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Ding D, Xu L, Wei Y. The Synthesis of α-Keto Acetals from Terminal Alkynes and Alcohols via Synergistic Interaction of Organoselenium Catalysis and Electrochemical Oxidation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4912-4917. [PMID: 35179035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an unprecedented electrochemical approach for the synthesis of α-keto acetals has been established from readily available terminal alkynes and alcohols. By merging the electrochemical and organoselenium-catalyzed processes, the desired products are obtained at room temperature in the absence of basic or metallic additives, with carbonyl and acetal motifs incorporated simultaneously across the triple bonds in a single operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xin-jiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xin-jiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xin-jiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832001, People's Republic of China
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2
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Paris TJ, Schwartz C, Sundall E, Willand-Charnley R. Rapid, One-Step Synthesis of α-Ketoacetals via Electrophilic Etherification. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14797-14811. [PMID: 34569793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a rapid, one-step synthesis of α-ketoacetals via electrophilic etherification of α-alkoxy enolates and monoperoxyacetals. Methyl, primary, and secondary α-ketoacetals were obtained in 44-63% yields from tetrahydropyranyl substrates; using methyl tetrahydropyranyl, alkyl tetrahydropyranyl, or methyl tetrahydrofuranyl peroxyacetals, however, methyl and primary products were isolated in 66-90% yields. The present method is applied to C-O bond formation at tertiary carbons, via alkyl and methyl peroxyacetals, with yields of 25-65%. Intermolecular "alkoxyl" transfer, from peroxyacetal to α-alkoxy enolate, relies heavily on decreased steric bulk surrounding the peroxide bond and site of etherification; additionally, we found the α-OCH3 group to be critical in ensuring product formation. α-Ketoacetals demonstrated excellent reactivity, as selective, nucleophilic attack at the unprotected carbonyl furnished α-hydroxy acetals in 80-100% yields; subsequent hydrolysis of the foregoing compounds provided α-hydroxy aldehydes in yields of 58-90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Paris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Chris Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Eric Sundall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Rachel Willand-Charnley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
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Shangpliang OR, Wanniang K, Kshiar B, Marpna ID, Lipon TM, Mizar P, Myrboh B. PTSA-Catalyzed Reaction of Alkyl/Aryl Methyl Ketones with Aliphatic Alcohols in the Presence of Selenium Dioxide: A Protocol for the Generation of an α-Ketoacetals Library. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:6035-6043. [PMID: 31459751 PMCID: PMC6649065 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach has been developed for the synthesis of a wide range of α-ketoacetals by the reaction of alkyl/aryl methyl ketones and aliphatic alcohols in the presence of selenium dioxide catalyzed by p-toluenesufonic acid. This method represents a general route to obtain a wide variety of α-ketoacetals in a simple, rapid, and practical manner. This approach is particularly attractive because of the easy availability of the starting materials, mild reaction temperature, and good yields of the products. The resulting α-ketoacetals are of much synthetic value as organic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Risuklang Shangpliang
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Kmendashisha Wanniang
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Baskhemlang Kshiar
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Ibakyntiew D. Marpna
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Tyrchain Mitre Lipon
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Pushpak Mizar
- University
of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Bekington Myrboh
- Centre
for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Mawlai, Shillong 793022, India
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4
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Nutting JE, Rafiee M, Stahl SS. Tetramethylpiperidine N-Oxyl (TEMPO), Phthalimide N-Oxyl (PINO), and Related N-Oxyl Species: Electrochemical Properties and Their Use in Electrocatalytic Reactions. Chem Rev 2018; 118:4834-4885. [PMID: 29707945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 530] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N-Oxyl compounds represent a diverse group of reagents that find widespread use as catalysts for the selective oxidation of organic molecules in both laboratory and industrial applications. While turnover of N-oxyl catalysts in oxidation reactions may be accomplished with a variety of stoichiometric oxidants, N-oxyl reagents have also been extensively used as catalysts under electrochemical conditions in the absence of chemical oxidants. Several classes of N-oxyl compounds undergo facile redox reactions at electrode surfaces, enabling them to mediate a wide range of electrosynthetic reactions. Electrochemical studies also provide insights into the structural properties and mechanisms of chemical and electrochemical catalysis by N-oxyl compounds. This review provides a comprehensive survey of the electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic applications of aminoxyls, imidoxyls, and related reagents, of which the two prototypical and widely used examples are 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxyl (TEMPO) and phthalimide N-oxyl (PINO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan E Nutting
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Mohammad Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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5
