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Ciribè M, Cirillo E, Mammone M, Vallogini G, Festa P, Piga S, Ferrazzano GF, Galeotti A. Efficacy of F-ACP-Containing Dental Mousse in the Remineralization of White Spot Lesions after Fixed Orthodontic Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1202. [PMID: 38927409 PMCID: PMC11200744 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fixed appliance (FA) therapy predisposes patients to white spot lesions (WSLs). The F-ACP complex (amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles enriched with carbonate and fluorine and coated with citrate) has been effective for in vitro enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the F-ACP complex in remineralizing WSLs after FA therapy. One hundred and six adolescents (aged 12-20 years) were randomized into study and control groups after FA therapy. Patients in the study group were advised to use dental mousse containing F-ACP applied within Essix retainers for six months. The presence of WSLs was recorded at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2) according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Visual Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) were recorded. Among 106 study participants, 91 (52 and 39 in study and control groups, respectively) completed the study. The results showed that the ICDAS score was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the study group than in the control group between T0 and T2. The application of mousse containing the F-ACP complex inside Essix retainers for six months is effective in remineralizing white spot lesions in patients after FA therapy without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Ciribè
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
| | - Erika Cirillo
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
| | - Martina Mammone
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
| | - Giulia Vallogini
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
| | - Paola Festa
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
| | - Simone Piga
- Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Unit, Medical Direction, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano
- UNESCO Chair in Health Education and Sustainable Development, Dentistry Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- U.N.—E.U. International Research Project on Human Health, Oral Health Section, 1200 Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Angela Galeotti
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.C.)
- U.N.—E.U. International Research Project on Human Health, Oral Health Section, 1200 Geneve, Switzerland
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Irmaleny I, Hidayat OT, Yolanda Y, Tobing EL. Comparative Evaluation of the Increase in Enamel Hardness Post-External Bleaching after Using Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and 5% Sodium Fluoride (NaF) Remineralizing Agents. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:619-623. [PMID: 36716785 PMCID: PMC11132757 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the increase in enamel hardness post-external bleaching after remineralized with casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) and the difference in increased enamel hardness between CPP-ACPF and NaF materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was true experimental in vitro using 30 samples of mandibular premolars. All samples were bleached using 40% hydrogen peroxide. The samples were divided into three groups of 10 samples each; group I as a control without application of remineralization material, group II was given an application of CPP-ACPF (GC Tooth Mousse Plus: GC Europe, Lot #201130B), and group III was given an application of 5% NaF (Clinpro White Varnish: 3M ESPE, Lot #NA62322) Then the entire samples were stored in artificial saliva. The hardness of the samples was measured using a Vickers hardness tester before bleaching, after bleaching, and after remineralization for 7, 14, and 21 days. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Analysis of the data used was an analysis of variance test to assess differences in the increase in enamel hardness between groups and paired t-tests and to determine differences in enamel hardness in each group. RESULTS This study showed that there was an increase in the enamel hardness after bleaching which was remineralized with CPP-ACPF and 5% NaF. There was a difference in the increased enamel hardness between teeth remineralized with CPP-ACPF and 5% NaF. The enamel hardness of CPP-ACPF was higher compared with 5% NaF after remineralization of 7, 14, and 21 days. CONCLUSION There was an increase in the enamel hardness after external bleaching that was remineralized with CPP-ACPF and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF). There was a difference in the increased enamel hardness between teeth remineralized with CPP-ACPF and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF). CPP-ACPF showed a higher enamel hardness value than 5% NaF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmaleny Irmaleny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Opik Taofik Hidayat
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yolanda Yolanda
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Thirumoorthy SN, Gopal S. White spot enamel lesions - is treatment or prevention the answer to this 'no win scenario'? Evid Based Dent 2024; 25:51-52. [PMID: 38365868 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-00986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
