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Tan H, Zeng X, Ni J, Liang K, Xu C, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li Z, Yang J, Han C, Gao Y, Yu X, Han S, Meng F, Ma Y. Intracranial EEG signals disentangle multi-areal neural dynamics of vicarious pain perception. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5203. [PMID: 38890380 PMCID: PMC11189531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Empathy enables understanding and sharing of others' feelings. Human neuroimaging studies have identified critical brain regions supporting empathy for pain, including the anterior insula (AI), anterior cingulate (ACC), amygdala, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). However, to date, the precise spatio-temporal profiles of empathic neural responses and inter-regional communications remain elusive. Here, using intracranial electroencephalography, we investigated electrophysiological signatures of vicarious pain perception. Others' pain perception induced early increases in high-gamma activity in IFG, beta power increases in ACC, but decreased beta power in AI and amygdala. Vicarious pain perception also altered the beta-band-coordinated coupling between ACC, AI, and amygdala, as well as increased modulation of IFG high-gamma amplitudes by beta phases of amygdala/AI/ACC. We identified a necessary combination of neural features for decoding vicarious pain perception. These spatio-temporally specific regional activities and inter-regional interactions within the empathy network suggest a neurodynamic model of human pain empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Xu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlei Han
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinguang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shihui Han
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
| | - Yina Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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Lotze M. Emotional processing impairments in patients with insula lesions following stroke. Neuroimage 2024; 291:120591. [PMID: 38552812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional imaging has helped to understand the role of the human insula as a major processing network for integrating input with the current state of the body. However, these studies remain at a correlative level. Studies that have examined insula damage show lesion-specific performance deficits. Case reports have provided anecdotal evidence for deficits following insula damage, but group lesion studies offer a number of advances in providing evidence for functional representation of the insula. We conducted a systematic literature search to review group studies of patients with insula damage after stroke and identified 23 studies that tested emotional processing performance in these patients. Eight of these studies assessed emotional processing of visual (most commonly IAPS), auditory (e.g., prosody), somatosensory (emotional touch) and autonomic function (heart rate variability). Fifteen other studies looked at social processing, including emotional face recognition, gaming tasks and tests of empathy. Overall, there was a bias towards testing only patients with right-hemispheric lesions, making it difficult to consider hemisphere specificity. Although many studies included an overlay of lesion maps to characterise their patients, most did not differentiate lesion statistics between insula subunits and/or applied voxel-based associations between lesion location and impairment. This is probably due to small group sizes, which limit statistical comparisons. We conclude that multicentre analyses of lesion studies with comparable patients and performance tests are needed to definitively test the specific function of parts of the insula in emotional processing and social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lotze
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology, University of Greifswald, Germany.
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Koob JL, Gorski M, Krick S, Mustin M, Fink GR, Grefkes C, Rehme AK. Behavioral and neuroanatomical correlates of facial emotion processing in post-stroke depression. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 41:103586. [PMID: 38428325 PMCID: PMC10944179 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion processing deficits are known to accompany depressive symptoms and are often seen in stroke patients. Little is known about the influence of post-stroke depressive (PSD) symptoms and specific brain lesions on altered emotion processing abilities and how these phenomena develop over time. This potential relationship may impact post-stroke rehabilitation of neurological and psychosocial function. To address this scientific gap, we investigated the relationship between PSD symptoms and emotion processing abilities in a longitudinal study design from the first days post-stroke into the early chronic phase. METHODS Twenty-six ischemic stroke patients performed an emotion processing task on videos with emotional faces ('happy,' 'sad,' 'anger,' 'fear,' and 'neutral') at different intensity levels (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%). Recognition accuracies and response times were measured, as well as scores of depressive symptoms (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale). Twenty-eight healthy participants matched in age and sex were included as a control group. Whole-brain support-vector regression lesion-symptom mapping (SVR-LSM) analyses were performed to investigate whether specific lesion locations were associated with the recognition accuracy of specific emotion categories. RESULTS Stroke patients performed worse in overall recognition accuracy compared to controls, specifically in the recognition of happy, sad, and fearful faces. Notably, more depressed stroke patients showed an increased processing towards specific negative emotions, as they responded significantly faster to angry faces and recognized sad faces of low intensities significantly more accurately. These effects obtained for the first days after stroke partly persisted to follow-up assessment several months later. SVR-LSM analyses revealed that inferior and middle frontal regions (IFG/MFG) and insula and putamen were associated with emotion-recognition deficits in stroke. Specifically, recognizing happy facial expressions was influenced by lesions affecting the anterior insula, putamen, IFG, MFG, orbitofrontal cortex, and rolandic operculum. Lesions in the posterior insula, rolandic operculum, and MFG were also related to reduced recognition accuracy of fearful facial expressions, whereas recognition deficits of sad faces were associated with frontal pole, IFG, and MFG damage. CONCLUSION PSD symptoms facilitate processing negative emotional stimuli, specifically angry and sad facial expressions. The recognition accuracy of different emotional categories was linked to brain lesions in emotion-related processing circuits, including insula, basal ganglia, IFG, and MFG. In summary, our study provides support for psychosocial and neural factors underlying emotional processing after stroke, contributing to the pathophysiology of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz L Koob
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Maximilian Gorski
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krick
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Maike Mustin
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52428, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52428, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt and University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Neurology, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany.
| | - Anne K Rehme
- University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne 50937, Germany
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Krick S, Koob JL, Latarnik S, Volz LJ, Fink GR, Grefkes C, Rehme AK. Neuroanatomy of post-stroke depression: the association between symptom clusters and lesion location. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad275. [PMID: 37908237 PMCID: PMC10613857 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression affects about 30% of stroke patients and often hampers functional recovery. The diagnosis of depression encompasses heterogeneous symptoms at emotional, motivational, cognitive, behavioural or somatic levels. Evidence indicates that depression is caused by disruption of bio-aminergic fibre tracts between prefrontal and limbic or striatal brain regions comprising different functional networks. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping studies reported discrepant findings regarding the association between infarct locations and depression. Inconsistencies may be due to the usage of sum scores, thereby mixing different symptoms of depression. In this cross-sectional study, we used multivariate support vector regression for lesion-symptom mapping to identify regions significantly involved in distinct depressive symptom domains and global depression. MRI lesion data were included from 200 patients with acute first-ever ischaemic stroke (mean 0.9 ± 1.5 days of post-stroke). The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating interview assessed depression severity in five symptom domains encompassing motivational, emotional and cognitive symptoms deficits, anxiety and somatic symptoms and was examined 8.4 days of post-stroke (±4.3). We found that global depression severity, irrespective of individual symptom domains, was primarily linked to right hemispheric lesions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, when considering distinct symptom domains individually, the analyses yielded much more sensitive results in regions where the correlations with the global depression score yielded no effects. Accordingly, motivational deficits were associated with lesions in orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, pre- and post-central gyri and basal ganglia, including putamen and pallidum. Lesions affecting the dorsal thalamus, anterior insula and somatosensory cortex were significantly associated with emotional symptoms such as sadness. Damage to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with concentration deficits, cognitive symptoms of guilt and self-reproach. Furthermore, somatic symptoms, including loss of appetite and sleep disturbances, were linked to the insula, parietal operculum and amygdala lesions. Likewise, anxiety was associated with lesions impacting the central operculum, insula and inferior frontal gyrus. Interestingly, symptoms of anxiety were exclusively left hemispheric, whereas the lesion-symptom associations of the other domains were lateralized to the right hemisphere. In conclusion, this large-scale study shows that in acute stroke patients, differential post-stroke depression symptom domains are associated with specific structural correlates. Our findings extend existing concepts on the neural underpinnings of depressive symptoms, indicating that differential lesion patterns lead to distinct depressive symptoms in the first weeks of post-stroke. These findings may facilitate the development of personalized treatments to improve post-stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Krick
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Janusz L Koob
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Sylvia Latarnik
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Lukas J Volz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Anne K Rehme
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
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5
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Lukito S, Fortea L, Groppi F, Wykret KZ, Tosi E, Oliva V, Damiani S, Radua J, Fusar-Poli P. Should perception of emotions be classified according to threat detection rather than emotional valence? An updated meta-analysis for a whole-brain atlas of emotional faces processing. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2023; 48:E376-E389. [PMID: 37857413 PMCID: PMC10599659 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.230065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human navigation of social interactions relies on the processing of emotion on faces. This meta-analysis aimed to produce an updated brain atlas of emotional face processing from whole-brain studies based on a single emotional face-viewing paradigm (PROSPERO CRD42022251548). METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search of Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO from May 2008 to October 2021. We used seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging contrasts between emotional (e.g., angry, happy) and neutral faces. We conducted agglomerative hierarchical clustering of meta-analytic map contrasts of emotional faces relative to neutral faces. We investigated lateralization of emotional face processing. RESULTS From 5549 studies identified, 55 data sets (1489 healthy participants) met our inclusion criteria. Relative to neutral faces, we found extensive activation clusters by fearful faces in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right fusiform area, left putamen and amygdala, right parahippocampalgyrus and cerebellum; we found smaller activation clusters by angry faces in the right cerebellum and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and by disgusted faces in the left MTG. Happy and sad faces did not reach statistical significance. Clustering analyses showed similar activation patterns of fearful and angry faces; activation patterns of happy and sad faces showed the least correlation with other emotional faces. Emotional face processing was predominantly left-lateralized in the amygdala and anterior insula, and right-lateralized in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. LIMITATIONS Reliance on discretized effect sizes based on peak coordinate location instead of statistical brain maps, and the varying level of statistical threshold reporting from original studies, could lead to underdetection of smaller clusters of activation. CONCLUSION Processing of emotional faces appeared to be oriented toward identifying threats on faces, from highest (i.e., angry or fearful faces) to lowest level (i.e., happy or sad faces), with a more complex lateralization pattern than previously theorized. Emotional faces may be processed in latent grouping but organized by threat content rather than emotional valence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Lukito
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Lydia Fortea
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Federica Groppi
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Ksenia Zuzanna Wykret
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Eleonora Tosi
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Vincenzo Oliva
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Stefano Damiani
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Joaquim Radua
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Lukito); the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Fortea, Oliva, Radua); the Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy (Groppi, Wykret, Tosi, Damiani, Fusar-Poli); the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (Oliva); the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom (Fusar-Poli); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany (Fusar-Poli)
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Location of Hyperintense Vessels on FLAIR Associated with the Location of Perfusion Deficits in PWI. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041554. [PMID: 36836089 PMCID: PMC9962403 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfusion imaging is preferred for identifying hypoperfusion in the management of acute ischemic stroke, but it is not always feasible/available. An alternative method for quantifying hypoperfusion, using FLAIR-hyperintense vessels (FHVs) in various vascular regions, has been proposed, with evidence of a statistical relationship with perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) deficits and behavior. However, additional validation is needed to confirm that areas of suspected hypoperfusion (per the location of FHVs) correspond to the location of perfusion deficits in PWI. We examined the association between the location of FHVs and perfusion deficits in PWI in 101 individuals with acute ischemic stroke, prior to the receipt of reperfusion therapies. FHVs and PWI lesions were scored as present/absent in six vascular regions (i.e., the ACA, PCA, and (four sub-regions of) the MCA territories). Chi-square analyses showed a significant relationship between the two imaging techniques for five vascular regions (the relationship in the ACA territory was underpowered). These results suggest that for most areas of the brain, the general location of FHVs corresponds to hypoperfusion in those same vascular territories in PWI. In conjunction with prior work, results support the use of estimating the amount and location of hypoperfusion using FLAIR imaging when perfusion imaging is not available.