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One-pot synthesis of α-ketoacetals from aryl methyl ketones in the presence of selenous acid catalyzed by boron trifluoride etherate. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Ayala-Mata F, Barrera-Mendoza C, Jiménez-Vázquez HA, Vargas-Díaz E, Zepeda LG. Efficient preparation of α-ketoacetals. Molecules 2012; 17:13864-78. [PMID: 23174902 PMCID: PMC6268805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171213864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Weinreb amides 2a,b were prepared from the α,α-dimethoxyacetic acids 1c,d. A number of representative nucleophilic additions (RMgX and RLi) on 2 afforded α-ketoacetals 3a–j in 70–99% yield. These compounds represent a versatile arrangement of functional groups of significant synthetic value, as demonstrated in the synthesis of (±)-salbutamol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L. Gerardo Zepeda
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +52-55-5729-6300 (ext. 62412); Fax: +52-55-5396-3503
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Nasielski J, Garcia Y Abeledo ML, Nasielski-Hinkens R. A liposoluble cationic complex of Ru(II) based on 1,4,5,8-tetra-azaphenanthrene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19880971003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Ghelfi F, Roncaglia F, Pattarozzi M, Giangiordano V, Petrillo G, Sancassan F, Parsons AF. Atom transfer radical cyclization of O-allyl-2,2-dichlorohemiacetal acetates: an expedient method to dichloro-γ-lactones. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Adamczyk M, Johnson DD, Mattingly PG, Pan Y, Reddy RE. A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF α-KETOACETALS. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120013744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Adamczyk
- a Department of Chemistry (9NM, Bldg AP20-2) , Diagnostics Division , Abbott Laboratories , 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6016, U.S.A
| | - Donald D. Johnson
- a Department of Chemistry (9NM, Bldg AP20-2) , Diagnostics Division , Abbott Laboratories , 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6016, U.S.A
| | - Phillip G. Mattingly
- a Department of Chemistry (9NM, Bldg AP20-2) , Diagnostics Division , Abbott Laboratories , 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6016, U.S.A
| | - You Pan
- a Department of Chemistry (9NM, Bldg AP20-2) , Diagnostics Division , Abbott Laboratories , 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6016, U.S.A
| | - Rajarathnam E. Reddy
- a Department of Chemistry (9NM, Bldg AP20-2) , Diagnostics Division , Abbott Laboratories , 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6016, U.S.A
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Meade SJ, Miller AG, Gerrard JA. The role of dicarbonyl compounds in non-enzymatic crosslinking: a structure-activity study. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:853-62. [PMID: 12614870 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction is a complex network of reactions that has been shown to result in the non-enzymatic crosslinking of proteins. Recent attention has focussed on the role of alpha-dicarbonyl compounds as important in vivo contributors to protein crosslinking but, despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms of the crosslinking reaction remain open to conjecture. In particular, no relationship between the structure of the carbonyl-containing compounds and their activity as crosslinking agents has been established. In an effort to elucidate a structure-reactivity relationship, a wide range of dicarbonyl compounds, including linear, cyclic, di-aldehyde and di-ketone compounds, were reacted with the model protein ribonuclease A and their crosslinking activity assessed. Methylglyoxal and glutaraldehyde were found to be the most efficient crosslinkers, whilst closely related molecules effected crosslinking at a much lower rate. Cyclopentan-1,2-dione was also shown to be a reactive crosslinking agent. The efficiency of methylglyoxal and glutaraldehyde at crosslinking is thought to be related to their ability to form stable heterocyclic compounds that are the basis of protein crosslinks. The reasons for the striking reactivity of these two compounds, compared to closely related structures is explained by subtle balances between competing pathways in a complex reaction network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie J Meade
- Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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11
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Dayan S, Ben-David I, Rozen S. Oxidation of alkynes by the HOF.CH(3)CN complex. J Org Chem 2000; 65:8816-8. [PMID: 11112610 DOI: 10.1021/jo001101i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Dayan
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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12
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Bellesia F, De Buyck L, Ghelfi F, Libertini E, Pagnoni UM, Roncaglia F. 2,2-Dichlorination of Aldehydes with the 2,6-Lutidine·HCl/Cl2/CH2Cl2 System: an Environmentally Benign Process Suitable for Scale Up. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Effenberger F, Wonner J. Darstellung und Photochemie eines (Anthrylvinyl)thiophenfulgids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19921251133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Babler JH. An Expeditious Route to Monoprotected α-Keto Aldehydes with Control of Regiochemistry. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/00397918908050673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Keiko NA, Rulev AY, Kalikhman ID, Voronkov MG. Reaction of ?-ethoxyacrolein with alcohols: A new method of synthesis of acetals of methylglyoxal. Russ Chem Bull 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00959215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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