DESIGN Prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial. CASE SELECTION Participants between 12 and 25 years old, who were generally healthy, with 2 or more white spot lesions on the labial surface of anterior dentition. DATA ANALYSIS 79 patients who developed white spot lesions (WSL) on the labial surface of anterior teeth following orthodontic treatment were randomly assigned to 4 intervention groups. Group 1 received 5% sodium fluoride varnish every 6 months, the second group received CPP-ACP every 6 months, the third group was treated with resin infiltration at the initial visit followed by placebo every 6 months, and the final group which was the control group was coated with 1400 ppm fluoride toothpaste every 6 months. All the candidates were instructed to brush twice daily using a specific toothbrush and 1400 ppm fluoride toothpaste. The study lasted for 12 months, and photographs of the teeth with WSL were taken before and after completion of the intervention. Photographs were analyzed using ImageJ software to compare the changes in the percentage of WSL area to total tooth surface area among the four study groups. The distribution differences among groups were compared using nonparametric tests and differences between baseline and 1-year follow-up parameters were analyzed using paired chi-square tests. RESULTS Reduction in the area of WSL were noted in all groups, with different levels of significance. The percentage reduction was 46.62% in the resin infiltration group and it was significantly higher than the remaining interventions. Fluoride varnish group had 26.57% reduction, the CPP-ACP group had 28.64% reduction and the control group had 29.75% reduction in the WSL area. Plaque index was noted to have significant correlation with the change in WSL area with higher plaque index scores demonstrating lesser reduction in WSL. CONCLUSIONS The study found that resin infiltration significantly reduced the WSL area after 1-year follow-up. Fluoride toothpaste with or without CPP-ACP and fluoride varnish produced some therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saumiya Gopal
- Dept of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Kerala, India
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AlBuraiki MJ, Ingle NA, Baseer MA, Al Mugeiren OM, Minervini G. Long term remineralizing effect of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate in white spot lesions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:1239-1254. [PMID: 37599550 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White spot lesions (WSLs) appear as white, opaque areas on the teeth and are caused by a demineralization of the enamel. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) has beneficial effects on WSLs and provides remineralizing benefits that are superior to those of placebo or no treatment. METHODS Following a thorough analysis of the literature across major online sources, 103 papers - 54 of which underwent in-depth evaluation - were found. We used inclusion and exclusion criteria to choose research articles that were appropriate for our review. RESULTS 10 papers met this review's requirements and were subsequently included. As compared to the controls, CPP-ACP demonstrated increased efficacy in treatment of WSLs in terms of remineralisation and other parameters which included microhardness tests and enamel surface roughness. The forest plots present the results of meta-analyses comparing the effect of CPP-ACP versus control/other agents on white spot lesions (WSLs). In terms of odds ratios (OR), CPP-ACP showed a small increase in the odds of WSLs compared to control/other agents. In-vitro studies showed no significant difference in relative risk (RR) between CPP-ACP and control/other agents. Randomized control trials indicated a small increase in the risk of WSLs with CPP-ACP treatment, but the overall effect was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION There was evidence to support the use of CPP-ACP over other agents for WSL prevention or treatment, but further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Jehad AlBuraiki
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Navin Anand Ingle
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abdul Baseer
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah M Al Mugeiren
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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Alibrandi A, Zirilli A, Loschiavo F, Gangemi MC, Sindoni A, Tribulato G, Lo Giudice R, Famà F. Food Selectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Statistical Analysis in Southern Italy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1553. [PMID: 37761514 PMCID: PMC10527699 DOI: 10.3390/children10091553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and food selectivity, both of which are prevalent in the pediatric population. In this context, the authors paid attention to food selectivity and its possible correlation with the atypicality of sensory processes, outlining the useful rehabilitation treatments to draw on. This research included the parents or caregivers of pediatric patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and placed within a therapeutic clinic. The sample is composed of 111 children, males and females, aged between 2 and 10 years, and includes 60 children diagnosed with autism and 51 children with normotypical development, similar in characteristics but without the disorder. The standardized questionnaire, "Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory", was developed to examine behavior during meals, especially in children with ASD. The "Brief Sensory Profile", and the "Child Oral and Motor Proficiency Scale", were also administered. The results obtained from the analysis lead to evidence of eating and food selectivity difficulty. Additionally, our study demonstrates that food selectivity can be caused by extreme sensory modulation and sensory problems related to the smell, texture, color, and temperature of food. In fact, the results obtained emphasize the correlation between food selectivity and the sensory domains of taste and smell. Furthermore, this research highlights a correlation between motor skills and eating skills, particularly regarding food selectivity, which is closely associated with atypical and disruptive behaviors during meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (A.Z.)
| | - Agata Zirilli
- Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (A.Z.)
| | | | | | - Alessandro Sindoni
- New Hospital of Prato S. Stefano, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 59100 Prato, Italy;
| | - Graziella Tribulato
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Fausto Famà
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.T.); (F.F.)