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7
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Álvarez-Fernández S, Andrade-González N, Simal P, Matias-Guiu JA, Gómez-Escalonilla C, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Stiles BJ, Lahera G. Emotional processing in patients with single brain damage in the right hemisphere. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:8. [PMID: 36635763 PMCID: PMC9837967 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-01033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interest in the relationship between brain damage and social cognition has increased in recent years. The objectives of the present study were the following: (1) to evaluate and compare emotional facial recognition and subjective emotional experience in patients who have suffered a single ischemic stroke in the right hemisphere (RH) and in healthy people, (2) to analyze the relationship between both variables in both groups of subjects, and (3) to analyze the association between the cerebral location of the stroke and these two variables. METHODS Emotional facial recognition and the subjective emotional experience of 41 patients who had suffered a single ischemic stroke in the RH and 45 volunteers without previous cerebrovascular pathology were evaluated. RESULTS Brain damaged patients performed lower in facial emotional recognition and had a less intense subjective emotional response to social content stimuli compared to healthy subjects. Likewise, among patients with RH ischemic stroke, we observed negative associations between facial recognition of surprise and reactivity to unpleasant images, and positive associations between recognition of disgust and reactivity to pleasant images. Finally, patients with damage in the caudate nucleus of the RH presented a deficit in the recognition of happiness and sadness, and those with damage in the frontal lobe exhibited a deficit in the recognition of surprise, compared to those injured in other brain areas. CONCLUSIONS Emotional facial recognition and subjective emotional experience are affected in patients who have suffered a single ischemic stroke in the RH. Professionals caring for stroke patients should improve their understanding of the general condition of affected persons and their environment, assess for risk of depression, and facilitate their adaptation to work, family, and social environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nelson Andrade-González
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ,grid.464699.00000 0001 2323 8386Faculty of Medicine, Alfonso X el Sabio University, Villanueva de La Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Simal
- grid.411068.a0000 0001 0671 5785Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A. Matias-Guiu
- grid.411068.a0000 0001 0671 5785Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Escalonilla
- grid.411068.a0000 0001 0671 5785Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain ,grid.469673.90000 0004 5901 7501CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan J. Stiles
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ,IRyCIS, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain ,Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Holtmann O, Schloßmacher I, Franz M, Moenig C, Tenberge JG, Preul C, Schwindt W, Bruchmann M, Melzer N, Miltner WHR, Straube T. Effects of emotional valence and intensity on cognitive and affective empathy after insula lesions. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:4562-4573. [PMID: 36124830 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The insula plays a central role in empathy. However, the complex structure of cognitive (CE) and affective empathy (AE) deficits following insular damage is not fully understood. In the present study, patients with insular lesions (n = 20) and demographically matched healthy controls (n = 24) viewed ecologically valid videos that varied in terms of valence and emotional intensity. The videos showed a person (target) narrating a personal life event. In CE conditions, subjects continuously rated the affective state of the target, while in AE conditions, they continuously rated their own affect. Mean squared error (MSE) assessed deviations between subject and target ratings. Patients differed from controls only in negative, low-intensity AE, rating their own affective state less negative than the target. This deficit was not related to trait empathy, neuropsychological or clinical parameters, or laterality of lesion. Empathic functions may be widely spared after insular damage in a naturalistic, dynamic setting, potentially due to the intact interpretation of social context by residual networks outside the lesion. The particular role of the insula in AE for negative states may evolve specifically in situations that bear higher uncertainty pointing to a threshold role of the insula in online ratings of AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Holtmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 52, Muenster 48149, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Insa Schloßmacher
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 52, Muenster 48149, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Marcel Franz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Constanze Moenig
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Jan-Gerd Tenberge
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Christoph Preul
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Wolfram Schwindt
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bruchmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 52, Muenster 48149, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster 48149, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H R Miltner
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Thomas Straube
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 52, Muenster 48149, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, Muenster 48149, Germany
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9
