Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium potaninii

Brunodelphinone and Brunodelphinine a, two novel C20-diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Delphinium brunonianum Royle

A novel htisine-type C20-diterpene alkaloid with a benzoate skeleton Brunodelphinone (1), a novel htisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloid Brunodelphinine A (2), along with seven known diterpenoid alkaloids (3-9), four aporphinoid alkaloids (10-13), one β-Carboline alkaloid (14), and four flavonoid glycosides (15-18), were isolated from Delphinium brunonianum Royle. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses (including 1D and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses). The lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory activities of compounds were evaluated using the FFA-induced lipid accumulation in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs). Compound 2 significantly alleviated the FFA-induced lipid accumulation and suppressed the levels of ALT, TNF-α, and IL-6 in MPHs.

An overview of the chemical constituents from the genus Delphinium reported in the last four decades

Species of the genus Delphinium have been extensively used for different purposes by various civilizations worldwide since antiquity. Phytochemical investigations on Delphinium plants in the last four decades (1980-2019) have afforded a total of 453 new compounds, most of which are diterpenoid alkaloids. These constituents are of great research significance due to their novel structures and broad bioactivities. This review addresses, for the first time, the chemical constituents of Delphinium plants and the biological properties of these compounds to facilitate future research.

Norditerpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium pseudoaemulans C. Y. Yang et B. Wang

Eight previously undescribed norditerpenoid alkaloids, pseudophnines A-D, pseudorenines A-B, and pseudonidines A-B, together with ten known norditerpenoid alkaloids, tianshanisine E, sharwuphinine B, potanisine A, lycoctonine, delbruline, isondelpheline, delavaines A-B, and shawurenines A-B were isolated from the whole plant of Delphinium pseudoaemulans C. Y. Yang et B. Wang. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Additionally, no cytotoxicity was observed against A549 and HeLa cancer cells of these diterpenoid alkaloids when evaluated in vitro using the MTT method.

Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium aemulans

A new naturally occurring lycoctonine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloid aemulansine (1), together with ten known alkaloids (2–11), were isolated from the whole herb of Delphinium aemulans Navski. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. Compounds 1–10 were also evaluated in vitro for cytotoxicity against A549, Hela and MCF-7 cells using the MTT method.

Diterpenoid alkaloids

The lasting attention that researchers have devoted to diterpenoid alkaloids is due to their various bioactivities and toxicities, structural complexity, and intriguing chemistry. From 1998 to the end of 2008, more than 300 new diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Nature. This review focuses on their structural relationships, and investigations into their chemical reactions, synthesis, and biological activities. A table that lists the names, plant sources, and structural types is given along with 363 references.

New C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Delphinium potaninii var. jiufengshanense

From the roots of Delphinium potaninii var. jiufengshanense, two new lycoctonine-type C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids called jiufengdine (1) and jiufengtine (4) have been isolated. The structures of the new alkaloids (1, 4) were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra.