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Sousa JRL, Franco MS, Mendes LD, Araújo LA, Neto JSS, Frizon TEA, Dos Santos VB, Carasek E, Saba S, Rafique J, Braga AL. KIO 3-catalyzed selective oxidation of thiols to disulfides in water under ambient conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2175-2181. [PMID: 38259235 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01913f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a KIO3-catalyzed oxidative coupling of thiols to their corresponding disulfides in water, in a short time and at ambient temperature. The reaction has a broad scope and exhibits good functional group tolerance, resulting in the desired products in excellent yields. This approach allows the reuse of the reaction system in multiple cycles and scale-up. Furthermore, the current protocol demonstrates compatibility for in situ generation of disulfides and post application in C(sp2)-H bond sulfenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R L Sousa
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo S Franco
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Leila D Mendes
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Lucas A Araújo
- LabSO, Instituto de Química - IQ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil.
| | - José S S Neto
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Tiago E A Frizon
- Departamento de Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Araranguá, Araranguá 88905-120, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa B Dos Santos
- Instituto de Química - INQUI, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, 79074-460, MS, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Carasek
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Sumbal Saba
- Departamento de Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Araranguá, Araranguá 88905-120, SC, Brazil
| | - Jamal Rafique
- Departamento de Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Araranguá, Araranguá 88905-120, SC, Brazil
- Instituto de Química - INQUI, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, 79074-460, MS, Brazil.
| | - Antonio L Braga
- LabSelen, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
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2
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Wang L, Chen L, Qin Z, Ni K, Li X, Yu Z, Kuang Z, Qin X, Duan H, An J. Application of Iodine as a Catalyst in Aerobic Oxidations: A Sustainable Approach for Thiol Oxidations. Molecules 2023; 28:6789. [PMID: 37836632 PMCID: PMC10574728 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Iodine is a well-known oxidant that is widely used in organic syntheses. Thiol oxidation by stoichiometric iodine is one of the most commonly employed strategies for the synthesis of valuable disulfides. While recent advancements in catalytic aerobic oxidation conditions have eliminated the need for stoichiometric oxidants, concerns persist regarding the use of toxic or expensive catalysts. In this study, we discovered that iodine can be used as a cheap, low-toxicity catalyst in the aerobic oxidation of thiols. In the catalytic cycle, iodine can be regenerated via HI oxidation by O2 at 70 °C in EtOAc. This protocol harnesses sustainable oxygen as the terminal oxidant, enabling the conversion of primary and secondary thiols with remarkable efficiency. Notably, all 26 tested thiols, encompassing various sensitive functional groups, were successfully converted into their corresponding disulfides with yields ranging from >66% to 98% at a catalyst loading of 5 mol%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (Z.K.)
| | - Lingxia Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.C.); (Z.Q.); (K.N.); (X.Q.)
| | - Zixuan Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.C.); (Z.Q.); (K.N.); (X.Q.)
| | - Ke Ni
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.C.); (Z.Q.); (K.N.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zichen Kuang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (Z.K.)
| | - Xinshu Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.C.); (Z.Q.); (K.N.); (X.Q.)
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.W.); (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (Z.K.)
| | - Jie An
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.C.); (Z.Q.); (K.N.); (X.Q.)
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Nakamura K, Kumagai Y, Kobayashi A, Suzuki M, Yoshida S. Facile synthesis of sulfinate esters from aryl iodides via direct oxidation of thioesters. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6886-6891. [PMID: 37602371 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
A practical method to synthesize sulfinate esters from aryl iodides is disclosed. Direct oxidation of thioesters prepared by copper-catalyzed C-S formation of aryl iodides realized the efficient synthesis of sulfinate esters. Due to the good accessibility of aryl iodides, a wide variety of sulfinate esters were prepared from easily available starting materials such as carboxylic acids and anilines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Kumagai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Minori Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
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4
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Das A, Thomas KRJ. Tuning Selectivity in the Visible-Light-Promoted Coupling of Thiols with Alkenes by EDA vs TOCO Complex Formation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18275-18289. [PMID: 37251145 PMCID: PMC10210280 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The visible-light-promoted catalyst-free condition has been demonstrated for self- and cross-coupling reactions of thiols in an ambient atmosphere. Further, synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides is accomplished under very mild conditions involving the formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a disulfide and an alkene. However, the direct reaction of thiol with alkene via the formation of a thiol-oxygen co-oxidation (TOCO) complex failed to produce the desired compounds in high yields. The protocol was successful with several aryl and alkyl thiols for the formation of disulfides. However, the formation of β-hydroxysulfides required an aromatic unit on the disulfide fragment, which supports the formation of the EDA complex during the course of the reaction. The approaches presented in this paper for the coupling reaction of thiols and the synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides are unique and do not require toxic organic or metal catalysts.
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Takeda A, Okai H, Watabe K, Iida H. Metal-Free Atom-Economical Synthesis of Tetra-Substituted Imidazoles via Flavin-Iodine Catalyzed Aerobic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Amidines and Chalcones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10372-10376. [PMID: 35839306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated the oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling between amidines and chalcones catalyzed by flavin and iodine. The riboflavin-iodine catalytic system played multiple roles in substrate- and O2-activation, enabling the facile and atom-economical synthesis of tetra-substituted imidazoles in good yields (60-87%). This metal-free reaction consumed only 1 equiv of molecular oxygen and generated 2 equiv of environmentally benign H2O as the only byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hayaki Okai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kyoji Watabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
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6
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Li X, Fan J, Cui D, Yan H, Shan S, Lu Y, Cheng X, Loh TP. Catalyst‐ and metal‐free photo‐oxidative coupling of thiols with BrCCl3. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Li
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Jiali Fan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Dezhi Cui
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Hui Yan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Shiquan Shan
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Yongna Lu
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis CHINA
| | - Xiamin Cheng
- Nanjing Tech University Institute of Advanced Synthesis 30 South Puzhu Road 211816 Nanjing CHINA
| | - Teck-peng Loh
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry SINGAPORE
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