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Dugré JR, Potvin S. The origins of evil: From lesions to the functional architecture of the antisocial brain. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:969206. [PMID: 36386969 PMCID: PMC9640636 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.969206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, a growing body of evidence has suggested that some individuals may exhibit antisocial behaviors following brain lesions. Recently, some authors have shown that lesions underpinning antisocial behaviors may disrupt a particular brain network during resting-state. However, it remains unknown whether these brain lesions may alter specific mental processes during tasks. Therefore, we conducted meta-analytic co-activation analyses on lesion masks of 17 individuals who acquired antisocial behaviors following their brain lesions. Each lesion mask was used as a seed of interest to examine their aberrant co-activation network using a database of 143 whole-brain neuroimaging studies on antisocial behaviors (n = 5,913 subjects). We aimed to map the lesion brain network that shows deficient activity in antisocial population against a null distribution derived from 655 control lesions. We further characterized the lesion-based meta-analytic network using term-based decoding (Neurosynth) as well as receptor/transporter density maps (JuSpace). We found that the lesion meta-analytic network included the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, ventro- and dorso-medial prefrontal cortex, fusiform face area, and supplementary motor area (SMA), which correlated mainly with emotional face processing and serotoninergic system (5-HT1A and 5-HTT). We also investigated the heterogeneity in co-activation networks through data-driven methods and found that lesions could be grouped in four main networks, encompassing emotional face processing, general emotion processing, and reward processing. Our study shows that the heterogeneous brain lesions underpinning antisocial behaviors may disrupt specific mental processes, which further increases the risk for distinct antisocial symptoms. It also highlights the importance and complexity of studying brain lesions in relationship with antisocial behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules R Dugré
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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10
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Lateralized deficits in arousal processing after insula lesions: Behavioral and autonomic evidence. Cortex 2022; 148:168-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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IMPAIRED VISUAL EMOTION RECOGNITION AFTER MINOR ISCHEMIC STROKE. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 103:958-963. [PMID: 34813741 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of impaired visual emotion recognition in patients who have suffered a minor ischemic stroke in the subacute phase and to determine associated factors of impaired visual emotion recognition. DESIGN A prospective observational study. SETTING Stroke-unit of a teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS 112 patients with minor ischemic stroke. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patients with minor stroke underwent a neuropsychological assessment in the sub-acute phase for visual emotion recognition by the Ekman 60 Faces Test and for general cognition. Univariable linear regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors of emotion recognition impairment. RESULTS In 112 minor stroke patients we found a prevalence of 25% of impaired visual emotion recognition. This was significantly correlated with impaired general cognition. Nevertheless 10.9% of patients with normal general cognition still had impaired emotion recognition. Mood was negatively associated. Stroke localization, hemisphere side and gender were not associated. CONCLUSION Impaired visual emotion recognition is found in about a quarter of patients with minor ischemic stroke.
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12
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Psychiatric sequelae of stroke affecting the non-dominant cerebral hemisphere. J Neurol Sci 2021; 430:120007. [PMID: 34624794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There are a plethora of cognitive sequelae in addition to neglect and extinction that arise with unilateral right hemispheric stroke (RHS). Cognitive deficits following non-dominant (right) hemisphere stroke are common with unilateral neglect and extinction being the most recognized examples. The severity of RHS is usually underestimated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), which in terms of lateralized right hemisphere cognitive deficits, tests only for visual inattention/extinction. They account for 2 out of 42 total possible points. Additional neuropsychiatric sequelae include but are not limited to deficiencies in affective prosody comprehension and production (aprosodias), understanding and expressing facial emotions, empathy, recognition of familiar faces, anxiety, mania, apathy, and psychosis. These sequelae have a profound impact on patients' quality of life; affecting communication, interpersonal relationships, and the ability to fulfill social roles. They also pose additional challenges to recovery. There is presently a gap in the literature regarding a cohesive overview of the significant cognitive sequelae following RHS. This paper serves as a narrative survey of the current understanding of the subject, with particular emphasis on neuropsychiatric poststroke syndromes not predominantly associated with left hemisphere lesions (LHL), bilateral lesions, hemiplegia, or paralysis. A more comprehensive understanding of the neuropsychological consequences of RHS extending beyond the typical associations of unilateral neglect and extinction may have important implications for clinical practice, including the ways in which clinicians approach diagnostics, treatment, and rehabilitation.
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13
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Sahraei I, Hildesheim FE, Thome I, Kessler R, Rusch KM, Sommer J, Kamp-Becker I, Stark R, Jansen A. Developmental changes within the extended face processing network: A cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Dev Neurobiol 2021; 82:64-76. [PMID: 34676995 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the field of face processing, the so-called "core network" has been intensively researched. Its neural activity can be reliably detected in children and adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, the core network's counterpart, the so-called "extended network," has been less researched. In the present study, we compared children's and adults' brain activity in the extended system, in particular in the amygdala, the insula, and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Using fMRI, we compared the brain activation pattern between children aged 7-9 years and adults during an emotional face processing task. On the one hand, children showed increased activity in the extended face processing system in relation to adults, particularly in the left amygdala, the right insula, and the left IFG. On the other hand, lateralization indices revealed a "leftward bias" in children's IFG compared to adults. These results suggest that brain activity associated with face processing is characterized by a developmental decrease in activity. They further show that the development is associated with a rightward migration of face-related IFG activation, possibly due to the competition for neural space between several developing brain functions ("developmental competition hypothesis").
