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Chávez-Delgado EL, Gastélum-Estrada A, Pérez-Carrillo E, Ramos-Parra PA, Estarrón-Espinosa M, Reza-Zaldívar EE, Hernández-Brenes C, Mora-Godínez S, de Los Santos BE, Guerrero-Analco JA, Monribot-Villanueva JL, Orozco-Sánchez NE, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Bioactive properties of spearmint, orange peel, and baby sage oleoresins obtained by supercritical CO 2 extraction and their integration into dark chocolate. Food Chem 2024; 463:141306. [PMID: 39303416 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential health benefits of spearmint, orange peel, and baby sage oleoresins extracted using supercritical CO2 and subsequently emulsified. The oleoresins were incorporated into dark chocolate, and their impact on physicochemical properties was evaluated. Characterization revealed rich sources of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and volatile compounds in these oleoresins. In vitro studies demonstrated anti-obesogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties of the emulsified oleoresins. However, only physicochemical properties were determined for the formulations of dark chocolate with these emulsified oleoresins. Chocolate formulations fortified with these emulsions displayed a softer texture, lower water activity, and solid-like behavior. The findings suggest that these oleoresins could serve as nutraceutical agents for mitigating metabolic syndrome and associated pathologies. Incorporating them into chocolate matrices offers a practical approach to formulating functional foods. Further research is warranted to explore the preventive and therapeutic efficacy in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Lorena Chávez-Delgado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Gastélum-Estrada
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Esther Pérez-Carrillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Perla Azucena Ramos-Parra
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa
- Food Techology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad Zapopan, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
| | - Edwin Estefan Reza-Zaldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Shirley Mora-Godínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Estefanía de Los Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Guerrero-Analco
- Red de estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Juan Luis Monribot-Villanueva
- Red de estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Clúster BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Daniel A Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Hernández-Rangel AE, Cabrera-Licona A, Hernandez-Fuentes GA, Beas-Guzmán OF, Martínez-Martínez FJ, Alcalá-Pérez MA, Montes-Galindo DA, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Martinez-Fierro ML, Casarez-Price JC, De-Leon-Zaragoza L, Garza-Veloz I, Delgado-Enciso I. Ethanolic Extract of Salvia officinalis Leaves Affects Viability, Survival, Migration, and the Formation and Growth of 3D Cultures of the Tumourigenic Murine HPV-16+-Related Cancer Cell Line. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1804. [PMID: 39200268 PMCID: PMC11351782 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Salvia officinalis (SO) is one of the most widely used plants in traditional medicine worldwide. In the present study, the effect of an ethanolic extract of S. officinalis leaves on hallmarks of cancer of HPV-16-positive cancer tumorigenic cells, TC-1, was analyzed in vitro. Phytochemical and spectroscopic analysis were performed. Additionally, the extract's flavonoid content, reducing iron, and antioxidant capacity were determined. In regard to the in vitro tests, the cytotoxic activity and its effect on the replicative capacity and on the cell migration of TC-1 cells were analyzed by viability and clonogenic, survival, and wound healing assays. The effect of a pre-treatment or treatment on 3D culture formation, growth, and reversion capacity was also examined. The results of the phytochemical analysis allowed the detection of tannins, saponins, steroids, and flavonoids. The flavonoids content was found to be 153.40 ± 10.68 µg/mg of extract. Additionally, the extract exhibited an antioxidant capacity and a ferric-reducing capacity of around 40% compared to the ascorbic acid. Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) analysis and spectroscopic tests showed the presence of compounds similar to quercetin and catechin flavonoids in the extract. In the in vitro assays, the SO extract induced in a concentration-dependent way changes in cell morphology, the decrease of cell viability, survival, and migration. At a concentration of 125 µg/mL, the extract inhibited spheroid formation, reduced their growth, and affected their reversion to 2D. Ethanolic extract of S. officinalis leaves had inhibitory effects on hallmarks of the cancer line HPV-16+. This suggests that the phytochemicals present in it may be a source of chemotherapeutics against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariana Cabrera-Licona
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
| | | | - Oscar F. Beas-Guzmán
- School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico; (A.E.H.-R.); (G.A.H.-F.); (O.F.B.-G.)
| | | | - Mario A. Alcalá-Pérez
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (M.L.M.-F.); (I.G.-V.)
| | - Daniel A. Montes-Galindo
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Coquimatlan 28400, Mexico;
| | - Iram P. Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Molecular and Structural Physiology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza 66455, Mexico;
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (M.L.M.-F.); (I.G.-V.)
| | - Juan C. Casarez-Price
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
| | - Luis De-Leon-Zaragoza
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (M.L.M.-F.); (I.G.-V.)
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico; (A.E.H.-R.); (G.A.H.-F.); (O.F.B.-G.)
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico; (A.C.-L.); (M.A.A.-P.); (D.A.M.-G.); (J.C.C.-P.); (L.D.-L.-Z.)
