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Verma RP, Yadav A, Kumar V, Ojha BK, Chandra A, Verma R. Surgical Outcomes and Predictive Factor Analysis for Facial Nerve Preservation in Patients With Cerebellopontine Angle (CPA) Tumors: A Ten-Year Single Institutional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61756. [PMID: 38975511 PMCID: PMC11226413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the surgical outcome and predictive factors for facial nerve preservation in patients with surgically operated cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. Methodology Methodology Data were retrospectively retrieved from inpatient medical records of patients admitted with CPA tumors from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, at our institute. Epidemiological, clinical and radiological findings, histopathological types, surgical outcomes, and facial nerve function of these patients were recorded using a data-gathering tool. Results Out of 230 patients, 188 (81.7%) were diagnosed histopathologically with vestibular schwannoma (VS), 20 (8.7%) with meningioma, 15 (6.5%) with epidermoid, and 7 (3.1%) with other conditions. The most common clinical features were hearing loss in VS and headaches in meningioma and epidermoid. Preoperatively, 103 (44.8%) had grade 2, 68 (29.6%) had grades 3 or 4, and 8 (3.5%) had grade 5 facial nerve palsy, while post-operatively, 93 (40.9%) patients had grade 2, 83 (36.6%) had grades 3 or 4, and 6 (2.6%) had grade 5 facial palsy. Greater facial nerve preservation was observed in patients with tumor sizes <4 cm (p=0.0041) and in those who underwent near-total (NTR) or subtotal resection (STR) (p=0.0442). Excellent facial nerve outcomes (HB grades 1 or 2) were noted in patients who underwent intraoperative facial nerve monitoring (p<0.0001). CSF leak and meningitis were present in 3.5% and 2.2% of patients, respectively. The mortality rate was 6.1%, with a recurrence rate of 4.8%. Conclusion Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring, tumor size less than 4 cm, and extent of resection (NTR/STR) are predictive factors that significantly affect facial nerve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi P Verma
- Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Awdhesh Yadav
- Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Vijendra Kumar
- Neurosurgery, Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute and Hospital, Lucknow, IND
| | - B K Ojha
- Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Anil Chandra
- Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Rajat Verma
- Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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2
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Bagga IKB, Samal S. Physiotherapy Rehabilitation Following Acoustic Neuroma Resection in a Patient With Cerebellopontine Angle Tumour: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e54208. [PMID: 38496073 PMCID: PMC10942858 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acoustic neuroma excision in patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumours offers particular rehabilitation problems due to the complicated architecture of the cerebellum and brainstem tissues involved. CPA tumours (acoustic neuromas) are slow-growing tumours that arise from the vestibulocochlear nerve. Surgical excision of these tumours can cause neurological abnormalities that compromise motor coordination, balance, and facial nerve function. The case study emphasises the importance of a comprehensive physiotherapeutic approach in rehabilitating a patient following acoustic neuroma excision, with a focus on particular CPA tumour deficits. The rehabilitation programme focuses on improving functional outcomes through balance, proprioception, and vestibular rehabilitation that is customised to the demands and deficiencies of the patient. Our comprehensive approach seeks to improve patients' quality of life, promote neurological healing, and support easy reintegration into normal activities following CPA tumour surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwin Kaur B Bagga
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Subrat Samal
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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3
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Machetanz K, Roegele M, Liebsch M, Oberle L, Weinbrenner E, Gorbachuk M, Wang SS, Tatagiba M, Naros G. Predictive value of facial motor-evoked potential and electromyography for facial motor function in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:23. [PMID: 38240816 PMCID: PMC10799139 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-05927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) aims to preserve facial nerve (FN) function during vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. However, current techniques such as facial nerve motor evoked potentials (FNMEP) or electromyography (fEMG) alone are limited in predicting postoperative facial palsy (FP). The objective of this study was to analyze a compound fEMG/FNMEP approach. METHODS Intraoperative FNMEP amplitude and the occurrence of fEMG-based A-trains were prospectively determined for the orbicularis oris (ORI) and oculi (OCU) muscle in 322 VS patients. Sensitivity and specificity of techniques to predict postoperative FN function were calculated. Confounding factors as tumor size, volume of intracranial air, or IONM duration were analyzed. RESULTS A relevant immediate postoperative FP was captured in 105/322 patients with a significant higher risk in large VS. While fEMG demonstrated a high sensitivity (77% and 86% immediately and 15 month postoperative, respectively) for identifying relevant FP, specificity was low. In contrast, FNMEP have a significantly higher specificity of 80.8% for predicting postoperative FP, whereas the sensitivity is low. A retrospective combination of techniques demonstrated still an incorrect prediction of FP in ~ 1/3 of patients. CONCLUSIONS FNMEP and fEMG differ in sensitivity and specificity to predict postoperative FP. Although a combination of IONM techniques during VS surgery may improve prediction of FN function, current techniques are still inaccurate. Further development is necessary to improve IONM approaches for FP prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Machetanz
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Martin Roegele
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marina Liebsch
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Linda Oberle
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Eliane Weinbrenner
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mykola Gorbachuk
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sophie S Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marcos Tatagiba
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Georgios Naros
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
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Nathani HR, Fating T, Athawale V, Ratnani G. An Incidental Diagnosis of Dextrocardia on Chest X-ray During Routine Evaluation in Post-op Resection of Acoustic Neuroma Patient. Neurol India 2024; 72:202-203. [PMID: 38443041 DOI: 10.4103/neurol-india.neurol-india-d-24-00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh R Nathani
- Department of Community Health Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Jain V, Policeni B, Juliano AF, Adunka O, Agarwal M, Dubey P, Friedman ER, Gule-Monroe MK, Hagiwara M, Hunt CH, Lo BM, Oh ES, Rath TJ, Roberts JK, Schultz D, Taheri MR, Zander D, Burns J. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Tinnitus: 2023 Update. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:S574-S591. [PMID: 38040471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus is abnormal perception of sound and has many subtypes. Clinical evaluation, audiometry, and otoscopy should be performed before ordering any imaging, as the choice of imaging will depend on various factors. Type of tinnitus (pulsatile or nonpulsatile) and otoscopy findings of a vascular retrotympanic lesion are key determinants to guide the choice of imaging studies. High-resolution CT temporal bone is an excellent tool to detect glomus tumors, abnormal course of vessels, and some other abnormalities when a vascular retrotympanic lesion is seen on otoscopy. CTA or a combination of MR and MRA/MRV are used to evaluate arterial or venous abnormalities like dural arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous malformation, carotid stenosis, dural sinus stenosis, and bony abnormalities like sigmoid sinus wall abnormalities in cases of pulsatile tinnitus without a vascular retrotympanic lesion. MR of the brain is excellent in detecting mass lesions such as vestibular schwannomas in cases of unilateral nonpulsatile tinnitus. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Jain
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Bruno Policeni
- Panel Chair, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Amy F Juliano
- Panel Vice-Chair, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Oliver Adunka
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | | | | | - Mari Hagiwara
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher H Hunt
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Commission on Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
| | - Bruce M Lo
- Sentara Norfolk General Hospital/Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia; American College of Emergency Physicians
| | - Esther S Oh
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; American Geriatrics Society
| | | | - J Kirk Roberts
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; American Academy of Neurology
| | - David Schultz
- Evansville Primary Care, Evansville, Indiana; American Academy of Family Physicians
| | - M Reza Taheri
- George Washington University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Judah Burns
- Specialty Chair, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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Yun SY, Lee S, Kim MK, Choi JY, Kim JS. Cerebellopontine angle tumor presenting as vertical strabismus: differentiation of trochlear nerve palsy and skew deviation. J Neurol 2023; 270:1784-1786. [PMID: 36449082 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeon Yun
- Dizziness Center, Clinical Neuroscience Center, and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Seonkyung Lee
- Dizziness Center, Clinical Neuroscience Center, and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Min-Ku Kim
- Dizziness Center, Clinical Neuroscience Center, and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yoon Choi
- Dizziness Center, Clinical Neuroscience Center, and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ji-Soo Kim
- Dizziness Center, Clinical Neuroscience Center, and Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 173-82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Gerganov V, Petrov M, Sakelarova T. Schwannomas of Brain and Spinal Cord. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1405:331-362. [PMID: 37452944 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Schwannomas are benign tumors originating from the Schwann cells of cranial or spinal nerves. The most common cranial schwannomas originate from the eight cranial nervevestibular schwannomas (VS). VS account for 6-8% of all intracranial tumors, 25-33% of the tumors localized in the posterior cranial fossa, and 80-94% of the tumors in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Schwannomas of other cranial nerves/trigeminal, facial, and schwannomas of the lower cranial nerves/are much less frequent. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), intracranial and intraspinal schwannomas are classified as Grade I. Some VS are found incidentally, but most present with hearing loss (95%), tinnitus (63%), disequilibrium (61%), or headache (32%). The neurological symptoms of VSs are mainly due to compression on the surrounding structures, such as the cranial nerves and vessels, or the brainstem. The gold standard for the imaging diagnosis of VS is MRI scan. The optimal management of VSs remains controversial. There are three main management options-conservative treatment or "watch-and-wait" policy, surgical treatment, and radiotherapy in all its variations. Currently, surgery of VS is not merely a life-saving procedure. The functional outcome of surgery and the quality of life become issues of major importance. The most appropriate surgical approach for each patient should be considered according to some criteria including indications, risk-benefit ratio, and prognosis of each patient. The approaches to the CPA and VS removal are generally divided in posterior and lateral. The retrosigmoid suboccipital approach is a safe and simple approach, and it is favored for VS surgery in most neurosurgical centers. Radiosurgery is becoming more and more available nowadays and is established as one of the main treatment modalities in VS management. Radiosurgery (SRS) is performed with either Gamma knife, Cyber knife, or linear accelerator. Larger tumors are being increasingly frequently managed with combined surgery and radiosurgery. The main goal of VS management is preservation of neurological function - facial nerve function, hearing, etc. The reported recurrence rate after microsurgical tumor removal is 0.5-5%. Postoperative follow-up imaging is essential to diagnose any recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venelin Gerganov