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Sahraei
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Franziska E Hildesheim
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ina Thome
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roman Kessler
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gjøvik, Norway.,University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kristin M Rusch
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Sommer
- Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Inge Kamp-Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Stark
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Laboratory for Multimodal Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
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14
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Murugappan M, Zheng BS, Khairunizam W. Recurrent Quantification Analysis-Based Emotion Classification in Stroke Using Electroencephalogram Signals. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Le C, Finger E. Pharmacotherapy for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Frontotemporal Dementia. CNS Drugs 2021; 35:1081-1096. [PMID: 34426949 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-021-00854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in the understanding of the frontotemporal dementias (FTDs), there remains no disease-modifying treatment for these conditions, and limited effective symptomatic treatment. Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is the most common FTD syndrome, and is characterized by severe impairments in behaviour, personality and cognition. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common features of bvFTD but are present in the other FTD syndromes. Current treatment strategies therefore focus on ameliorating the neuropsychiatric features. Here we review the rationale for current treatments related to each of the main neuropsychiatric symptoms forming the diagnostic criteria for bvFTD relevant to all FTD subtypes, and two additional symptoms not currently part of the diagnostic criteria: lack of insight and psychosis. Given the paucity of effective treatments for these symptoms, we highlight how contributing mechanisms delineated in cognitive neuroscience may inform future approaches to clinical trials and more precise symptomatic treatments for FTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Le
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Shi M, Liu S, Chen H, Geng W, Yin X, Chen YC, Wang L. Disrupted brain functional network topology in unilateral acute brainstem ischemic stroke. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:444-452. [PMID: 32705464 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the topological properties of brain functional connectome in unilateral acute brainstem ischemic stroke using graph theory. Fifty-three acute brainstem ischemic stroke patients, consisted of 27 left-sided and 26 right-sided brainstem stroke patients, and 20 age, gender, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to undergo a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan in this study. Graph theory analyses were then used to examine the group-specific topological properties of the functional connectomes seperately. The unilateral acute brainstem stroke patients and HCs all exhibited "small-world" brain network topology. The functional connectome of the left brainstem stroke patients showed significant differences in all topological properties while the right brainstem stroke patients showed a significant increase in clustering coefficient Cp (p < 0.001) and local efficiency Elocal (p < 0.001), and a significantly decrease in normalized clustering coefficient γ (p < 0.001) and global efficiency Eglobal (p < 0.001), suggesting both a shift toward regular networks. At the nodal level, abnormal nodal centralities were mainly observed in the defaut mode network, subcortical network, frontal and occipital lobe. The findings of disrupted topological properties of functional brain networks may help better understanding the disease characterization and innovation in management for acute brainstem ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengye Shi
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Huiyou Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Wen Geng
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xindao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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17
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de Souza MDFD, Cardoso MGDF, Vieira ÉLM, Rocha NP, Vieira THFE, Pessoa AE, Pedroso VSP, Rachid MA, de Souza LC, Teixeira AL, Mourão AM, de Miranda AS. Clinical correlates of social cognition after an ischemic stroke: preliminary findings. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:223-229. [PMID: 34345364 PMCID: PMC8283877 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of post-stroke behavioral disorders and cognitive impairment has been extensively investigated. However, studies usually do not include social cognition among the assessed cognitive domains. Objective To investigate the potential association between facial emotion recognition, a measure of social cognition, and behavioral and cognitive symptoms in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Methods Patients admitted to a Stroke Unit with ischemic stroke were followed up to 60 days. At this time point, they were evaluated with the following tools: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB); Visual Memory Test of the Brief Cognitive Battery (VMT); Phonemic Verbal Fluency (F-A-S Test); Digit Span; Facial Emotion Recognition Test (FERT) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A control group composed of 21 healthy individuals also underwent the same evaluation. Results Eighteen patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. They had similar age, sex and schooling years compared to controls. Depression symptoms and episodic memory deficits were significantly more frequent in patients compared to controls. The recognition of sadness expression positively correlated with the levels of anxiety and depression, while and the recognition of fear expression negatively correlated with depression in the stroke group. Conclusions After an ischemic stroke, patients exhibit impairment in social cognition skills, specifically facial emotion recognition, in association with behavioral symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Fátima Dias de Souza
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maíra Glória de Freitas Cardoso
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natália Pessoa Rocha
- The Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston - Houston, TX, USA
| | - Talita Hélen Ferreira E Vieira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade Sete Lagoas - Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Sousa Pietra Pedroso
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cruz de Souza
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Santa Casa BH Ensino e Pesquisa - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston - Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aline Mansueto Mourão
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva de Miranda
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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18
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Paradiso E, Gazzola V, Keysers C. Neural mechanisms necessary for empathy-related phenomena across species. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 68:107-115. [PMID: 33756399 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The neural basis of empathy and prosociality has received much interest over the past decades. Neuroimaging studies localized a network of brain regions with activity that correlates with empathy. Here, we review how the emergence of rodent and nonhuman primate models of empathy-related phenomena supplements human lesion and neuromodulation studies providing evidence that activity in several nodes is necessary for these phenomena to occur. We review proof that (i) affective states triggered by the emotions of others, (ii) motivations to act in ways that benefit others, and (iii) emotion recognition can be altered by perturbing brain activity in many nodes identified by human neuroimaging, with strongest evidence for the cingulate and the amygdala. We also include evidence that manipulations of the oxytocin system and analgesics can have such effects, the latter providing causal evidence for the recruitment of an individual's own nociceptive system to feel with the pain of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Paradiso
