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McCallum CJ, Stewart K, MacIntyre PD. The illness perceptions of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention compared to patients with no percutaneous intervention, for acute myocardial infarction, in cardiac rehabilitation. Coron Artery Dis 2023; 34:496-503. [PMID: 37799046 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients who receive percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been found to have low attendance at cardiac rehabilitation (CR). It has been suggested that this is because PCI patients have a benign perception of their coronary disease; however, this has never been quantitatively investigated. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the illness perceptions (IP) of patients with AMI treated with PCI. METHODS The Heart Health Illness Perception Questionnaire (modified version of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire) and the Cardiac Beliefs Questionnaire were used to assess patients' IP and cardiac disease misconceptions, respectively. Patients in phase 2 of CR were recruited from the Royal Alexandria Hospital, Paisley, UK. One hundred two patients were identified from the cardiac unit database over a 16-week period and sent questionnaires. RESULTS Fifty-six patients returned questionnaires suitable for analysis (54.9% response rate). There was a significant difference in the IP scores of the 3 groups [primary-PCI (pPCI) = 0.18 ± 1.44, elective-PCI = 5.27 ± 15.65, non-PCI = 9.94 ± 11.19; P = 0.046]. PCI patients had a significantly lower IP score than non-PCI patients (PCI = 1.62 ± 12.76, non-PCI = 9.94 ± 11.19; P = 0.027). pPCI patients had a significantly lower IP score than non-pPCI patients (pPCI = 0.18 ± 11.44, non-pPCI = 8.04 ± 13.11; P = 0.021). Of the PCI patients 22.9% agreed they were 'fixed for life' and a lower IP score was found to predict this opinion (P = 0.032). CONCLUSION PCI patients, particularly pPCI patients, perceive their coronary disease to be relatively benign. Further research is required to investigate if this predicts poor attendance at CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig J McCallum
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (current affiliation for Craig J McCallum)
| | - Katy Stewart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- Hampden Sports Clinic, Hampden Park, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (current affiliation for Katy Stewart)
| | - Paul D MacIntyre
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia (current affiliation for Paul D MacIntyre)
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Hastings-Truelove A, Ghahari S, Coderre-Ball A, Kessler D, Turnnidge J, Lester B, Auais M, Dalgarno N, DePaul V, Donnelly C, Finlayson M, Hopkins-Rosseel D, Kolomitro K, Norman K, Lawson TL, Stockley D, Van Wylick R, Woo K. Barriers and facilitators to older adults’ engagement in healthy aging initiatives. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yfantopoulos J, Protopapa M, Chantzaras A, Yfantopoulos P. Doctors' views and strategies to improve patients' adherence to medication. Hormones (Athens) 2021; 20:603-611. [PMID: 33914291 PMCID: PMC8082220 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Yfantopoulos
- MBA-Health, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 6 Themistokleous Str, Athens, Greece.
| | - Marianna Protopapa
- MBA-Health, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 6 Themistokleous Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Chantzaras
- MBA-Health, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 6 Themistokleous Str, Athens, Greece
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Factors that influence adherence to treatment plans amongst people living with cardiovascular disease: A review of published qualitative research studies. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 110:103727. [PMID: 32823026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment plan adherence is recognized as a worldwide health issue, particularly important in the management of cardiovascular patients. Healthcare professionals are the primary sources of information and support for people diagnosed with CVD and those who have experienced a cardiac event, yet we know little about how healthcare professionals contribute to the process of adherence to treatment plans that aim to prevent and/or reduce disease and adverse events. Qualitative evidence that explores factors that influence adherence to treatment plans is limited. OBJECTIVE This systematic review identified and synthesised the best available evidence on factors that influence adherence to treatment plans amongst people living with cardiovascular disease. DESIGN Systematic review and qualitative synthesis. METHODS Data were collected from Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase- Non-Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ProQuest Central (Grey Literature). Pre-defined keywords and MeSH terms were used to identify qualitative methods English-language studies published between 2001 and 2018. Quality appraisal of each paper was completed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist and two reviewers extracted the data independently. RESULTS Twenty-two articles were included. Eight key themes were identified that related to facilitators and barriers to adherence to treatment plans. Facilitators were identified as engaging in exercise, having support and mentorship, lifestyle modification, and the perceived value of taking medication. Barriers were identified as a perceived lack of support, concerns about taking medication, and lack of engagement in exercise and lifestyle changes. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the factors that support adherence and healthcare professionals can build on also the areas that can be targeted to support and improve adherence to treatment plans. Nurses can play an important role in enhancing the provision of information pre hospital discharge and support in the community on taking medication, the value of physical activity and dietary changes.