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Alsherif DA, Hussein MA, Abuelkasem SS. Salvia officinalis Improves Glycemia and Suppresses Pro-inflammatory Features in Obese Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:623-636. [PMID: 37581324 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230811104740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is regarded as the main cause of metabolic diseases and a core factor for all-cause mortality in the general population, notably from cardiovascular disease. The majority of people with type 2 diabetes have obesity and insulin resistance. Some evidence indicates that an individual with obesity is approximately 10 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than someone with moderate body weight. One of the most significant therapeutic herbs, Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) (SAGE), possesses potent medicinal importance. The aim of this article was to evaluate the anti-diabetic and antiobesity activity of SAGEAE against HFD-induced obesity in rats. METHODS Thirty adult albino rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: control, High-fat Diet (HFD) administrated rats, HFD + Salvia officinalis Aqueous Extract (SAGEAE) (150 mg/kg.bw.), HFD + SAGEAE (300 mg/kg.bw.) and HFD + metformin (500 mg/kg.bw.). Body weight, plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory indicators, hepatic Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), Glucokinase (GK), brain Leptin Receptor (LepRb), Glucose Transporter-4 (GLUT4), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and mRNA33-5P gene signalling mRNA levels were all assessed after 8 weeks. A histological examination of the liver was also performed to check for lipid accumulation. RESULTS The administration of HFD resulted in increased body weight, glucose, insulin, leptin, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), Thiobarbaturic Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP1), Interleukine-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) as well as hepatic PCK1, brain LepRb and adipose tissue mRNA33-5P gene expression. However, our findings revealed a significant reduction in adiponectin, High-density Lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C), reduced glutathione (GSH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels as well as the expression of hepatic GK and adipose tissue SIRT1 and GLUT4 genes. Also, administration of SAGEAE significantly normalized body weight, glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, TC, TG, HDL-C, TBARs, SOD, IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α in plasma and liver tissue of HFD-treated rats. On the other hand, PCK1, GK, LepRb, SIRT1, GLUT4 and mRNA33-5P gene expression was enhanced in obese rats when administrated with SAGEAE. Histological and US studies support the biochemical, PCR and electrophoretic results. CONCLUSION The findings imply that SAGEAE could be used as a new pharmaceutical formula in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Alsherif
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, October 6th University, October 6th City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, October 6th University, October 6th City, Egypt
| | - Suzan S Abuelkasem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, October 6th University, October 6th City, Egypt
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Maggini V, Bertazza G, Gallo E, Mascherini V, Calvi L, Marra C, Michelucci F, Liberati C, Trassi A, Baraldi R, Firenzuoli F. The Different Phytochemical Profiles of Salvia officinalis Dietary Supplements Labelled for Menopause Symptoms. Molecules 2023; 29:94. [PMID: 38202677 PMCID: PMC10779573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical screening of four commercial products containing Salvia officinalis was carried out. Total phenolic content was estimated spectrophotometrically through the use of the Folin-Ciocalteau method, flavonoid content was measured through the use of aluminum chloride and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine colorimetric assays, and isoflavones and α/β-thujones were analyzed through the use of high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and the gas chromatographic method. The analyses revealed the absence of thujones and isoflavones (i.e., genistin, genistein, and daidzein) in all four different extracts. The content of polyphenolic compounds varied among the samples, with the extract T being richer in both polyphenols and flavonoids than the other products by 1.8-3.2 and 1.4-4.0 times, respectively (p-value < 0.05). These results highlight the importance of quality control in salvia-based products since a thujone-free extract rich in polyphenols and flavonoids could be a good candidate for further preclinical and clinical studies to identify an effective herbal approach suitable for the long-term therapy of menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Maggini
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine—CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Gianpaolo Bertazza
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council (IBE CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Eugenia Gallo
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine—CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Vittorio Mascherini
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine—CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Calvi
- Independent Researcher, Via Fratelli Cervi 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Chiara Marra
- Casa Medica, Via Camozzi 77, 24121 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Francesca Michelucci
- DAI Anesthesia and Rianimation, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Anna Trassi
- General Practioner ASL Central Tuscany, Piazza IV Novembre 28, 51035 Pistoia, Italy;
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Institute of Bioeconomy, National Research Council (IBE CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Fabio Firenzuoli
- Research and Innovation Center in Phytotherapy and Integrated Medicine—CERFIT, Referring Center for Phytotherapy of Tuscany Region, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.G.); (V.M.)
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Iacopetta D, Ceramella J, Scumaci D, Catalano A, Sinicropi MS, Tundis R, Alcaro S, Borges F. An Update on Recent Studies Focusing on the Antioxidant Properties of Salvia Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2106. [PMID: 38136225 PMCID: PMC10740915 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has crucial effects and a significant role in disease prevention. Recently, nutraceuticals have attracted much attention in scientific research due to their pleiotropic effects and relatively non-toxic behavior. Among the biological effects displayed by plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinesterase, sage is well known for its antioxidant properties and is a rich source of numerous compounds that are biologically active, amongst them polyphenols, with more than 160 types identified. In this review we summarized some of the significant studies published in the last decade reporting the most employed extraction methods and the different assays that are useful for establishing the antioxidant properties of some sage species. Even though the scientific literature contains plenty of data regarding the antioxidant properties of many sage species, further studies are needed in order to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action and the compounds responsible for their antioxidant activity. Finally, it should be taken into account that the data on the antioxidant properties of sage extracts are often difficult to compare with each other, since a series of variables in the extraction procedures, the type of assay used, and standardization may affect the final result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Domenica Scumaci
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, “S Venuta” Campus, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Research Center on Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, “S Venuta” Campus, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (R.T.)