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Valeria Gazzola
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Christian Keysers
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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19
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Heilman KM. Disorders of facial emotional expression and comprehension. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 183:99-108. [PMID: 34389127 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822290-4.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important means of communicating emotions is by facial expressions. About 30-40 years ago, several studies examined patients with right and left hemisphere strokes for deficits in expressing and comprehending emotional facial expressions. The participants with right- or left-hemispheric strokes attempted to determine if two different actors were displaying the same or different emotions, to name the different emotions being displayed, and to select the face displaying an emotion named by the examiner. Investigators found that the right hemisphere-damaged group was impaired on all these emotional facial tests and that this deficit was not solely related to visuoperceptual processing defects. Further studies revealed that the patients who were impaired at recognizing emotional facial expressions and who had lost these visual representations of emotional faces often had damage to their right parietal lobe and their right somatosensory cortex. Injury to the cerebellum has been reported to impair emotional facial recognition, as have dementing diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, traumatic brain injuries, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Patients with right hemisphere injury are also more impaired than left-hemisphere-damaged patients when attempting to voluntarily produce facial emotional expressions and in their spontaneous expression of emotions in response to stimuli. This impairment does not appear to be induced by emotional conceptual deficits or an inability to experience emotions. Many of the disorders that cause impairments of comprehension of affective facial expressions also impair facial emotional expression. Treating the underlying disease may help patients with impairments of facial emotion recognition and expression, but unfortunately, there have not been many studies of rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Heilman
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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20
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Gainotti G. Unconscious processing of emotions and the right hemisphere. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 183:27-46. [PMID: 34389122 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822290-4.00003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many influential authors maintain that, even if emotions are conscious experiences, the processing of information that produces emotions is usually unconscious. This chapter discusses the nonconscious aspects of emotional processing and the critical role played in them by the right hemisphere. This chapter first reviews the studies that have demonstrated the existence of unconscious or subconscious forms of emotional processing and then discusses the data supporting the hypothesis that the right hemisphere is dominant for the processing of emotions. After these topics are reviewed, the chapter will discuss investigations that have shown that the right and left amygdala have different roles in the processing of emotional stimuli, the former being involved in nonconscious and the latter in conscious forms of emotional learning. This chapter will also address the distinction proposed by Freud between "removed" and "nonremoved" forms of unconscious processing and will consider whether "nonremoved preverbal implicit memories" have a preferential link with the right hemisphere. The possibility that the right hemisphere may play a critical role not only in the formation of nonremoved subconscious memories but also in the development of denial phenomena, resulting from dynamic processes of unconscious repression, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gainotti
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Aben HP, Visser-Meily JM, Biessels GJ, de Kort PL, Spikman JM. High occurrence of impaired emotion recognition after ischemic stroke. Eur Stroke J 2020; 5:262-270. [PMID: 33072880 DOI: 10.1177/2396987320918132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Deficits of emotion recognition after ischemic stroke are often overlooked by clinicians, and are mostly not spontaneously reported by patients. However, impaired emotion recognition after stroke negatively affects the ability to return to work and the quality of life. It is still unknown how often impairments of emotion recognition occur shortly after ischemic stroke. We aimed to estimate the occurrence of impaired emotion recognition after ischemic stroke and to characterise these patients with impaired emotion recognition. Patients and methods Two hundred thirty patients were included, derived from a prospective study of cognitive recovery. Five weeks after ischemic stroke a neuropsychological assessment was performed, including an emotion recognition task (i.e. Ekman 60-faces test). Emotion recognition was regarded as impaired if the total score was below the fifth percentile for a large independent reference sample. Results Emotion recognition was impaired in 33.5% of patients. Patients with impaired emotion recognition were more likely to have an abnormal Montreal Cognitive Assessment during hospitalisation, and 5 weeks after their stroke, a higher proportion of them had a vascular cognitive disorder (VCD). Even 20% of patients without VCD had impaired emotion recognition.Discussion: Emotion recognition was often impaired after ischemic stroke. This is clinically relevant, since impaired emotion recognition negatively impacts social functioning.Conclusion: Even when there was no cognitive disorder in traditional cognitive domains, emotion recognition was impaired in 1 out of 5 patients. Clinicians should systematically ask patients and their caregivers about deficits in emotion recognition, and, if needed, test for these deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo P Aben
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna Ma Visser-Meily
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Lm de Kort
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Jacoba M Spikman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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22
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Pralus A, Belfi A, Hirel C, Lévêque Y, Fornoni L, Bigand E, Jung J, Tranel D, Nighoghossian N, Tillmann B, Caclin A. Recognition of musical emotions and their perceived intensity after unilateral brain damage. Cortex 2020; 130:78-93. [PMID: 32645502 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
For the hemispheric laterality of emotion processing in the brain, two competing hypotheses are currently still debated. The first hypothesis suggests a greater involvement of the right hemisphere in emotion perception whereas the second hypothesis suggests different involvements of each hemisphere as a function of the valence of the emotion. These hypotheses are based on findings for facial and prosodic emotion perception. Investigating emotion perception for other stimuli, such as music, should provide further insight and potentially help to disentangle between these two hypotheses. The present study investigated musical emotion perception in patients with unilateral right brain damage (RBD, n = 16) or left brain damage (LBD, n = 16), as well as in matched healthy comparison participants (n = 28). The experimental task required explicit recognition of musical emotions as well as ratings on the perceived intensity of the emotion. Compared to matched comparison participants, musical emotion recognition was impaired only in LBD participants, suggesting a potential specificity of the left hemisphere for explicit emotion recognition in musical material. In contrast, intensity ratings of musical emotions revealed that RBD patients underestimated the intensity of negative emotions compared to positive emotions, while LBD patients and comparisons did not show this pattern. To control for a potential generalized emotion deficit for other types of stimuli, we also tested facial emotion recognition in the same patients and their matched healthy comparisons. This revealed that emotion recognition after brain damage might depend on the stimulus category or modality used. These results are in line with the hypothesis of a deficit of emotion perception depending on lesion laterality and valence in brain-damaged participants. The present findings provide critical information to disentangle the currently debated competing hypotheses and thus allow for a better characterization of the involvement of each hemisphere for explicit emotion recognition and their perceived intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Pralus