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Rouleau CR, King-Shier KM, Tomfohr-Madsen LM, Aggarwal SG, Arena R, Campbell TS. A qualitative study exploring factors that influence enrollment in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 40:469-478. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1261417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Codie R. Rouleau
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathryn M. King-Shier
- Faculty of Nursing and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Sandeep G. Aggarwal
- Total Cardiology Rehabilitation, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tavis S. Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Nadarajah SR, Buchholz SW, Wiegand DL, Berger A. The lived experience of individuals in cardiac rehabilitation who have a positive outlook on their cardiac recovery: A phenomenological inquiry. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2016; 16:230-239. [DOI: 10.1177/1474515116651977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan W Buchholz
- Adult Health and Gerontological Nursing, Rush University College of Nursing, USA
| | - Debra L Wiegand
- Department of Organizational Systems and Adult Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ann Berger
- Pain and Palliative Care, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, USA
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8
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Cooper AF, Jackson G, Weinman J, Horne R. A qualitative study investigating patients' beliefs about cardiac rehabilitation. Clin Rehabil 2016; 19:87-96. [PMID: 15704513 DOI: 10.1191/0269215505cr818oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: The opportunity to attend a cardiac rehabilitation course is usually offered to patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction. However, despite referral, many patients fail to attend. Objective: To elicit patients' beliefs about the role of the cardiac rehabilitation course following myocardial infarction. Design: Qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Setting: London Teaching Hospital. Subjects: Thirteen patients were interviewed after discharge from hospital following myocardial infarction, but prior to attendance at cardiac rehabilitation. Main outcome measures: Patients' beliefs about cardiac rehabilitation that may act as barriers to attendance. Results: Themes identified included: the content of cardiac rehabilitation, perceptions of exercise, benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, explicit barriers to attendance and cardiac knowledge. Whilst some patients viewed cardiac rehabilitation as an important and necessary part of recovery others expressed doubt that it was appropriate for them. Some patients were uncertain of the course content and misunderstood the role of exercise and its perceived effects. Misconceptions with regard to cardiac knowledge were also apparent. The combination of erroneous beliefs about cardiac rehabilitation and cardiac misconceptions seemed to result in doubts regarding attendance. Conclusions: Prior to course attendance some patients hold erroneous beliefs about the course content, especially the exercise component. Co-existent cardiac misconceptions are also apparent. Further research is needed to clarify the extent to which these beliefs may contribute to the decision not to attend cardiac rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Cooper
- Cardiothoracic Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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Neubeck L, Freedman SB, Clark AM, Briffa T, Bauman A, Redfern J. Participating in cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative data. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012; 19:494-503. [PMID: 22779092 DOI: 10.1177/1741826711409326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) benefits patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), yet worldwide only some 15–30% of those eligible attend. To improve understanding of the reasons for poor participation we undertook a systematic review and meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature. METHODS Qualitative studies identifying patient barriers and enablers to attendance at CR were identified by searching multiple electronic databases, reference lists, relevant conference lists, grey literature, and keyword searching of the Internet (1990–2010). Studies were selected if they included patients with CHD and reviewed experience or understanding about CR. Meta-synthesis was used to review the papers and to synthesize the data. RESULTS From 1165 papers, 34 unique studies were included after screening. These included 1213 patients from eight countries. Study methodology included interviews (n = 25), focus groups (n = 5), and mixed-methods (n = 4). Key reasons for not attending CR were physical barriers, such as lack of transport, or financial cost, and personal barriers, such as embarrassment about participation, or misunderstanding the reasons for onset of CHD or the purpose of CR. CONCLUSIONS There is a vast amount of qualitative research which investigates patients’ reasons for non-attendance at CR. Key issues include system-level and patient-level barriers, which are potentially modifiable. Future research would best be directed at investigating strategies to overcome these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lis Neubeck
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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10
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What sustains long-term adherence to structured physical activity after a cardiac event? J Aging Phys Act 2011; 20:135-47. [PMID: 21949242 DOI: 10.1123/japa.20.2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research addressing methods to sustain long-term adherence to physical activity among older adults is needed. This study investigated the motivations and supports deemed necessary to adhere to a community-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR) program by individuals with established coronary heart disease. METHODS Twenty-four long-term adherers (15 men, 9 women; age 67.7 ± 16.7 yr) took part in focus-group discussions. RESULTS Constant comparative analysis supported previous research in terms of the importance of referral procedures, social support, and knowledge of health benefits in influencing uptake and adherence to CBCR. Results also highlighted the routine of a structured class and task-, barrier-, and recovery-specific self-efficacy as necessary to sustain long-term adherence for this specific clinical group. DISCUSSION Older adults themselves provide rich information on how to successfully support their long-term adherence to structured exercise sessions. Further research into how to build these components into any exercise program is necessary.