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Net4Science SRL, Academic Spinoff, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Associazione CRISEA-Centro di Ricerca e Servizi Avanzati per l’Innovazione Rurale, Loc. Condoleo, 88055 Belcastro, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
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Malekmohammadi M, Ghanbarzadeh B, Hanifian S, Samadi Kafil H, Gharekhani M, Falcone PM. The Gelatin-Coated Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Containing Salvia officinalis Extract: Optimization by Combined D-Optimal Design and Its Application to Improve the Quality Parameters of Beef Burger. Foods 2023; 12:3737. [PMID: 37893630 PMCID: PMC10606122 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to synthesize the gelatin-coated nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) to encapsulate sage extract and use this nanoparticle to increase the quality parameters of beef burger samples. NLCs were prepared by formulation of gelatin (as surfactant and coating biopolymer), tallow oil (as solid lipid), rosemary essential oil (as liquid lipid), sage extract (as active material or encapsulant), polyglycerol ester and Tween 80 (as low-molecular emulsifier) through the high-shear homogenization-sonication method. The effects of gelatin concentrations and the solid/liquid ratio on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of sage extract-loaded NLCs were quantitatively investigated and optimized using a combined D-optimal design. Design expert software suggested the optimum formulation with a gelatin concentration of 0.1 g/g suspension and solid/liquid lipid ratio of 60/40 with a particle size of 100.4 nm, PDI of 0.36, and EE% 80%. The morphology, interactions, thermal properties, and crystallinity of obtained NLC formulations were investigated by TEM, FTIR, DSC, and XRD techniques. The optimum sage extract-loaded/gelatin-coated NLC showed significantly higher antioxidant activity than free extract after 30 days of storage. It also indicated a higher inhibitory effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa than free form in MIC and MBC tests. The optimum sage extract-loaded/gelatin-coated NLC, more than free extract, increased the oxidation stability of the treated beef burger samples during 90 days of storage at 4 and -18 °C (verified by thiobarbituric acid and peroxide values tests). Incorporation of the optimum NLC to beef burgers also effectively decreased total counts of mesophilic bacteria, psychotropic bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, E. coli, molds, and yeasts of treated beef burger samples during 0, 3, and 7 days of storage in comparison to the control sample. These results suggested that the obtained sage extract-loaded NLC can be an effective preservative to extend the shelf life of beef burgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Malekmohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz P.O. Box 11365-4435, Iran (S.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Babak Ghanbarzadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz P.O. Box 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Shahram Hanifian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz P.O. Box 11365-4435, Iran (S.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz P.O. Box 51656-65811, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Gharekhani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz P.O. Box 11365-4435, Iran (S.H.); (M.G.)
| | - Pasquale M. Falcone
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University Polytechnical of Marche, Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Weremczuk-Jeżyna I, Gonciarz W, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phenolic Acid-Rich Extract from Hairy Roots of Dracocephalum moldavica. Molecules 2023; 28:6759. [PMID: 37836602 PMCID: PMC10574805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenolic acid-rich fractions of 80% methanolic extract from the hairy roots of Dracocephalum moldavica. The fractionation of the crude extract yielded the following: a diethyl ether fraction rich in caffeic acid (DM1) (25.85 mg/g DWE), an n-butyl fraction rich in rosmarinic acid (DM3) (43.94 mg/g DWE) and a water residue rich in salvianolic acid B (DM4) (51.46 mg/g DWE). The content of these compounds was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their antioxidant activity was evaluated based on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt) and FRAP assays. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fractions was determined by their effect on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in LPS E. coli stimulated monocytes. The level of pro-inflammatory IL-1β in cells was measured using ELISA. The activation of NF-κB in THP1-Blue™ cells, resulting in the secretion of SEAP (secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase), was detected spectrophotometrically using Quanti-Blue reagent. Among the tested fractions, the diethyl ether fraction (DM1) showed the highest antioxidant potential, with an EC50 value of 15.41 µg/mL in the DPPH assay and 11.47 µg/mL in ABTS and a reduction potential of 10.9 mM Fe(II)/g DWE in FRAP. DM1 at a concentration of 10 mg/mL also efficiently reduced LPS-induced SEAP secretion (53% inhibition) and IL-1β production (47% inhibition) without affecting the normal growth of L929 fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Weremczuk-Jeżyna
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
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Heydarpour S, Sharifipour F, Heydarpour F. Effect of Salvia officinalis scent on postmenopausal women's sexual function and satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:442. [PMID: 37612717 PMCID: PMC10463902 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual function is one of the important aspects of quality of life which is often impaired after menopause. Given the side effects of hormone therapy on postmenopausal women, alternative treatments such as aromatherapy have won popularity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aromatherapy using Salvia officinalis on the sexual function and satisfaction of postmenopausal women. METHODS This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted on postmenopausal women referring to health centers in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2018. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: Salvia officinalis (n = 32) and control (n = 32). Women in the intervention group received 2 drops of Salvia officinalis essential oil by inhalation twice a day for 5 consecutive days of a week continued for 6 weeks. The control group received almond oil in the same dosage and frequency. Sexual function and satisfaction were evaluated using the Lindberg sexual satisfaction questionnaire and the female sexual function index, respectively before the intervention and 6 weeks after it. RESULTS After 6 weeks of intervention, the total mean scores of sexual function (28.8 ± 2.13 vs.17.9 ± 1.59 P < 0.001) and sexual satisfaction (71.53 ± 5.86 vs. 50.44 ± 10.41) were significantly higher in the Salvia officinalis group compared with the control group, respectively. CONCLUSION The findings showed that aromatherapy using Salvia officinalis has a significant effect on improving sexual function and satisfaction in postmenopausal women. Therefore, given the prevalence of sexual disorders in postmenopausal women, aromatherapy using Salvia officinalis is recommended to be used for improving these disorders. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials; https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/50212/view (IRCT20160427027633N6), registered (12/08/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sousan Heydarpour
- Department of Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Foruzan Sharifipour
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fateme Heydarpour
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Pogorzelska-Nowicka E, Górska-Horczyczak E, Hanula M, Marcinkowska-Lesiak M, Pogorzelski G, Wierzbicka A, Półtorak A. Sage extracts obtained with cold plasma improves beef quality. Meat Sci 2022; 194:108988. [PMID: 36150322 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the effect of sage extracts obtained using cold plasma on the quality of ground beef. Patties with a different content of sage extracts (0.05% and 0.075%) obtained either by conventional extraction (S0.05, S.0.075) or with cold plasma assistance (SP0.05, SP0.075) were packed under a modified atmosphere (80%O2) and stored in cold conditions for 8 days. Sage extracts addition had no impact on pH, weight loss, colour, content of each myoglobin form, texture, aroma and overall acceptability of raw meat measured on the last storage day (P < 0.05). However, lipid oxidation was inhibited the most in meat with the highest share of sage extract obtained using cold plasma (P < 0.05). This group was also characterized by the highest amount of n-3 fatty acids at the end of storage (P < 0.05). Moreover, the addition of sage at 0.075% prevented hexanal formation in samples. Thus, cold plasma extracts may be introduced in the meat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pogorzelska-Nowicka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Górska-Horczyczak
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Hanula
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Marcinkowska-Lesiak
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Pogorzelski
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Półtorak
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Department of Technique and Food Product Development, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159 c street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticoccidial, and Anti-Inflammatory Study of Essential Oils of Oregano, Thyme, and Sage from Epirus, Greece. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111783. [PMID: 36362938 PMCID: PMC9693314 DOI: 10.3390/life12111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Thymus vulgaris, and Salvia fructicosa are aromatic plants commonly found in Mediterranean countries and are traditionally used in Greece as a remedy for humans, since they are well known as potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. Essential oils (EOs) derived from plants cultivated in the mountainous region of Epirus, Greece, were investigated for their inhibitory activity against key microorganisms with relevance to avian health, while also assessing their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the EOs was estimated according to the Folin−Ciocalteu method, while the antioxidant capacity was tested through the EOs’ ability to scavenge free radicals by means of the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were examined by the agar disc diffusion method and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test, respectively. Furthermore, the EOs’ ability to inhibit the invasion of sporozoites of Eimeria tenella (Wisconsin strain) along with any toxic effects were assayed in Madin−Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. The antioxidant activity of the EOs was observed in descending order: oregano > thyme > sage. The antimicrobial effects of thyme and oregano were equivalent and higher than that of sage, while the anti-inflammatory effect of thyme was higher compared to both sage and oregano. The intracellular invasion of sporozoites was evaluated by the detection of E. tenella DNA by qPCR from cell monolayers harvested at 2 and 24 h post-infection. Parasite invasion was inhibited by the addition of oregano essential oil at the concentration of 100 μg/mL by 83% or 93% after 2 or 24 h, respectively, and was higher compared to the addition of thyme and sage, which had similar effects, but at a less intensive level. The cytotoxic assessment of all three essential oils revealed that they had no effect on MDBK cells compared to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), used as the control substance. The supplementation of oregano, thyme, and sage essential oils had a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticoccidial in vitro effect that is comparable to synthetic substances or approved drugs, justifying the need for further evaluation by in vivo studies in broilers reared in the absence of antimicrobial and anticoccidial drugs or synthetic antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Maleš I, Pedisić S, Zorić Z, Elez-Garofulić I, Repajić M, You L, Vladimir-Knežević S, Butorac D, Dragović-Uzelac V. The medicinal and aromatic plants as ingredients in functional beverage production. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Abdel Rahman AN, Van Doan H, Elsheshtawy HM, Dawood A, Salem SMR, Sheraiba NI, Masoud SR, Abdelnaeim NS, Khamis T, Alkafafy M, Mahboub HH. Dietary Salvia officinalis leaves enhances antioxidant-immune-capacity, resistance to Aeromonas sobria challenge, and growth of Cyprinus carpio. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:340-348. [PMID: 35772675 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current perspective is a pioneer to assess the efficacy of Salvia officinalis leave powder (SOLP) on growth, intestinal enzymes, physiological and antioxidant status, immunological response, and gene expression of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). We also looked into fish resistance after being challenged with Aeromonas sobria, a pathogenic zoonotic bacteria. Fish (N = 120) were fed four different experimental diets in triplicate for 8 weeks. The control diet (SOLP0 - without SOLP); meanwhile, the other three diets included SOLP of 2, 4, and 8 g kg-1 concentrations (SOLP2, SOLP4, and SOLP8), respectively. Findings demonstrated that fish fed SOLP4 and SOLP8 diets had better growth performance and improved digestion by noticeable enhancing lipase and amylase enzymes activity than other groups. Additionally, the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and immune activities (immunoglobulin M, nitric oxide, and antiprotease) clarified a significant increase (p < 0.05) in SOLP4 and SOLP8 groups. Enriched diets with SOLP4 and SOLP8 exhibited better expression of splenic genes (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TLR-2, and SOD), intestinal genes (Slc26a6) and (PepT1 or Slc15a1), and muscular genes (IGF-1 and SOD), while MSTN was down-regulated. After 8 weeks of the experimental trial, C. carpio challenged by A. sobria exhibited the highest cumulative mortality (66.67%), while SOLP8-dietary intervention showed the best results in enhancing the fish resistance against A. sobria by lessening mortalities to 13.33% followed by SOLP4 diet (20%). The outcomes indicate that the expression of splenic, muscular, and intestinal genes confirm the efficacy of SOLP on enhancing growth, digestion, and immune-antioxidant status, and recommend the potential use of SOLP especially at 4 g kg-1 level as a valuable natural economic diet additive in C. carpio culture for sustaining aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Hassnaa Mahmoud Elsheshtawy
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ali Dawood
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt; The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shimaa M R Salem
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Nagwa I Sheraiba
- Department of Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, P.O. Box 32897, Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa R Masoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, P.O. Box 32897, Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Noha S Abdelnaeim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
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Rashwan HM, Mohammed HE, El-Nekeety AA, Hamza ZK, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Bioactive phytochemicals from Salvia officinalis attenuate cadmium-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68498-68512. [PMID: 34275073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the bioactive phytochemicals in Salvia officinalis essential oil, to determine the polyphenols in the aqueous extract (SOE), and to evaluate their protective role against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in rats. Six groups of female rats were treated orally for 2 weeks including the control group, CdCl2-treated group, SOE-treated groups at low or high dose (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w), and CdCl2 plus SOE-treated groups at the two doses. The GC-MS analysis identified 39 compounds; the main compounds were 9-octadecenamide, eucalyptol, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. However, the HPLC analysis showed 12 polyphenolic compounds and the majority were coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, coffeic acid, catechin, vanillin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rutin. In the biological study, rats received CdCl2 displayed severe disturbances in liver and kidney indices alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (Alb), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (T. Bil), direct bilirubin (D. Bil), creatinine, uric acid, and urea, lipid profile, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and CEA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), gene expressions, DNA fragmentation, and histological alterations in the liver and kidney tissue. SOE showed a potent antioxidant and mitigated these alterations in serum and tissue. Moreover, the high dose succeeded to normalize most of the tested parameters and histological features. It could be concluded that S. officinalis is a promising source for bioactive compounds with therapeutic benefits against environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Rashwan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, North Sinai, Al-Arish, Egypt
| | - Hagar E Mohammed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, North Sinai, Al-Arish, Egypt
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab K Hamza
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Aziman N, Jawaid M, Mutalib NAA, Yusof NL, Nadrah AH, Nazatul UK, Tverezovskiy VV, Tverezovskaya OA, Fouad H, Braganca RM, Baker PW, Selbie S, Ali A. Antimicrobial Potential of Plastic Films Incorporated with Sage Extract on Chicken Meat. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112812. [PMID: 34829093 PMCID: PMC8617763 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of packaging is crucial in the maintenance of fresh meat product quality. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of six films added with coatings 2379L/220 and 2379L/221 (containing sage extracts) to inhibit Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, which showed that two of the six films had a significant effect. Additionally, the effects of the films on refrigerated skinless chicken breast meat were evaluated based on microbiological content, colour, weight loss, texture and pH. Four of the six films were examined could extend the storability of refrigerated chicken breast fillets for up to seven days. All six treated films improved the pH, colour stability, weight loss, and texture of the chicken fillets. Therefore, these findings suggested that the coatings containing sage extracts having different viscosities (2379L/220 and 2379L/221) were effective as antimicrobial adhesives in food packaging films and can be commercially applied in prolonging the storage of chicken breast meat without affecting their quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Aziman
- Alliance of Research & Innovation for Food (ARIF), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia;
| | - M. Jawaid
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: author:
| | - N. A. Abdul Mutalib
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.A.M.); (N.L.Y.); (A.H.N.); (U.K.N.)