- International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover, Germany
- University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment With Emergency Medicine N. I. Pirogov, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mihail Petrov
- University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment With Emergency Medicine N. I. Pirogov, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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8
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AlAnsari GA, Bukhari N, Abdulkader MM, Alotain I, Taha MS. Malignant anaplastic meningioma in neurofibromatosis type 1 patient: a rare case report. AME Case Rep 2022; 6:36. [PMID: 36339910 PMCID: PMC9634465 DOI: 10.21037/acr-22-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningiomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2), while gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). NF-1 is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with skin manifestations, bone conditions, and different types of benign and malignant tumors. Grade 3 anaplastic meningiomas are rare tumors with a poor prognosis. Systemic treatments in grade 3 meningiomas are experimental, with some reports suggestive of minimal clinical benefits. They are used occasionally for recurrent cases with no surgical or radiotherapy roles. In our case, we will focus the discussion on grade 3 anaplastic meningioma in a patient with NF-1, using chemotherapy for this aggressive, recurrent tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first case of NF-1 associated with malignant anaplastic meningioma in English literature. CASE DESCRIPTION In this case report, we present a 25-year-old left-handed female patient who fits the diagnostic criteria for NF-1. She presented with focal seizure and was diagnosed with grade 3 anaplastic meningioma, a highly aggressive tumor. She experienced a rapid recurrence after her initial surgery and eventually received multiple lines of treatments, including radiation and chemotherapy [temozolomide (TMZ)]. CONCLUSIONS Systemic therapy in grade 3 meningiomas is still experimental and may have a slight clinical benefit. As a result, further prospective, multicentric studies are needed to ascertain these outcomes. Patients should be included in prospective trials because of the poor prognosis and aggressive nature of grade 3 meningiomas. In addition, discovering specific molecular biomarkers will allow us to suggest an individualized treatment. This case suggests that the differential diagnosis of a mass in a patient with NF-1 should include tumors known to be associated with the syndrome as well as sporadic, unrelated neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada A. AlAnsari
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nedal Bukhari
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwah M. Abdulkader
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alotain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud S. Taha
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Sinai Khandeparkar SG, Fegade LA, Gogate BP, Talathi N. Primary malignant melanoma of the cerebellopontine angle: A rare entity. Indian J Cancer 2022; 58:621-624. [PMID: 34975105 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_360_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lokesh Ashok Fegade
- Department of Pathology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Wakad, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bageshri P Gogate
- Department of Pathology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Wakad, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikhil Talathi
- Department of Pathology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Wakad, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Yang JX, Aygun N, Nadgir RN. Imaging of the Postoperative Skull Base and Cerebellopontine Angle. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2021; 32:159-174. [PMID: 34809836 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
For pathologic conditions affecting the skull base and cerebellopontine angle, imaging techniques have advanced to assess for residual disease, disease progression, and postoperative complications. Knowledge regarding various surgical approaches of skull base tumor resection, expected postoperative appearance, and common postsurgical complications guides radiologic interpretation. Complexity of skull base anatomy, small size of the relevant structures, lack of familiarity with surgical techniques, and postsurgical changes confound radiologic evaluation. This article discusses the imaging techniques, surgical approaches, expected postoperative changes, and complications after surgery of the skull base, with emphasis on the cerebellopontine angle, anterior cranial fossa, and central skull base regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Xi Yang
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Nafi Aygun
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Rohini Narahari Nadgir