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11
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Nabolsi MM, Carson AM. Spirituality, illness and personal responsibility: the experience of Jordanian Muslim men with coronary artery disease. Scand J Caring Sci 2011; 25:716-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mccorry NK, Corrigan M, Tully MA, Dempster M, Downey B, Cupples ME. Perceptions of exercise among people who have not attended cardiac rehabilitation following myocardial infarction. J Health Psychol 2009; 14:924-32. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105309341144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptions of exercise among nonattenders of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) were explored using semi-structured interviews. Analysis indicated that participants did not recognize the cardiovascular benefits of exercise, and perceived keeping active through daily activities as sufficient for health. Health professionals were perceived to downplay the importance of exercise and CR, and medication was viewed as being more important than exercise for promoting health. The content of CR programmes and the benefits of exercise need to be further explained to patients post-MI, and in a manner that communicates to patients that these programmes are valued by significant others, particularly health professionals.
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Pullen SA, Povey RC, Grogan SC. Deciding to attend cardiac rehabilitation: A female perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2009. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2009.16.4.41194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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O'Connor K, Janelle C, Coutu MF, Rouleau A, Lessard MJ, Kirouac C, Marchand A, Dupuis G, Turgeon L, Bélanger MP. `I'm Cured But….'. J Health Psychol 2009; 14:278-87. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105308100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current qualitative research studied representations of illness posttreatment from a heart transplant group, a panic disorder group, and a tic disorder group. All three groups were preoccupied with perceptions about the impact of the illness, perception of self and the perception of how others view the ill person. The heart transplant group seem to adopt an active style of coping compared to the panic disorder group who presented a more passive, anticipatory mode of coping, and the tic group who were preoccupied with control over the perceptions of others. This qualitative information could help optimize adaptation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Janelle
- University of Quebec at Montreal, Canada
| | | | - A. Rouleau
- Fernand-Seguin Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - C. Kirouac
- Fernand-Seguin Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - G. Dupuis
- University of Quebec at Montreal, Canada
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Everett B, Salamonson Y, Zecchin R, Davidson PM. Reframing the dilemma of poor attendance at cardiac rehabilitation: an exploration of ambivalence and the decisional balance. J Clin Nurs 2009; 18:1842-9. [PMID: 19220609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To discuss the problem of poor attendance at cardiac rehabilitation from the alternative perspective of patient ambivalence. BACKGROUND Evidence supports the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation as a means for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, yet current literature continues to document poor attendance at these programmes. Whilst extrinsic factors, such as transportation and lack of physician support have been identified as barriers, patients who choose not to attend these programmes are often described as lacking motivation or being non-compliant. However, it is possible that non-attendance is the result of ambivalence - the experience of simultaneously wanting to and yet not wanting to, or the 'I want to, but I don't want to' dilemma. DESIGN Discussion paper. METHOD This discussion paper draws on the literature of ambivalence and decision-making theory to reframe the issue of poor attendance at cardiac rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS This paper has demonstrated that the problem of poor attendance may be explained from the perspective of patient ambivalence and that using strategies such as the decisional balance may assist these individuals in exploring their ambivalence to engage in secondary prevention programmes. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Understanding the dynamics of ambivalence provides an alternative to thinking of patients as lacking motivation, being non-compliant, or even resistant. Helping patients to explore and resolve their ambivalence may be all that is needed to help them make a decision and move forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn Everett
- School of Nursing, University of Western Sydney, Bankstown Campus, Building 3, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC 1797, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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16
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Allison M, Campbell C. “Maybe It Could Be a Heart Attack . . . But I'm Only 31”: Young Men's Lived Experience of Myocardial Infarction—An Exploratory Study. Am J Mens Health 2007; 3:116-25. [DOI: 10.1177/1557988307308519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the lived experience of myocardial infarction (MI) in younger men. Seven men, aged between 32 and 58, all of whom had suffered MI within the previous 12 months, were interviewed. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed four main themes. The themes were “disillusionment with life,” “tension and stress,” “keeping up appearances,” and “invincibility.” Collectively the four themes reflected the complexities, subtleties, and consensus of the experiences of these younger men who have survived MI. This study reveals that the individuals within the authors' sample appear to allude to the ideal or hegemonic form of masculine identity. Utilization of a qualitative approach with this younger male sample has enabled the authors to elicit the defining features of their experience as identified by themselves. Implications for these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Allison
- School of Social Sciences and Law, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, UK,
| | - Carol Campbell
- School of Social Sciences and Law, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, UK