| | - N. L. Yusof
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.A.M.); (N.L.Y.); (A.H.N.); (U.K.N.)
| | - A. H. Nadrah
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.A.M.); (N.L.Y.); (A.H.N.); (U.K.N.)
| | - U. K. Nazatul
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.A.M.); (N.L.Y.); (A.H.N.); (U.K.N.)
| | - V. V. Tverezovskiy
- BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; (V.V.T.); (O.A.T.); (R.M.B.); (P.W.B.)
| | - O. A. Tverezovskaya
- BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; (V.V.T.); (O.A.T.); (R.M.B.); (P.W.B.)
| | - H. Fouad
- Applied Medical Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - R. M. Braganca
- BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; (V.V.T.); (O.A.T.); (R.M.B.); (P.W.B.)
| | - P. W. Baker
- BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; (V.V.T.); (O.A.T.); (R.M.B.); (P.W.B.)
| | - S. Selbie
- Scitech Adhesive Systems Ltd., Castle Park Industrial Estate, Flint CH6 5XA, UK;
| | - A. Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Notthingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga 43500, Semenyih, Malaysia;
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The Effect of Adding Herbal Extracts to Drinking Water on Body Temperature, Level of Thyroid Hormones and H:L Ratio in the Blood of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Elevated Ambient Temperature. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of supplementing drinking water with extracts from lemon balm, sage and nettle on body temperature, level of thyroid hormones and the heterophil to lymphocyte (H:L) ratio in the blood of broiler chickens exposed to elevated rearing temperature. One-day-old Ross 308 chicks were divided into four groups: group I (CON) and experimental groups II (LB), II (S) and IV (N), in which, from 22 to 42 days of rearing, drinkers were supplemented with lemon balm extract, sage extract or nettle extract (2 ml/l water), respectively. In addition, at 5 weeks of growth, all the groups were exposed to elevated ambient temperature (up to 30°C) for 5 days, after which the recommended thermal conditions were reinstated. During the study, mortality, rectal temperature and radiated temperature of the broilers were monitored. Blood was collected from 10 birds per group to determine the concentration of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and to make blood smears. The H:L ratio was determined based on the percentage of heterophils (H) and lymphocytes (L). The herbal extracts from lemon balm, sage and nettle, added to drinking water at 2 ml/l, reduced the blood level of the thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine) and rectal temperature in the experimental broilers during the initial period of thermal stress. Chickens receiving the nettle extract were also characterised by lower radiated temperature of the unfeathered body, a lower H:L ratio in the blood during the increase in ambient temperature, and the lowest mortality percentage. It can therefore be considered that the dietary supplementation of nettle, in the form and concentration used in this study, had the most favourable effect on the physiological status of the birds (body temperature, level of thyroid hormones and H:L ratio) exposed to elevated ambient temperatures (30°C), and thus on their welfare.
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Nutraceuticals for Peripheral Vestibular Pathology: Properties, Usefulness, Future Perspectives and Medico-Legal Aspects. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103646. [PMID: 34684646 PMCID: PMC8538675 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vestibular disorders may generate complex signs and symptoms, which may alter patients' balance and the quality of life. Dizziness and vertigo can strongly affect daily activities and relations. Despite the presence of conventional drugs, maneuvers, and surgery, another interesting therapeutic opportunity is offered by nutraceuticals. These molecules are often used in the treatment of dizziness and vertigo, but the rationale of their application is not always solidly demonstrated by the scientific evidence. Several substances have shown a variable level of efficacy/usefulness in this field, but there is lack of important evidence for most of them. From a medico-legal point of view, specific information must be provided to the patient regarding the efficacy and possibilities that the use of these preparations can allow. Administering the right nutraceutical to the proper patient is a fundamental clinical skill. Integrating conventional drug treatment with nutraceutical administration seems to be easy, but it may be difficult considering the (in part unexplored) pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of nutraceuticals. The aim of the scientific community should be to elevate nutraceuticals to the same law and technical dignity of conventional drugs.
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Salvia Species as Nutraceuticals: Focus on Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anti-Obesity Properties. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Salvia plants belong to the Lamiaceae family and are recognized as being strongly aromatic, being widely used for different purposes in culinary or traditional medicine. These plants are well recognized as being rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenic compounds, which exhibit health-beneficial activities, protecting against oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Because of these properties, phytochemicals from Salvia species have been investigated as health promoting agents, for application in distinct fields. However, the growing demand for natural products with possible uses and applications in industry requires scientific validation studies. This review consists of a compilation of relevant studies with an emphasis on the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties of phenolic-rich extracts from Salvia plants.
