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Comparison of different serum sample extraction methods and their suitability for mass spectrometry analysis. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 23:689-97. [PMID: 26702265 PMCID: PMC4669428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has been widely used, particularly in pharmacokinetic investigations and for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes. Like any other analytical method some difficulties exist in employing mass spectrometry, mainly when it is used to test biological samples, such as to detect drug candidates in mammalian serum, which is rich in proteins, lipids and other contents that may interfere with the investigational drug. The complexity of the serum proteome presents challenges for efficient sample preparation and adequate sensitivity for mass spectrometry analysis of drugs. Enrichment procedures prior to the drug analysis are often needed and as a result, the study of serum or plasma components usually demands either methods of purification or depletion of one or more. Selection of the best combination of sample introduction method is a crucial determinant of the sensitivity and accuracy of mass spectrometry. The aim of this study was to determine the highest serum protein precipitation activity of five commonly used sample preparation methods and test their suitability for mass spectrometry. We spiked three small molecules into rabbit serum and applied different protein precipitation methods to determine their precipitation activity and applicability as a mass spectrometry introductory tool.
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Sheng YL, Xu JH, Shi CH, Li W, Xu HY, Li N, Zhao YQ, Zhang XR. UPLC-MS/MS-ESI assay for simultaneous determination of magnolol and honokiol in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study after administration emulsion of the isomer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1568-1574. [PMID: 25102243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Magnolia officinalis is one of the commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of fever, chronic bronchitis and stomach ailments. Magnolol and honokiol are isomers with hydroxylated biphenol compound in the extract of Magnolia officinalis. This study aims to determine the isomers in rat plasma and evaluate their pharmacokinetic pattern after administration emulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley male rats received either an intravenous (i.v.25, mg/kg) or oral (50mg/kg) dose of the emulsion of the isomer. A sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of magnolol and honokiol in rats. Kaempferol was employed as an internal standard. RESULTS The plasma samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile, the post-treatment samples were analyzed on an Agela C18 column interfaced with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in negative electrospray ionization mode. Acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer solution (65: 35, v/v) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Following oral administration of emulsion to rats, magnolol attained mean peak plasma concentrations of 426.4 ± 273.8 ng/mL at 1.20 h, whereas honokiol reached peak plasma concentrations of 40.3 ± 30.8 ng/mL at 0.45 h. The absolute bioavailability of magnolol and honokiol is 17.5 ± 9.7% and 5.3 ± 11.7%. By comparison, the AUC0-∞ of magnolol was 5.4 times higher than that of honokiol after intravenous administration, but AUC0-∞ of magnolol was about 18-fold higher than honokiol after oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Sheng
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jing-Hua Xu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cai-Hong Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hai-Yan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Design of "drug targets based on the Ministry of Education", Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Design of "drug targets based on the Ministry of Education", Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 51, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Design of "drug targets based on the Ministry of Education", Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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