1
|
Manat G, Fanuel M, Jouanneau D, Jam M, Mac-Bear J, Rogniaux H, Mora T, Larocque R, Lipinska A, Czjzek M, Ropartz D, Ficko-Blean E. Specificity of a β-porphyranase produced by the carrageenophyte red alga Chondrus crispus and implications of this unexpected activity on red algal biology. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102707. [PMID: 36402445 PMCID: PMC9771727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The carrageenophyte red alga Chondrus crispus produces three family 16 glycoside hydrolases (CcGH16-1, CcGH16-2, and CcGH16-3). Phylogenetically, the red algal GH16 members are closely related to bacterial GH16 homologs from subfamilies 13 and 14, which have characterized marine bacterial β-carrageenase and β-porphyranase activities, respectively, yet the functions of these CcGH16 hydrolases have not been determined. Here, we first confirmed the gene locus of the ccgh16-3 gene in the alga to facilitate further investigation. Next, our biochemical characterization of CcGH16-3 revealed an unexpected β-porphyranase activity, since porphyran is not a known component of the C. crispus extracellular matrix. Kinetic characterization was undertaken on natural porphyran substrate with an experimentally determined molecular weight. We found CcGH16-3 has a pH optimum between 7.5 and 8.0; however, it exhibits reasonably stable activity over a large pH range (pH 7.0-9.0). CcGH16-3 has a KM of 4.0 ± 0.8 μM, a kcat of 79.9 ± 6.9 s-1, and a kcat/KM of 20.1 ± 1.7 μM-1 s-1. We structurally examined fine enzymatic specificity by performing a subsite dissection. CcGH16-3 has a strict requirement for D-galactose and L-galactose-6-sulfate in its -1 and +1 subsites, respectively, whereas the outer subsites are less restrictive. CcGH16-3 is one of a handful of algal enzymes characterized with a specificity for a polysaccharide unknown to be found in their own extracellular matrix. This β-porphyranase activity in a carrageenophyte red alga may provide defense against red algal pathogens or provide a competitive advantage in niche colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Manat
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Mathieu Fanuel
- INRAE, UR BIA, Nantes, France,INRAE, BIBS Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Diane Jouanneau
- CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Murielle Jam
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA, Nantes, France,INRAE, BIBS Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Théo Mora
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Robert Larocque
- CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Agnieszka Lipinska
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Mirjam Czjzek
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, Nantes, France,INRAE, BIBS Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
- CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France,For correspondence: Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao J, Goossens P, Martin-Lorenzo M, Dewez F, Claes BSR, Biessen EAL, Heeren RMA, Balluff B. Atheroma-Specific Lipids in ldlr-/- and apoe-/- Mice Using 2D and 3D Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1825-1832. [PMID: 32872786 PMCID: PMC7472746 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the major contributor to cardiovascular diseases. It is a spatially and temporally complex inflammatory disease, in which intravascular accumulation of a plethora of lipids is considered to play a crucial role. To date, both the composition and local distribution of the involved lipids have not been thoroughly mapped yet. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables analyzing and visualizing hundreds of lipid molecules within the plaque while preserving each lipid's specific location. In this study, we aim to identify and verify aortic plaque-specific lipids with high-spatial-resolution 2D and 3D MALDI-MSI common to high-fat-diet-fed low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (ldlr-/-) mice and chow-fed apolipoprotein E deficient (apoe-/-) mice, the two most widely used animal models for atherosclerosis. A total of 11 lipids were found to be significantly and specifically colocalized to the plaques in both mouse models. These were identified and belong to one sphingomyelin (SM), three lysophosphatidic acids (LPA), four lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), two lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE), and one lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI). While these lysolipids and SM 34:0;2 were characteristic of the atherosclerotic aorta plaque itself, LPI 18:0 was mainly localized in the necrotic core of the plaque.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Cao
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
| | - Pieter Goossens
- Maastricht UMC+, Pathology Department,
Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), 6202 AZ
Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundacion
Jimenez Diaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Frédéric Dewez
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MSLab),
University of Liège, B-4000 Liège,
Belgium
| | - Britt S. R. Claes
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Maastricht UMC+, Pathology Department,
Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), 6202 AZ
Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute
(M4I), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The
Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|