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Qin W, Shao L, Wang J, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xie S, Pan F, Cheng K, Ma L, Chen Y, Song J, Gao D, Chen Z, Yang W, Zhu R, Su H. Persistence of antibodies 5 years after hepatitis B vaccination in preterm birth children: A retrospective cohort study using real-world data. J Viral Hepat 2024; 31:143-150. [PMID: 38235846 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies did not provide substantial evidence for long-term immune persistence after the hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) in preterm birth (PTB) children. Consequently, there is ongoing controversy surrounding the booster immunization strategy for these children. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the disparities in immune persistence between PTB children and full-term children. A total of 1027 participants were enrolled in this study, including 505 PTB children in the exposure group and 522 full-term children in the control group. The negative rate of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) in the PTB group was significantly lower than that in the control group (47.9% vs. 41.4%, p = .035). The risk of HBsAb-negative in the exposure group was 1.5 times higher than that in the control group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-2.0). The geometric mean concentration (GMC) of HBsAb was much lower for participants in the exposure group compared to participants in the control group (9.3 vs. 12.4 mIU/mL, p = .029). Subgroup analysis showed that the very preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) and the preterm low birth weight infants (birth weight <2000 g) had relatively low GMC levels of 3.2 mIU/mL (95% CI: 0.9-11.1) and 7.9 mIU/mL (95% CI: 4.2-14.8), respectively. Our findings demonstrated that PTB had a significant impact on the long-term persistence of HBsAb after HepB vaccination. The very preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) and the preterm low birth weight infants (birth weight <2000 g) may be special populations that should be given priority for HepB booster vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Blood Purification Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaqing Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaoyu Xie
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Liguo Ma
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dawei Gao
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Lu'an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Qin W, Wang Y, Zhang X, Pan F, Cheng K, Sui H, Xie S. A retrospective study of hepatitis B vaccination in preterm birth and low birth weight infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers: Time to close the policy-practice gap. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2155390. [PMID: 36514905 PMCID: PMC9891671 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2155390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
National Immunization Program-version 2016 (ISIV-NIP-v2016) recommended a 4-dose hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) schedule for preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. However, the implementation of this immunization strategy in the past five years has not been fully evaluated in China. We reviewed the data of pregnant women and live-born infants from 24 hospitals between 2016 and 2021 in Lu'an, Anhui province, to estimate the prevalence of PTB, LBW, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected pregnant women. We analyzed the vaccination status of HepB and HBIG among PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. A total of 160 222 pregnant women and 159 613 live-born infants were included in this study. The estimated prevalence of PTB, LBW and HBV-infected pregnant women was 3.86% (range: 3.28%-5.10%), 2.77% (range: 2.12%-3.66%), and 3.27% (range: 3.03%-3.49%), respectively. We screened 340 PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers between 2016 and 2020. We found that the coverage of HepB and HBIG among them was 100% and 99.39%. However, the timely vaccination rate of the HepB birth dose was only 78.59% and only four children (1.22%) received the 4-dose HepB as recommended by ISIV-NIP-v2016. The 4-dose of HepB for PTB and LBW infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers recommended by ISIV-NIP-v2016 was not fully implemented. A strong public health intervention should be taken to close the policy-practice gap in China in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaqing Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China,Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Haitian Sui
- Marketing Center, China Biotechnology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyu Xie
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu’an, Anhui, China,CONTACT Shaoyu Xie Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Lu’an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 409 Gaocheng Road, Lu’an, Anhui237000, China
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