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Promising Preserving Agents from Sage and Basil: A Case Study with Yogurts. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030676. [PMID: 33810113 PMCID: PMC8004741 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were exploited for their preservative purposes, as viable alternatives to artificial ones. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds was pre-optimized using factorial screening analysis, prior to applying response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained extracts were characterized in terms of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector and mass spectrometer HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and bioactivities, namely the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. In addition, the most promising extracts were incorporated into yogurts, that were further screened for nutritional and physico-chemical properties and microbial load, over a shelf life of 14 days. According to the obtained results, the solvent percentage is the most relevant factor for obtaining rosmarinic acid-rich extract, followed by the extraction time and ultrasonic power. For the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, sage showed the best result for both analysis and none of the two plant extracts were hepatotoxic. Finally, both extracts did not show changes in the physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of the yogurts and did not interfere with the growth of lactic acid bacteria, an important microorganism during yogurt fermentation. These results highlight the high potential of sage and basil as natural preservatives.
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El-Ouady F, Lahrach N, Ajebli M, Haidani AE, Eddouks M. Antihyperglycemic Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Foeniculum vulgare in Normal and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:54-63. [PMID: 31195951 DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190612121516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is associated with high blood glucose levels due to insulin shortcoming (insulinopenia) or defective insulin action. The objective of the study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Foeniculum vulgare in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. METHODS The effects of the leaves aqueous extract (LAE) of Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare) at a dose of 10 mg/kg on blood glucose levels were evaluated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. Histopathological changes were also evaluated in liver in STZ-induced rats. RESULTS Single oral administration of F. vulgare LAE reduced blood glucose levels 6 h after administration in STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001). Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased in both normal (p<0.05) and STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001) after the fifteenth day of treatment. During this test, both groups did not show any significant change in their body weight. Moreover, this aqueous extract improved oral glucose tolerance in diabetic rats and revealed a positive effect on liver histology. On the other hand, the extract used in this experiment showed an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 50% of free radicals with a concentration of 43±1.19 µg/ml. While the synthetic antioxidant (BHT) had an IC50 equal to 22.67±2.17µg /ml. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of the leaves of F. vulgare in normal and diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa El-Ouady
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Nadia Lahrach
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ajebli
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Ahmed E Haidani
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
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20
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Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Essential Oil as a Potential Replacement for Sodium Nitrite in Dry Fermented Sausages. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of sodium nitrite replacement by the sage essential oil (SEO), on the physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory quality of dry fermented sausages (DFS) during 225 days of storage. The SEO (0.00, 0.05 and 0.10 µL/g) was added in DFS batters formulated with different levels of pork back fat (15% and 25%) and sodium nitrite (0, 75 and 150 mg/kg). The inclusion of SEO had no negative impact on pH, color (instrumental and sensory) and texture parameters. Total plate counts were lower than 6 log CFU (colony forming units)/g in all samples throughout the storage. Furthermore, the addition of SEO at concentration of 0.05 µL/g provided acceptable TBARS (2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values (<0.3 mg MDA (malondialdehyde)/kg) in the samples produced with reduced levels of sodium nitrite (0 and 75 mg/kg) without negative alternations on sensory attributes of odor and flavor. Generally, our findings confirmed that the usage of SEO could be a good solution to produce healthier DFS with reduced levels of sodium nitrite.
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21
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Rahmani Samani M, D'Urso G, Montoro P, Ghasemi Pirbalouti A, Piacente S. Effects of bio-fertilizers on the production of specialized metabolites in Salvia officinalis L. leaves: An analytical approach based on LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap/MS and multivariate data analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 197:113951. [PMID: 33601160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of organic substances has been increased to improve the production of specialized metabolites in aromatic and medicinal plants. Salvia officinalis L., known as sage, is an important medicinal and aromatic plant, whose leaves are commonly used as a condiment in food but mainly as a raw material in pharmaceutical and perfumery industries. In this work to define the effects of bio-fertilizers and foliar applications of l-phenylalanine on specialized metabolites production and biochemical characteristics of S. officinalis leaves, an experimental field in 2 years (2016 and 2017) was developed in semiarid climate, South-western, Iran. Experimental treatments included foliar spraying of l-phenylalanine in diverse concentration (0-250 and 500 mg/mL) and different bio-fertilizers [Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf), both fungi and bacteria (AMF + Pf)]. A metabolomics approach was carried out on the ethanolic extracts of sage leaves obtained by different treatments using Liquid Chromatography coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap/MS) followed by multivariate data analysis. A total of 41 specialized metabolites were detected, and 35 of them were identified based on their accurate mass and mass fragmentation, as belonging to organic acids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, diterpenes, salvianolic acids and oxylipins. This work highlighted that the foliar application of l-phenylalanine along with the inoculation of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and P. fluorescens can improve the yields of specific metabolites of pharmaceutical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Rahmani Samani
