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Lucas IT, Bazin D, Daudon M. Raman opportunities in the field of pathological calcifications. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Analysis on Microbial Profiles & Components of Bile in Patients with Recurrent CBD Stones after Endoscopic CBD Stone Removal: A Preliminary Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153303. [PMID: 34362087 PMCID: PMC8347313 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Common bile duct (CBD) stone recurrence after endoscopic treatment is a major concern as a late complication. Biliary bacterial factors and biochemical factors determine the path of gallstone formation. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the microbial profile and components of bile in patients with and without recurrent CBD stones after endoscopic CBD stone removal. Methods: Among patients who had undergone an initial endoscopic procedure for the removal of CBD stones and were followed up for >2 years, 11 patients who experienced at least two CBD stone recurrences, six months after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), were categorized into the recurrence group. Nine patients without CBD recurrence events were matched. Results: Polymicrobial infections are generally seen in all patients who have biliary sphincteroplasty. Microbial richness, measured by the numbers of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), was reduced in the recurrence group. The microbial evenness was also significantly lower than in the non-recurrence group. The overall microbial communities in the recurrence group deviated from the non-recurrence group. Infection with bacteria exhibiting β-glucuronidase activity was more frequent in the recurrence group, but there was no statistical significance. In an analysis of the bile components, the bile acid concentration was higher in the non-recurrence group than in the recurrence group. However, the other metabolites were not significantly different. Conclusions: Microbiota dysbiosis and altered bacterial community assembly in bile duct and decreased bile acid in bile juice were associated with recurrence of bile duct stone.
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The imbalance of biliary microflora in hepatolithiasis. Microb Pathog 2021; 157:104966. [PMID: 34023439 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The imbalance of microbial flora is thought to be associated with many diseases. However, the characteristics of the biliary microflora and its relation to in hepatolithiasis are unknown. METHODS This study included 40 patients with hepatolithiasis and 10 control patients. Bile samples were taken during hepatectomy surgeries and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. The sequencing results were analyzed by operational taxonomic unit (OTU) clustering, species annotation and abundance analyses, sample complexity analyses, diversity analyses, and environmental factor correlation analyses. RESULTS There were significant differences in bile microflora between the hepatolithiasis group and the control group. We found that the abundance of microflora in the bile of patients with hepatolithiasis was relatively high (52.4% versus 40.2% and 42.1% versus 29.6%). The diversity of microflora in the bile of patients with hepatolithiasis decreased significantly (Shannon (P = 0.004), Observed species (P = 0.001), PD-whole-tree (P = 0.001)). These differences are mainly associated with Enterococcus(P<0.001), Enterobacter(P = 0.003). In addition, we found that there were intra-group differences in hepatolithiasis, but the differences in the hepatolithiasis group were generally smaller than the differences in the non-hepatolithiasis group. CONCLUSION There is an imbalance of microflora in the bile duct of patients with hepatolithiasis. The imbalance of biliary flora may be associated with hepatolithiasis pathogenesis.
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Wu J, Chao Y, Kankala RK, Lee C, Liu C, Hu Y. Gallstone formation analysis using the particle appearance, the particle binding to calcium ions, and the cholesterol nucleation with time in supersaturated taurocholate–lecithin–calcium ion solutions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhih‐Ru Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science National Dong–Hwa University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Liang Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science National Dong–Hwa University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science National Dong–Hwa University Hualien Taiwan
- College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen China
| | - Chia‐Hung Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science National Dong–Hwa University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Chen‐Lun Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science National Dong–Hwa University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Fang Hu
- Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery Division TTY Biopharm Company Limited Taipei Taiwan
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Abstract
Gallstone disease is caused by multiple pathogenic factors and is common worldwide. Most studies have focused on the significance of the biliary microbiome in gallstone pathogenesis. Areas covered: In this study, the epidemiology of gallstone diseases and the existence, composition, origin, and mechanisms of the biliary microbiota were reviewed. Mechanisms involved in promoting the formation of different types of gallstones were also emphasized. The antibiotic susceptibility of the biliary microbiota is briefly discussed because it may guide clinical strategies. Expert commentary: The biliary microbiome facilitates the formation of brown pigment stones. Although glycoprotein (mucin) may be pivotal for many promoting substances to coagulate and integrate relevant components, new mechanisms involving prostaglandins, oxysterols, oxygen free radicals, and lipopolysaccharides have been discovered. Furthermore, specific bacterial species such as Helicobacter and Salmonella are involved in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. Recently, metabolomics of the biliary microbiome has been used to determine the detailed mechanisms that promote gallstone formation. Previously, the bacterial effects involved in the pathogenesis of brown pigment stones have not been analyzed in detail. Whether the administration of antibiotics is related to prophylaxis for gallstone formation and gallstone-associated infections remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi , China.,b Joint Programme of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London , Nanchang , China