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Puleio F, Di Spirito F, Lo Giudice G, Pantaleo G, Rizzo D, Lo Giudice R. Long-Term Chromatic Durability of White Spot Lesions through Employment of Infiltration Resin Treatment. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040749. [PMID: 37109707 PMCID: PMC10146668 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: White spot lesions (WSLs) denote regions of subsurface demineralization on the enamel that manifest as opaque and milky-white regions. Treatment for WSLs is essential for both clinical and aesthetic reasons. Resin infiltration has been identified as the most efficacious solution for alleviating WSLs, but studies with long-term monitoring are scarce. The aim of this clinical study is to assess the color change stability of the lesion after four years of implementing the resin infiltration technique. Materials and Methods: Forty non-cavity and unrestored white spot lesions (WSLs) were treated with the resin infiltration technique. The color of the WSLs and adjacent healthy enamel (SAE) was assessed using a spectrophotometer at T0 (baseline), T1 (after treatment), T2 (1 year after) and T3 (4 years after). The Wilcoxon test was utilized to determine the significance of the variation of color (ΔE) between WSLs and SAE over the observed time periods. Results: When comparing the color difference ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T0-T1, the Wilcoxon test demonstarated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). For ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T1-T2 and T1-T3, the color variation was not statistically significant (p = 0.305 and p = 0.337). Conclusions: The study's findings indicate that the resin infiltration technique is an effective solution for resolving the appearance of WSLs, and the results have demonstrated stability for a minimum of four years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Puleio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84084 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Giudice
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Schola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84084 Baronissi, Italy
| | - David Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy
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Tosco V, Vitiello F, Monterubbianesi R, Gatto ML, Orilisi G, Mengucci P, Putignano A, Orsini G. Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040462. [PMID: 37106649 PMCID: PMC10135753 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the loss of mineral content in the enamel surface in early artificial lesions and to assess the remineralizing potential of different agents by means of SEM coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The analysis was performed on the enamel of 36 molars divided into six equal groups, in which the experimental ones (3-6) were treated using remineralizing agents for a 28-day pH cycling protocol as follows: Group 1, sound enamel; Group 2, artificially demineralized enamel; Group 3, CPP-ACP treatment; Group 4, Zn-hydroxyapatite treatment; Group 5, NaF 5% treatment; and Group 6, F-ACP treatment. Surface morphologies and alterations in Ca/P ratio were evaluated using SEM-EDX and data underwent statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Compared with the sound enamel of Group 1, the SEM images of Group 2 clearly showed loss of integrity, minerals, and interprismatic substances. Groups 3-6 showed a structural reorganization of enamel prisms, interestingly comprising almost the entire enamel surface. Group 2 revealed highly significant differences of Ca/P ratios compared with other groups, while Groups 3-6 showed no differences with Group 1. In conclusion, all tested materials demonstrated a biomimetic ability in remineralizing lesions after 28 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Flavia Vitiello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Gatto
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences (DIISM), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Mengucci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU) & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- National Institute of Health and Science of Aging (INRCA), 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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de Cerqueira GA, Damasceno JE, Pedreira PR, Souza AF, Aguiar FHB, Marchi GM. Roughness and Microhardness of Demineralized Enamel Treated with Resinous Infiltrants and Subjected to an Acid Challenge: An in vitro Study. Open Dent J 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v17-230223-2022-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:
Resinous infiltrating has proven effective in arresting incipient caries lesions.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the penetration depth of an experimental resin-infiltrant (75% - TEGDMA, 25% - Bis-EMA, 1% - EDAB, 0.5% camphorquinone), compare it with commercial infiltrant Icon®, and analyze the surface-roughness and microhardness of the resin-materials infiltrated into tooth specimens, before and after pH cycling.