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French DP, Cooper A, Weinman J. Illness perceptions predict attendance at cardiac rehabilitation following acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2006; 61:757-67. [PMID: 17141663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2005] [Revised: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early reports indicated that the illness perceptions of patients following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) predict attendance at cardiac rehabilitation. However, null findings have subsequently been reported, and there is variation between studies in terms of which illness perception constructs predict attendance. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine whether illness perceptions really predict attendance at cardiac rehabilitation and to examine factors that moderate this relationship. METHODS The strategy and procedures recommended by Hunter and Schmidt [Hunter JE, Schmidt FL. Methods of meta-analysis: correcting error and bias in research findings. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage, 2004] were followed. Based on a systematic literature search, eight studies (N=906 patients) that examined the relationship between illness perceptions and attendance at cardiac rehabilitation were included. RESULTS Four illness perception constructs significantly predicted attendance at cardiac rehabilitation: patients with more positive identity (r=.123), cure/control (r=.111), consequences (r=.081), and coherence (r=-.160) beliefs were more likely to attend cardiac rehabilitation. For all relationships, except that between cure/control beliefs and rehabilitation attendance, there was significant heterogeneity, which was attributable to two studies: one that assessed illness perceptions after leaving the hospital yielded higher effect size estimates, whereas another that involved an intervention yielded effect size estimates in the direction opposite to those of most other studies. The exclusion of these studies resulted in largely unchanged, but homogeneous, effect size estimates. CONCLUSION Illness perceptions of AMI patients predict attendance at cardiac rehabilitation, although the effect sizes are small and often heterogeneous. AMI patients who view their condition as controllable, as symptomatic, and with severe consequences, and who feel that they understand their condition are more likely to attend.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P French
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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18
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Mitoff PR, Wesolowski M, Abramson BL, Grace SL. Patient-Provider Communication Regarding Referral to Cardiac Rehabilitation. Rehabil Nurs 2005; 30:140-6. [PMID: 15999858 DOI: 10.1002/j.2048-7940.2005.tb00097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the dynamics of patient-provider communication in the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) referral process, to identify which aspects lead to CR participation. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 31 patients eligible for CR. Questions probed the content and perception of the discussion that patients had with healthcare providers (HCP) regarding CR attendance. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and imported into N6 software for grounded analyses. Key emerging themes were identified: illness perceptions; HCP encouragement; timing of discussion; and ease of referral. CR attenders were apt to self-advocate to ensure their enrollment in CR, whereas nonattenders were more likely to minimize the seriousness of their disease, and less likely to persevere to overcome obstacles in enrolling in a CR program. Surprisingly, the strength of the HCP referral did not influence the decision to attend CR as strongly when compared to the HCP's ability to facilitate enrollment in a CR program.
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Daniel E, Kent G, Binney V, Pagdin J. Trying to do my best as a mother: decision-making in families of children undergoing elective surgical treatment for short stature. Br J Health Psychol 2005; 10:101-14. [PMID: 15826337 DOI: 10.1348/135910704x14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore how families make decisions about elective leg-lengthening surgical treatment. DESIGN Interviews were conducted and analysed using Interpretative Phenomeno logical Analysis (Smith, 1995). METHODS Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews with nine mothers of children who had recently decided to undergo treatment. RESULTS Overall, the decision process was guided by the mothers' central concern to act responsibly as a parent. Thematic analysis indicated that the decision was taken in a social context where short stature could lead to discrimination and disability. The decision-making process evolved gradually over several years as mothers and children gathered information about treatment. While mothers emphasized that ultimately it was their child's decision, they monitored the decision process and filtered the information available in an attempt to ensure that the child made a well-informed and wise choice. CONCLUSIONS The decision was presented as an ongoing process by the mothers, their concerns representing their desire to do their best as parents for their children. Theoretically, the mothers' description of the process can be understood in terms of their attempts to resolve an ethical dilemma. Clinical implications include recognition of the role of the psychologist in supporting mothers in their decision making and thus indirectly helping children.
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Gassner LA, Dunn S, Piller N. Patients’ interpretation of the symptoms of myocardial infarction: implications for cardiac rehabilitation. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2002; 18:342-54. [PMID: 12526872 DOI: 10.1016/s0964-3397(02)00072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that patients' models of illness are likely to be different from those of health professionals and that these beliefs may be more important than medical factors in directing the recovery process. Beliefs about myocardial infarction may influence coping with the illness, expectations for recovery, patients' reactions to subsequent cardiac events, morbidity and compliance rates and attendance at rehabilitation courses. This qualitative study explores patients' interpretation of the symptoms of myocardial infarction and their personal theories about the illness. Data collection was undertaken in a coronary care unit, using semi-structured interviews with 50 patients. Ethnographic content analysis was used to develop an insightful description of commonalties in the data. Major categories from the data included: providing a historical context, the metaphor of a heart attack, labelling of symptoms and making sense of the illness experience. Interventions to increase participation in rehabilitation programmes need to take into consideration patients' theories about their illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Anne Gassner
- Department of Nursing Education and Research, Flinders Medical Center, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
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