| | - Miao Qi
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi , China.,b Joint Programme of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London , Nanchang , China
| | - Cheng Qin
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi , China.,b Joint Programme of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London , Nanchang , China
| | - Junbo Hong
- a Department of Gastroenterology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi , China
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Tajeddin E, Sherafat SJ, Majidi MRS, Alebouyeh M, Alizadeh AHM, Zali MR. Association of diverse bacterial communities in human bile samples with biliary tract disorders: a survey using culture and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis methods. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1331-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Peng Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Nie Y, Xu P, Xia B, Tian F, Sun Q. Cholesterol gallstones and bile host diverse bacterial communities with potential to promote the formation of gallstones. Microb Pathog 2015; 83-84:57-63. [PMID: 25959528 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of cholesterol gallstones has increased in recent years. Bacterial infection correlates with the formation of gallstones. We studied the composition and function of bacterial communities in cholesterol gallstones and bile from 22 cholesterol gallstone patients using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Altogether fourteen and eight bacterial genera were detected in cholesterol gallstones and bile, respectively. Pseudomonas spp. were the dominant bacteria in both cholesterol gallstones and bile. As judged by diversity indices, hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis, the bacterial communities in gallstones were different from those in bile. The gallstone microbiome was considered more stable than that of bile. The different microbial communities may be partially explained by differences in their habitats. We found that 30% of the culturable strains from cholesterol gallstones secreted β-glucuronidase and phospholipase A2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains showed the highest β-glucuronidase activity and produced the highest concentration of phospholipase A2, indicating that Ps. aeruginosa may be a major agent in the formation of cholesterol gallstones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Yongkang Liu
- The 452nd Hospital of PLA, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, PR China
| | - Yuanyang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Peilun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Baixue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Fuzhou Tian
- Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, PR China
| | - Qun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Bio-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
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Chan TF, Wu CH, Chiu HF, Yang CY. Parity and risk of death from gallbladder cancer among a cohort of premenopausal parous women in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:1864-73. [PMID: 25664696 PMCID: PMC4344698 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120201864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Little epidemiologic research has been done on the etiology of gallbladder cancer (GC). This cohort study was undertaken to examine whether there is an association between parity and risk of death from GC. The study cohort consisted of 1,292,462 women who had a first and singleton childbirth between 1 January 1978 and 31 December 1987. We tracked each woman from the time of their first childbirth to 31 December 2009, and their vital status was ascertained by linking records with the computerized mortality database. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) of death from GC associated with parity. There were 257 GC deaths during 34,980,246 person-years of follow-up. The mortality rate of GC was 0.73 cases per 100,000 person-years. As compared with women who had given birth to only one child, the adjusted HR was 1.20 (95% CI = 0.79–1.83) for women who had two children, 1.47 (95% CI = 0.95–2.29) for women who had three children, and 1.68 (95% CI = 0.99–2.85) for women with four or more births. There was a significant increasing trend in the adjusted HRs for GC with increasing parity. The findings suggested that premenopausal women of higher parity may increase the risk of death from GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Fu Chan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih Chuan 1st RD, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Shih‑Chuan 1st RD, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, No.123, DA-PI Rd. Niaosng Dist., Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, No.123, DA-PI Rd. Niaosng Dist., Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Fen Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih Chuan 1st RD, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih Chuan 1st RD, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institute, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan.