Methods:
To assess penetration depth, sound third molar specimens were submitted to ten de-remineralization cycles for incipient carious lesion induction and were then randomly divided into 2 groups (n=3): (I) Experimental Infiltrant (EI) and (II) Commercial Infiltrant Icon (CI). After resin infiltration into specimens, qualitative Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy images were captured. For roughness and microhardness assessment, new specimens were demineralized, then randomly divided into two groups (n=20): (I) Experimental Infiltrant (EI) and (II) Commercial Infiltrant Icon (CI) and submitted to roughness and microhardness readouts at the following time-intervals: (T1) sound tooth, (T2) white-spot caries lesion, (T3) resin material that infiltrated, and (T4) resin material that infiltrated and was exposed to pH-cycling. In statistical analyses, generalized linear models of repeated measures in time were applied, with a significance level of 5%.
Results:
The experimental infiltrant penetrated the carious lesion and exhibited lower roughness values after its application, even after pH cycling, similar to the CI. The microhardness value of the EI group was significantly lower in the last three-time intervals evaluated compared to CI.
Conclusion:
Experimental resin infiltrant was efficient in penetrating white spot lesions and reducing surface roughness; however, it did not increase surface microhardness.
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Adel SM, El-Harouni N, Vaid NR. White Spot Lesions: State of the Art Biomaterials and Workflows used in Prevention, Progression and Treatment. Semin Orthod 2023. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:248-330. [PMID: 36096911 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry offers this review of the 2021 dental literature in restorative dentistry to inform busy dentists regarding noteworthy scientific and clinical progress over the past year. Each member of the committee brings discipline-specific expertise to coverage of this broad topical area. Specific subject areas addressed, in order of the appearance in this report, include COVID-19 and the dental profession (new); prosthodontics; periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; implant dentistry; dental materials and therapeutics; occlusion and temporomandibular disorders; sleep-related breathing disorders; oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and dental caries and cariology. The authors focused their efforts on reporting information likely to influence daily dental treatment decisions with an emphasis on future trends in dentistry. With the tremendous volume of dentistry and related literature being published daily, this review cannot possibly be comprehensive. Rather, its purpose is to update interested readers and provide important resource material for those interested in pursuing greater details on their own. It remains our intent to assist colleagues in negotiating the extensive volume of important information being published annually. It is our hope that readers find this work useful in successfully managing the patients and dental problems they encounter.
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Abstract
The selection of an accurate tooth shade has always been a challenging task for dental practitioners in restoring the natural appearance of teeth. Various factors can influence shade selection, such as different lighting conditions, clearness and opaqueness of teeth, eye fatigue, aging and color vision problems. It is imperative to have a sound knowledge about the concept of shades and its selection protocol for obtaining good esthetics outcomes. To attain the best esthetics, four elementary contributing factors are essential: exact position, shape, surface texture and shade. The current analysis focuses on several features of shade, sensitivity of shades, optical properties of the teeth, visual and innovative instrumental techniques for shade selection, protocols for shade selection and factors affecting dental shade selection.
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Toti Ç, Meto A, Kaçani G, Droboniku E, Hysi D, Tepedino M, Zaja E, Fiorillo L, Meto A, Buci D, Tanellari O. White Spots Prevalence and Tooth Brush Habits during Orthodontic Treatment. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020320. [PMID: 35206934 PMCID: PMC8872019 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
White spots (WS) are one of the most undesirable side effects in patients undergoing orthodontic therapy and are usually located around bracket bases and even detected under the molar bands. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate the WS lesion during orthodontic therapy and the correlation between WS and oral hygiene habits. Patients requiring orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance were screened for the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and 74 subjects were finally enrolled. Each patient received three examinations: at T0, the day of the application of the fixed appliance; at T1, three months later; and at T2, six months after treatment start. After calculating descriptive statistics, differences between groups were evaluated with an independent sample t-test. The first type error was set as p ≤ 0.01. The observed prevalence of WS lesions was 59.5% on T1 and 60.8% on T2. The most affected teeth result to be upper molars, lower left first molar, upper right central incisor and upper left lateral incisor, upper right canine, upper left first premolar, and lower right first molar. A higher frequency of daily tooth brushing was accompanied by a lower prevalence of WS. No significant effect of sex was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çeljana Toti
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (G.K.); (O.T.)
