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Tan JYH, Ng CJ. Prevalence and burden of diabetes mellitus-related symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. MALAYSIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS OF MALAYSIA 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 38213386 PMCID: PMC10781611 DOI: 10.51866/oa.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant non-communicable disease in Malaysia, with a prevalence of 18.1%, per the National Health and Morbidity Survey. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and burden of diabetes mellitus-related symptoms and whether these symptoms were addressed by primary care doctors. Methods This 1-month cross-sectional study was conducted at an urban hospital-based primary care clinic in Malaysia. Patients with T2DM were recruited using systematic random sampling. Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Diabetes Symptom Checklist-Revised, which evaluated the sociodemographic characteristics, burden of diabetes mellitus-related symptoms in the past month and post-consultation feedback about symptoms. Data were analysed using SPSS. Results Four hundred eighteen participants were included, yielding a response rate of 97.7%. Hyperglycaemia was the most prevalent symptom, with 48.1% of the participants reporting a frequent need to empty their bladder. Most participants experienced a low symptom burden, so 56.7% did not report their symptoms to their doctors. The participants who reported their symptoms had a higher symptom burden. Among them, 97.5% indicated that their doctors addressed their symptoms. Approximately 78% reported satisfaction and good coping skills when their symptoms were addressed. Conclusion Hyperglycaemia was the most prevalent diabetes mellitus-related symptom among the patients with T2DM. The symptom burden was generally low, so most patients did not report their symptoms to their doctors. Those who reported their symptoms had a higher symptom burden. Further studies must explore why patients do not report their symptoms and how doctors address patients' symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yuet Han Tan
- MD, M.FamMed, Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Manila, D/A32 Pejabat Kesihatan Kawasan Sandakan,Tingkat 6, Rumah Persekutuan Sandakan, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia,
| | - Chirk Jenn Ng
- MBBS, MMed Family Medicine, PhD, Health Services & Systems Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore
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Pyatak EA, Spruijt-Metz D, Schneider S, Hernandez R, Pham LT, Hoogendoorn CJ, Peters AL, Crandall J, Jin H, Lee PJ, Gonzalez JS. Impact of Overnight Glucose on Next-Day Functioning in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Intensive Longitudinal Study. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1345-1353. [PMID: 36862940 PMCID: PMC10300522 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While there is evidence that functioning, or ability to perform daily life activities, can be adversely influenced by type 1 diabetes, the impact of acute fluctuations in glucose levels on functioning is poorly understood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using dynamic structural equation modeling, we examined whether overnight glucose (coefficient of variation[CV], percent time <70 mg/dL, percent time >250 mg/dL) predicted seven next-day functioning outcomes (mobile cognitive tasks, accelerometry-derived physical activity, self-reported activity participation) in adults with type 1 diabetes. We examined mediation, moderation, and whether short-term relationships were predictive of global patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS Overall next-day functioning was significantly predicted from overnight CV (P = 0.017) and percent time >250 mg/dL (P = 0.037). Pairwise tests indicate that higher CV is associated with poorer sustained attention (P = 0.028) and lower engagement in demanding activities (P = 0.028), time <70 mg/dL is associated with poorer sustained attention (P = 0.007), and time >250 mg/dL is associated with more sedentary time (P = 0.024). The impact of CV on sustained attention is partially mediated by sleep fragmentation. Individual differences in the effect of overnight time <70 mg/dL on sustained attention predict global illness intrusiveness (P = 0.016) and diabetes-related quality of life (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Overnight glucose predicts problems with objective and self-reported next-day functioning and can adversely impact global patient-reported outcomes. These findings across diverse outcomes highlight the wide-ranging effects of glucose fluctuations on functioning in adults with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Pyatak
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Donna Spruijt-Metz
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stefan Schneider
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Raymond Hernandez
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Loree T. Pham
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Claire J. Hoogendoorn
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Anne L. Peters
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jill Crandall
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Haomiao Jin
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
| | - Pey-Jiuan Lee
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeffrey S. Gonzalez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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