- Medicinal Plants Department, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Gilda D'Urso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Paola Montoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Yanagimichi M, Nishino K, Sakamoto A, Kurodai R, Kojima K, Eto N, Isoda H, Ksouri R, Irie K, Kambe T, Masuda S, Akita T, Maejima K, Nagao M. Analyses of putative anti-cancer potential of three STAT3 signaling inhibitory compounds derived from Salvia officinalis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 25:100882. [PMID: 33392396 PMCID: PMC7772785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of Salvia officinalis (Common Sage) exhibited inhibitory activity of STAT3 signal after screening of several plants extracts using the STAT3-responsive reporter system. Cirsiliol, luteolin, and carnosol were identified from the methanol extract of Silvia officinalis as inhibitors of STAT3 signaling and the effects of these three compounds on STAT3 protein or growth inhibition on cancer cells was compared. Luteolin at the dose of 90 μM clearly suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by IL-6, while carnosol was prone to decrease total STAT3 proteins at high doses (>90 μM). Cirsiliol had almost no effect. Since the three compounds exhibited similar concentration-dependent suppression patterns in the reporter assay except for cirsiliol became plateau beyond 30 μM, these compounds appeared to function as STAT3 inhibitory factors in different ways. The direct anti-proliferative activity of three compounds was examined with or without the anti-cancer drug gefitinib using HepG2 and A549 cells. The anti-proliferative effect of the three compounds was additively enhanced by gefitinib. At the doses of 3.6 μM, statistically significant suppression of proliferation was observed in HepG2 cells only by cirsiliol among the three compounds in the absence of gefitinib but all three compounds were prone to suppress the proliferation of HepG2 cells and A549 cells dose-dependently although cirsiliol showed a modest dose-dependency and this suppression of proliferation was enhanced by the addition of gefitinib. Cirsiliol, a dimethyoxylated flavone, activated the natural killer activity of KHYG-1 cells against erythroleukemia K562 cells like a hexamethoxylated flavone, nobiletin, suggesting that it may also have an indirect anti-cancer potential through activation of NK cells. These results shed light on the putative anti-cancer potential of Salvia officinalis. Carnosol, luteolin and cirsiliol were identified as STAT3 signal inhibitors in S. officinalis. Cirsiliol inhibited the STAT3-responsive reporter expression at 7.5 μM but showed low dose-dependency at higher doses. Cirsiliol at 90 μM showed almost no effect on phosphorylation of STAT3 and weakly suppressed total STAT3. Cirsiliol exhibited anti-proliferative activity at 3.6 μM against HepG2 cells and A549 cells but showed low dose-dependency. Cirsiliol activated NK cells by stimulating exocytosis of granules for cytolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Yanagimichi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Akiho Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryusei Kurodai
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Kojima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nozomu Eto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.,Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj Cédria (CBBC), BP 901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Seiji Masuda
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toru Akita
- Nippon Shinyaku CO., LTD., Kyoto, 601-8550, Japan
| | | | - Masaya Nagao
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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Ethanolic Extract of Salvia hispanica L. Regulates Blood Pressure by Modulating the Expression of Genes Involved in BP-Regulatory Pathways. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173875. [PMID: 32858788 PMCID: PMC7504362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is considered to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been directly related to pathologies such as obesity and dyslipidemias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) blocked the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade diminishing the production of angiotensin II and the level of bradykinin, produced by the kallikrein-kinin system. Although ACEIs are effective therapeutics in regulating HT, they present several side-effects that can be due to their mechanism of action (as hypotension, cough, dizziness, light-headedness or hyperkalemia) to specific drug molecular structure (skin rash, neutropenia and tasting disorders) or due to associated pathologies in the patients (it has been considered a possible nephrotoxic effect when ACEIs are administered in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers, in patients that present comorbidities as diabetes, acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease). Therefore, it is necessary the searching for new products with ACEI activity that do not produce side effects. Interestingly, species of the plant genus Salvia have been found to possess hypotensive effects. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of the ethanolic extract of Salvia hispanica L. seeds (EESH) on the expression of genes involved in pathways regulating HT. Administration of EESH to hypertensive rats inhibited the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity along with a decrease in Ace and elevation of Agtr1a and Nos3 gene expression, as compared to that in healthy rats. Moreover, these results were similar to those observed with captopril, an antihypertensive drug used as a control. No significant change in the expression of Bdkrb2 gene was observed in the different groups of rats. To conclude, our results demonstrate that EESH regulates blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive rats through transcriptionally regulating the expression of genes that participate in different pathways involving ACE.
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Sage Species Case Study on a Spontaneous Mediterranean Plant to Control Phytopathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11060704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sage species belong to the family of Labiatae/Lamiaceae and are diffused worldwide. More than 900 species of sage have been identified, and many of them are used for different purposes, i.e., culinary uses, traditional medicines and natural remedies and cosmetic applications. Another use of sage is the application of non-distilled sage extracts and essential oils to control phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi, for a sustainable, environmentally friendly agriculture. Biocidal propriety of non-distilled extracts and essential oils of sage are w documented. Antimicrobial effects of these sage extracts/essential oils depend on both sage species and bacteria and fungi species to control. In general, it is possible to choose some specific extracts/essential oils to control specific phytopathogenic bacteria or fungi. In this context, the use of nanotechnology techniques applied to essential oil from salvia could represent a future direction for improving the performance of eco-compatible and sustainable plant defence and represents a great challenge for the future.
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