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Amy Belfi
- Department of Psychological Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Catherine Hirel
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Yohana Lévêque
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Lesly Fornoni
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bigand
- LEAD, CNRS, UMR 5022, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Jung
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; CREATIS, CNRS, UMR5220, INSERM, U1044, University Lyon 1, France
| | - Barbara Tillmann
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Caclin
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon, France; University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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23
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Maza A, Moliner B, Ferri J, Llorens R. Visual Behavior, Pupil Dilation, and Ability to Identify Emotions From Facial Expressions After Stroke. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1415. [PMID: 32116988 PMCID: PMC7016192 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Social cognition is the innate human ability to interpret the emotional state of others from contextual verbal and non-verbal information, and to self-regulate accordingly. Facial expressions are one of the most relevant sources of non-verbal communication, and their interpretation has been extensively investigated in the literature, using both behavioral and physiological measures, such as those derived from visual activity and visual responses. The decoding of facial expressions of emotion is performed by conscious and unconscious cognitive processes that involve a complex brain network that can be damaged after cerebrovascular accidents. A diminished ability to identify facial expressions of emotion has been reported after stroke, which has traditionally been attributed to impaired emotional processing. While this can be true, an alteration in visual behavior after brain injury could also negatively contribute to this ability. This study investigated the accuracy, distribution of responses, visual behavior, and pupil dilation of individuals with stroke while identifying emotional facial expressions. Our results corroborated impaired performance after stroke and exhibited decreased attention to the eyes, evidenced by a diminished time and number of fixations made in this area in comparison to healthy subjects and comparable pupil dilation. The differences in visual behavior reached statistical significance in some emotions when comparing individuals with stroke with impaired performance with healthy subjects, but not when individuals post-stroke with comparable performance were considered. The performance dependence of visual behavior, although not determinant, might indicate that altered visual behavior could be a negatively contributing factor for emotion recognition from facial expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Maza
- Neurorehabilitation and Brain Research Group, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Moliner
- NEURORHB, Servicio de Neurorrehabilitación de Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Ferri
- NEURORHB, Servicio de Neurorrehabilitación de Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Llorens
- Neurorehabilitation and Brain Research Group, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.,NEURORHB, Servicio de Neurorrehabilitación de Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain
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24
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Altered neural processing of negative stimuli in people with internet gaming disorder: fMRI evidence from the comparison with recreational game users. J Affect Disord 2020; 264:324-332. [PMID: 32056768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundant clinical studies have suggested that emotion dysregulation seems to be the essential pathogenesis for Internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, the neural mechanism of emotion regulation for IGD is still unclear. METHODS Subjective evaluation and fMRI data were collected from 50 subjects (IGD: 24; recreational game user (RGU): 26) while they were performing an emotion reappraisal task. We collected and compared their brain features during emotion processing of different visual stimuli. RESULTS Higher activation in the left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), right ventral ACC, left claustrum and bilateral insula was observed in participants with IGD during emotion reappraisal relative to that of the RGU participants. In addition, generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis also showed that IGD participants had stronger functional connectivity between the right insula and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) than the RGU participants. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that IGD participants could not down-regulate their negative emotional experiences as efficiently as the RGU participants, although they engaged more cognitive resources. These results reveal the special neural circuits of emotion dysregulation in IGD individuals and provide new neural perspective for the intervention of IGD.
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25
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Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Wenzel J, Haas SS, Ruef A, Antonucci LA, Sanfelici R, Paolini M, Koutsouleris N, Biagianti B. Modeling Social Sensory Processing During Social Computerized Cognitive Training for Psychosis Spectrum: The Resting-State Approach. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:554475. [PMID: 33329091 PMCID: PMC7716799 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.554475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Greater impairments in early sensory processing predict response to auditory computerized cognitive training (CCT) in patients with recent-onset psychosis (ROP). Little is known about neuroimaging predictors of response to social CCT, an experimental treatment that was recently shown to induce cognitive improvements in patients with psychosis. Here, we investigated whether ROP patients show interindividual differences in sensory processing change and whether different patterns of SPC are (1) related to the differential response to treatment, as indexed by gains in social cognitive neuropsychological tests and (2) associated with unique resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). Methods: Twenty-six ROP patients completed 10 h of CCT over the period of 4-6 weeks. Subject-specific improvement in one CCT exercise targeting early sensory processing-a speeded facial Emotion Matching Task (EMT)-was studied as potential proxy for target engagement. Based on the median split of SPC from the EMT, two patient groups were created. Resting-state activity was collected at baseline, and bold time series were extracted from two major default mode network (DMN) hubs: left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Seed rsFC analysis was performed using standardized Pearson correlation matrices, generated between the average time course for each seed and each voxel in the brain. Results: Based on SPC, we distinguished improvers-i.e., participants who showed impaired performance at baseline and reached the EMT psychophysical threshold during CCT-from maintainers-i.e., those who showed intact EMT performance at baseline and sustained the EMT psychophysical threshold throughout CCT. Compared to maintainers, improvers showed an increase of rsFC at rest between PCC and left superior and medial frontal regions and the cerebellum. Compared to improvers, maintainers showed increased rsFC at baseline between PCC and superior temporal and insular regions bilaterally. Conclusions: In ROP patients with an increase of connectivity at rest in the default mode network, social CCT is still able to induce sensory processing changes that however do not translate into social cognitive gains. Future studies should investigate if impairments in short-term synaptic plasticity are responsible for this lack of response and can be remediated by pharmacological augmentation during CCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Wenzel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Shalaila S Haas