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Urease Positive and Slime Producing Bacterial Activity: Results in Gallstone Precipitation and Solidification. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.17090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Moazeni Bistgani M, Imani R. Bacteria isolated from patients with cholelithiasis and their antibacterial susceptibility pattern. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:759-61. [PMID: 24578851 PMCID: PMC3918208 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.3883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moazeni Bistgani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Shahrekord, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohammad Moazeni Bistgani, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9131812974, Fax: +98-3812224492, E-mail:
| | - Reza Imani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran
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Andreotti G, Hou L, Gao YT, Brinton LA, Rashid A, Chen J, Shen MC, Wang BS, Han TQ, Zhang BH, Sakoda LC, Fraumeni JF, Hsing AW. Reproductive factors and risks of biliary tract cancers and stones: a population-based study in Shanghai, China. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1185-9. [PMID: 20216539 PMCID: PMC2853091 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parity has been linked to gallbladder cancer and gallstones, but the effects of other reproductive factors are less clear. METHODS We examined 361 incident biliary tract cancer cases, 647 biliary stone cases, and 586 healthy women in a population-based study in Shanghai. RESULTS The effects of parity (odds ratios, OR(> or =3 vs 1 child)=2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-5.1), younger age at first birth (OR(per 1-year decrease)=1.2, 95% CI 0.99-1.6), and older age at menarche (OR(per 1-year increase)=1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8) on gallbladder cancer risk were more pronounced among women with stones, but the interactions were not significant. CONCLUSION Our results provide support for high parity, younger age at first birth, and late age at menarche in the development of gallbladder cancer, particularly among women with biliary stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andreotti
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Pavithra S, Rao U, Mohan P, Venkataraman J. Bactibilia in pigment gallstone disease: A report from the Indian subcontinent. Dig Liver Dis 2010; 42:231-2. [PMID: 19608467 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2009.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Krafft C, Steiner G, Beleites C, Salzer R. Disease recognition by infrared and Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2009; 2:13-28. [PMID: 19343682 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.200810024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy are emerging biophotonic tools to recognize various diseases. The current review gives an overview of the experimental techniques, data-classification algorithms and applications to assess soft tissues, hard tissues and body fluids. The methodology section presents the principles to combine vibrational spectroscopy with microscopy, lateral information and fiber-optic probes. A crucial step is the classification of spectral data by a variety of algorithms. We discuss unsupervised algorithms such as cluster analysis or principal component analysis and supervised algorithms such as linear discriminant analysis, soft independent modeling of class analogies, artificial neural networks support vector machines, Bayesian classification, partial least-squares regression and ensemble methods. The selected topics include tumors of epithelial tissue, brain tumors, prion diseases, bone diseases, atherosclerosis, kidney stones and gallstones, skin tumors, diabetes and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Krafft
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Maurer KJ, Carey MC, Fox JG. Roles of infection, inflammation, and the immune system in cholesterol gallstone formation. Gastroenterology 2009; 136:425-40. [PMID: 19109959 PMCID: PMC2774219 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol gallstone formation is a complex process mediated by genetic and environmental factors. Until recently, the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones was not considered a valid topic of research interest. This review collates and interprets an extensive body of basic literature, some of which is not customarily considered to be related to cholelithogenesis, describing the multiple facets of the immune system that appear to be involved in cholesterol cholelithogenesis. A thorough understanding of the immune interactions with biliary lipids and cholecystocytes should modify current views of the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones, promote further research on the pathways involved, and lead to novel diagnostic tools, treatments, and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk J. Maurer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Martin C. Carey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder are uncommon, aggressive tumors with poor survival. This review summarizes advances in understanding the biology of gallbladder cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Published response rates of adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder to chemotherapy are less than 30% and no survival benefit has been demonstrated from palliative systemic therapy. New information on the molecular carcinogenic mechanisms of these malignancies, combined with findings from animal models, may lead to improved treatment for patients. SUMMARY Improved understanding of the molecular carcinogenesis of adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder, coupled with the availability of novel molecularly 'targeted' chemotherapeutic agents, may improve outcome for patients.
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Jin JZ, Wu SD, Su Y, Zhang ZH, Zhang LK, Kong J. Influence of duodenal-biliary reflux on formation of bile duct pigment gallstone. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:727-730. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i7.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the possible action and mechanism of duodenal-biliary reflux in the pathogenesis of bile duct pigment gallstone.
METHODS: Forty-eight patients were divided into three groups: polyp of gallbladder (PG, n = 10), cholecystolithiasis (CH, n = 27) and calculus of bile duct (CBD, n = 11). Bile samples were collected during operation for bacterial culture and endotoxin examination. Forty-one patients received T tube drainage after cholecystectomy and choledochotomy were divided into reflux (n = 16) and non-reflux group (n = 25) according to radionuclide examination. The activity of biliary amylase, lipase and β-glucuronidase were detected in 26 of the 41 patients.
RESULTS: The positive rate of bacterial culture was 0% in PG group, 0% in CH group and 81.8% in CBD group, and the level of endotoxin in bile was (0.003 ± 0.004) × 10-6, (0.01 ± 0.02) × 10-6, and (10.12 ± 4.49) × 10-6 EU/L the above corresponding group, respectively. Compared with those in the former two groups, the positive rate and endotoxin level were higher in the latter CBD group (P < 0.01). Sixteen patients showed duodenal-biliary reflux (39.02%) among 41 patients. The activities of biliary amylase, lipase and exogenous β-glucuronidase in reflux group was significantly higher than those in non-reflux group (amylase: 79 891 ± 91 152 nkat/L vs 582 ± 928 nkat/L, P < 0.01; lipase: 86 110 ± 58 255 nkat/L vs 6 124 ± 7 500 nkat/L, P < 0.01; β-glucuronidase: 27 789 ± 13 849 nkat/L vs 15 369 ± 7 533 nkat/L, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Duodenal-biliary reflux can promote the formation of pigment gallstone through bacteria, endotoxin, amylase, lipase and exogenous β-glucuronidase.
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