- Correspondence: (Ç.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Agron Meto
- Department of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1000 Tirana, Albania; (A.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Gerta Kaçani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (G.K.); (O.T.)
| | - Etleva Droboniku
- Department of Dental Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (E.D.); (D.H.)
| | - Dorjan Hysi
- Department of Dental Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (E.D.); (D.H.)
| | - Michele Tepedino
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Edlira Zaja
- Department of Public Health, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1000 Tirana, Albania; (A.M.); (L.F.)
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Aida Meto
- Department of Dental Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (E.D.); (D.H.)
- Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (Ç.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Denada Buci
- Independent Researcher, 1000 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Olja Tanellari
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania; (G.K.); (O.T.)
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Prevalence of white spot lesions during clear aligner therapy: a systematic review. AUSTRALASIAN ORTHODONTIC JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoj-2022-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: To determine if an association exists between the prevalence of white spot lesions (WSLs) and orthodontic treatment using clear aligners.
Methods: Electronic databases were searched with no restrictions on year. Article selection criteria included human clear aligner studies conducted during the permanent dentition and with a full description of the applied technique and oral hygiene status.
Results: The search strategy resulted in a total of 4177 articles. After title and abstract screening, 156 relevant articles were identified from which five remained after the application of the exclusion criteria. The articles were mostly classified as having a low risk of bias.
Conclusions: Clear aligner therapy induces a lower development rate of new WSLs than orthodontic treatment by fixed appliances. In patients who have poor oral hygiene and/or existing WSLs, clear aligner treatment could be recommended.
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Reise M, Kranz S, Heyder M, Jandt KD, Sigusch BW. Effectiveness of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) Compared to Fluoride Products in an In-Vitro Demineralization Model. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14205974. [PMID: 34683566 PMCID: PMC8540000 DOI: 10.3390/ma14205974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the toothpaste Tooth Mousse compared to conventional fluoride-based versions in the prevention of enamel and dentin demineralization. Human enamel and dentin samples (n = 120 each) were exposed to artificial demineralization at pH 4.92. During the demineralization process, the samples in the test groups were periodically treated with Tooth Mousse (TM) containing casein-phosphopeptide -amorphous-calcium-phosphate (CPP-ACP) and Tooth Mousse Plus (TMP) containing amorphous-calcium-fluoride-phosphate (CPP-ACPF) to evaluate their protective properties. Fluoride toothpastes containing 1400 ppm amine fluoride (AmF) and 1450 ppm sodium fluoride (NaF) were applied in the positive control groups. Treatment with distilled water (group C-W) or demineralization without treatment (group C-D) served as negative controls. After the demineralization and treatment process, all samples were cut longitudinally and lesion depths were determined at six locations using polarized light microscopy. In TM/TMP groups (enamel: 80/86 µm, dentin: 153/156 µm) lesion depths were significantly smaller compared to the negative control groups C-W/C-D (enamel: 99/111 µm, dentin: 163/166 µm). However, TM and TMP compared to the positive controls AmF/NaF (enamel: 58/63 µm, dentin: 87/109 µm) showed higher lesion depths. The application of TM/TMP (89%/78%) during demineralization led to a reduced number of severe lesions compared to the negative controls C-W/C-D (100%/95%). In this study we demonstrate that Tooth Mousse is less effective regarding prevention of enamel and dentin demineralization compared to fluoride containing toothpastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (S.K.); (M.H.); (B.W.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefan Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (S.K.); (M.H.); (B.W.S.)
| | - Markus Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (S.K.); (M.H.); (B.W.S.)
| | - Klaus D. Jandt
- Chair of Materials Science, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Bernd W. Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; (S.K.); (M.H.); (B.W.S.)
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