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anne Ruef
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rachele Sanfelici
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Paolini
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Biagianti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of R&D, Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, CA, United States
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26
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Sheppard SM, Keator LM, Breining BL, Wright AE, Saxena S, Tippett DC, Hillis AE. Right hemisphere ventral stream for emotional prosody identification: Evidence from acute stroke. Neurology 2019; 94:e1013-e1020. [PMID: 31892632 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000008870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether right ventral stream and limbic structures (including posterior superior temporal gyrus [STG], STG, temporal pole, inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate, gyrus, and the sagittal stratum) are implicated in emotional prosody identification. METHODS Patients with MRI scans within 48 hours of unilateral right hemisphere ischemic stroke were enrolled. Participants were presented with 24 sentences with neutral semantic content spoken with happy, sad, angry, afraid, surprised, or bored prosody and chose which emotion the speaker was feeling based on tone of voice. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify individual predictors of emotional prosody identification accuracy from a model, including percent damage to proposed right hemisphere structures, age, education, and lesion volume across all emotions (overall emotion identification) and 6 individual emotions. Patterns of recovery were also examined at the chronic stage. RESULTS The overall emotion identification model was significant (adjusted r 2 = 0.52; p = 0.043); greater damage to right posterior STG (p = 0.038) and older age (p = 0.009) were individual predictors of impairment. The model for recognition of fear was also significant (adjusted r 2 = 0.77; p = 0.002), with greater damage to right amygdala (p = 0.047), older age (p < 0.001), and less education (p = 0.005) as individual predictors. Over half of patients with chronic stroke had residual impairments. CONCLUSIONS Right posterior STG in the right hemisphere ventral stream is critical for emotion identification in speech. Patients with stroke with damage to this area should be assessed for emotion identification impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Sheppard
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Lynsey M Keator
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Bonnie L Breining
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amy E Wright
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sadhvi Saxena
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Donna C Tippett
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Argye E Hillis
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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27
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Liang Y, Liu B, Ji J, Li X. Network Representations of Facial and Bodily Expressions: Evidence From Multivariate Connectivity Pattern Classification. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1111. [PMID: 31736683 PMCID: PMC6828617 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotions can be perceived from both facial and bodily expressions. Our previous study has found the successful decoding of facial expressions based on the functional connectivity (FC) patterns. However, the role of the FC patterns in the recognition of bodily expressions remained unclear, and no neuroimaging studies have adequately addressed the question of whether emotions perceiving from facial and bodily expressions are processed rely upon common or different neural networks. To address this, the present study collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a block design experiment with facial and bodily expression videos as stimuli (three emotions: anger, fear, and joy), and conducted multivariate pattern classification analysis based on the estimated FC patterns. We found that in addition to the facial expressions, bodily expressions could also be successfully decoded based on the large-scale FC patterns. The emotion classification accuracies for the facial expressions were higher than that for the bodily expressions. Further contributive FC analysis showed that emotion-discriminative networks were widely distributed in both hemispheres, containing regions that ranged from primary visual areas to higher-level cognitive areas. Moreover, for a particular emotion, discriminative FCs for facial and bodily expressions were distinct. Together, our findings highlight the key role of the FC patterns in the emotion processing, indicating how large-scale FC patterns reconfigure in processing of facial and bodily expressions, and suggest the distributed neural representation for the emotion recognition. Furthermore, our results also suggest that the human brain employs separate network representations for facial and bodily expressions of the same emotions. This study provides new evidence for the network representations for emotion perception and may further our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying body language emotion recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhong Ji
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianglin Li
- Medical Imaging Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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28
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Abbruzzese L, Magnani N, Robertson IH, Mancuso M. Age and Gender Differences in Emotion Recognition. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2371. [PMID: 31708832 PMCID: PMC6819430 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Existing literature suggests that age affects recognition of affective facial expressions. Eye-tracking studies highlighted that age-related differences in recognition of emotions could be explained by different face exploration patterns due to attentional impairment. Gender also seems to play a role in recognition of emotions. Unfortunately, little is known about the differences in emotion perception abilities across lifespans for men and women, even if females show more ability from infancy. Objective The present study aimed to examine the role of age and gender on facial emotion recognition in relation to neuropsychological functions and face exploration strategies. We also aimed to explore the associations between emotion recognition and quality of life. Methods 60 healthy people were consecutively enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: Younger Adults and Older Adults. Participants were assessed for: emotion recognition, attention abilities, frontal functioning, memory functioning and quality of life satisfaction. During the execution of the emotion recognition test using the Pictures of Facial Affects (PoFA) and a modified version of PoFA (M-PoFA), subject’s eye movements were recorded with an Eye Tracker. Results Significant differences between younger and older adults were detected for fear recognition when adjusted for cognitive functioning and eye-gaze fixations characteristics. Adjusted means of fear recognition were significantly higher in the younger group than in the older group. With regard to gender’s effects, old females recognized identical pairs of emotions better than old males. Considering the Satisfaction Profile (SAT-P) we detected negative correlations between some dimensions (Physical functioning, Sleep/feeding/free time) and emotion recognition (i.e., sadness, and disgust). Conclusion The current study provided novel insights into the specific mechanisms that may explain differences in emotion recognition, examining how age and gender differences can be outlined by cognitive functioning and face exploration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Magnani
- Adult Mental Health Service, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Ian H Robertson
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mauro Mancuso
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Italy.,Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Grosseto, Italy
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29
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Adams AG, Schweitzer D, Molenberghs P, Henry JD. A meta-analytic review of social cognitive function following stroke. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:400-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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