 95% CI = 1.7-10.4; P < .05) or syringe-needle NSI (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 2.0-10.1; P < .05). Overall, our study suggests that NSI are common among Korean hospital nurses and represent a significant occupational burden for this large Asian demographic. Intervention and preventive strategies to help reduce their NSI exposures are urgently required in this country.
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Sohn JW, Kim BG, Kim SH, Han C. Mental health of healthcare workers who experience needlestick and sharps injuries. J Occup Health 2007; 48:474-9. [PMID: 17179640 DOI: 10.1539/joh.48.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed daily to the risk of injury by needlesticks and other medical instruments. However, the psychiatric impacts of such injuries have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health status of HCWs with experiences of needlestick and sharps injuries. A cross-sectional written survey was performed. The psychological symptoms before injury and current status were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The proportions of HCWs with and without needlestick and sharps injuries were 71.1% (n=263) and 28.9% (n=107), respectively. HAM-A and BDI scores were significantly higher among HCWs with injury experiences (p<0.01). HCWs with injury experiences exhibited higher PSS and BDI scores after the injury and higher levels of anxiety and depression. Particular attention should be directed towards the psychological consequences of needlestick and sharps injuries in HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Wook Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Korea
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Blenkharn JI. Potential compromise of hospital hygiene by clinical waste carts. J Hosp Infect 2006; 63:423-7. [PMID: 16759738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bulk waste storage carts are common in hospitals and undoubtedly assist in the day-to-day management of clinical wastes. They are used for the transport and interim storage of primary clinical waste containers and are often located close to or within hospital buildings to receive such wastes from clinical departments. Examination of a random selection of bulk clinical waste carts at nine acute hospitals across Greater London revealed external soiling in all of 23 carts. Eight of 13 carts were also soiled on the inner surfaces, with evidence of bloodstains and free fluids in the base of five carts. Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci were recovered in low numbers from the lids (N=7) and wheels (N=10) of carts and Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were recovered from the wheels of a further five carts. Two carts were heavily contaminated with Aspergillus spp. Pathogens originating from clinical wastes may be transferred from contaminated bulk waste carts to the wider hospital environment. It may be advisable to keep bulk carts outside clinical areas, and preferably outside all hospital buildings. This becomes particularly important in circumstances where carts supplied by contractors are not dedicated to a single hospital or National Health Service trust.
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Smith DR, Mihashi M, Adachi Y, Nakashima Y, Ishitake T. Epidemiology of needlestick and sharps injuries among nurses in a Japanese teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect 2006; 64:44-9. [PMID: 16835002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2006.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiology of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) was investigated among a complete cross-section of 1,162 nurses from a large hospital in southern Japan (response rate 74.0%). Forty-six percent had experienced an NSI in the previous year. Most were caused by ampoules or vials, which injured 32.3% of all nurses and accounted for 42.9% of all NSI events. Twenty-two percent of all NSIs involved a device that had been used on a patient prior to the NSI (contaminated device), while the usage status of a further 2.8% of devices was unknown. Logistic regression indicated that nurses younger than 25 years of age were 2.18 times more likely to have sustained a single NSI in the past 12 months [odds ratio (OR) 2.18, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.15-4.17] and 2.39 times more likely to have sustained multiple NSIs (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.08-5.34). Working mixed shifts (rotating day and night, as opposed to day shifts alone) was associated with a 1.67-fold increased risk of sustaining any NSI (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.01-2.85) and a 2.72 times greater risk of sustaining an NSI from a contaminated device (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.71-4.44). Nurses who reported significant fatigue after work were 1.87 times more likely to sustain multiple NSIs (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.13-3.13) and 1.94 times more likely not to report their NSIs (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.03-3.71). Perceived high mental pressure was associated with a 1.75-fold increased risk of sustaining an NSI from a contaminated device (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.07-2.88). Nurses who reported suboptimal staffing levels in their wards were 2.21 times more likely not to report any NSIs they sustained in the previous year (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.06-4.89). Overall, this study suggests that NSIs represent a complex and multi-faceted problem for Japanese nurses. Intervention strategies should consider the emerging complicity of psychosocial factors on NSI among hospital staff in Japan, as elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Smith
- Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Industrial Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
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Smith DR, Smyth W, Leggat PA, Wang RS. Needlestick and sharps injuries among nurses in a tropical Australian hospital. Int J Nurs Pract 2006; 12:71-7. [PMID: 16529593 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-172x.2006.00553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI) represent a major hazard in nursing practice, most studies rely on officially reported data and none have yet been undertaken in tropical environments. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional NSI survey targeting all nurses within a tropical Australian hospital, regardless of whether they had experienced an NSI or not. Our overall response rate was 76.7%. A total of 39 nurses reported 43 NSI events in the previous 12 months. The most common causative device was a normal syringe needle, followed by insulin syringe needles, i.v. needles or kits and blood collection needles. Half of the nurses' NSI events occurred beside the patient's bed: drawing up medication was the most common reason. Nurses working in the maternity/neonatal wards were only 0.3 times as likely to have experienced an NSI as their counterparts in the medical or surgical wards. Overall, our study has shown that NSI events represent an important workplace issue for tropical Australian nurses. Their actual rate might also be higher than official reports suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Smith
- Department of Hazard Assessment, National Institute of Industrial Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
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Canini SRMDS, Gir E, Machado AA. Accidents with potentially hazardous biological material among workers in hospital supporting services. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2005; 13:496-500. [PMID: 16211172 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-11692005000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Descriptive study was carried out to characterize the occupational accidents involving potentially contaminated material among workers of hospital supporting services. The study reviewed records of workers involved in these accidents and attended at a specialized outpatient clinic of a large tertiary care hospital between January 1997 and October 2001. A total of 2814 workers from different professional categories were attended during this period. Of these, 147 (5.2%) belonged to the hospital supporting services and were the victims of 156 accidents, auxiliary cleaning personnel (80.2%), and over a third of the workers had not received any dose of hepatitis B vaccine (35.4%). Most accidents were due to sharp injuries (96.8%) caused by inadequately discarded hollow needles. Chemoprophylaxis for HIV was not indicated in only 23.1% of cases. We conclude that these workers are also exposed to the possibility of acquiring blood-borne pathogens and that periodical education programs are needed.
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Abstract
The subject of "health services waste" is controversial and widely discussed. Biosafety, the principles of which include safeguarding occupational health, community health, and environmental safety, is directly involved in the issue of medical waste management. There are controversies as to the risks posed by medical waste, as evidenced by diverging opinions among authors: some advocate severe approaches on the basis that medical waste is hazardous, while others contend that the potential for infection from medical waste is nonexistent. The Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) has published resolution RDC 33/2003 to standardize medical waste management nationwide. There is an evident need to implement biosafety procedures in this area, including heath care workers' training and provision of information to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Posenato Garcia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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