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Park MJ, Ahn JH, Park HJ, Chung JW, Kang WS. Diagnostic Validity of Auditory Brainstem Response for the Initial Screening of Vestibular Schwannoma. J Audiol Otol 2021; 26:36-42. [PMID: 34706492 PMCID: PMC8755440 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2021.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives : To investigate the diagnostic validity of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in the screening of vestibular schwannoma (VS). Subjects and Methods : Forty patients diagnosed with VS using magnetic resonance imaging who had undergone ABR before treatment between 2005 and 2015 were included. ABR results were considered positive when findings met at least one of the following criteria: 1) absent evoked response, 2) desynchronization of waves other than wave I, 3) interpeak latency (IPL) between waves I and III >2.5 ms, 4) IPL between waves I and V >4.4 ms, 5) wave V interaural latency difference >0.2 ms, and 6) interaural difference in IPL between waves I and V >0.2 ms. Results : The overall sensitivity of ABR was 85.0%. For tumors measuring <10 mm, the sensitivity of ABR was 66.7%, whereas it increased to 90.3% for tumors measuring >10 mm. The sensitivity of tumors confined to the internal acoustic canal was 73.3% compared with 100.0% for tumors confined to the cerebellopontine angle. In patients with serviceable hearing, the mean tumor size was 7.8±2.9 mm in patients with a normal ABR and 15.1±9.4 mm in patients with an abnormal ABR, indicating a significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusions : ABR alone is insufficient for the screening of VS, bearing the risk of false-negative outcomes when examining small, intracanalicular tumors. However, ABR can be inexpensively applied for the screening of VS measuring >10 mm in patients with serviceable hearing, supporting the need for further active diagnostic and treatment modalities in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marn Joon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Ho Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Ju Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Profant O, Bureš Z, Balogová Z, Betka J, Fík Z, Chovanec M, Voráček J. Decision making on vestibular schwannoma treatment: predictions based on machine-learning analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18376. [PMID: 34526580 PMCID: PMC8443556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Decision making on the treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is mainly based on the symptoms, tumor size, patient's preference, and experience of the medical team. Here we provide objective tools to support the decision process by answering two questions: can a single checkup predict the need of active treatment?, and which attributes of VS development are important in decision making on active treatment? Using a machine-learning analysis of medical records of 93 patients, the objectives were addressed using two classification tasks: a time-independent case-based reasoning (CBR), where each medical record was treated as independent, and a personalized dynamic analysis (PDA), during which we analyzed the individual development of each patient's state in time. Using the CBR method we found that Koos classification of tumor size, speech reception threshold, and pure tone audiometry, collectively predict the need for active treatment with approximately 90% accuracy; in the PDA task, only the increase of Koos classification and VS size were sufficient. Our results indicate that VS treatment may be reliably predicted using only a small set of basic parameters, even without the knowledge of individual development, which may help to simplify VS treatment strategies, reduce the number of examinations, and increase cause effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Profant
- grid.424967.a0000 0004 0404 6946Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Bureš
- grid.6652.70000000121738213Department of Cognitive Systems and Neurosciences, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University, Jugoslávských partyzánů 1580/3, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Balogová
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Betka
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Fík
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Chovanec
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Voráček
- Faculty of Management, Prague University of Economics and Business, Jindrichuv Hradec, Czech Republic
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Livingston AJ, Espahbodi M, Harvey SA, Albano K, Quinet SA, Bovi JA, Friedland DR. Gamma Knife Treatment of Vestibular Schwannoma Planned With Computed Tomography Cisternography. Adv Radiat Oncol 2021; 6:100631. [PMID: 33748544 PMCID: PMC7966823 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mana Espahbodi
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Steven A Harvey
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Katherine Albano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Stephen A Quinet
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph A Bovi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - David R Friedland
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Zemskova O, Skobska O, Malysheva O, Malysheva T, Pylypas O, Gudkov V. Technical considerations in a glossopharyngeal schwannoma. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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15
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Early S, Rinnooy Kan CE, Eggink M, Frijns JHM, Stankovic KM. Progression of Contralateral Hearing Loss in Patients With Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma. Front Neurol 2020; 11:796. [PMID: 33013614 PMCID: PMC7461819 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Introduction: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are the most common tumors of the cerebellopontine angle, typically presenting unilaterally with ipsilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The mechanism of tumor-induced hearing loss has recently been shown to be related to secreted tumor factors, in addition to mechanical compression of the adjacent auditory nerve, and these factors may percolate through CSF or blood to affect contralateral hearing as well. Methods: This is a retrospective study of medical records for patients treated for VS at Mass Eye and Ear from January 1994 through October 2018. Included patients had unilateral VS and sequential audiometry allowing for longitudinal assessment of hearing over time. Mass Eye and Ear's audiology database was used to select age- and sex-matched case controls, also with sequential audiometry, from the non-VS population. Subgroup analysis was performed by age, sex, baseline hearing, and tumor size at initial diagnosis. Hearing loss progression was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis to account for variable follow-up times. Results: A total of 661 patients were identified with VS and sequential audiometry. The population was predominantly female vs. male (368 vs. 293, p = 0.0035), driven primarily by younger patients with Koos 4 tumors (76 female vs. 49 male, p = 0.016). Patients with normal baseline hearing bilaterally (N = 241) demonstrated no significant difference in hearing loss progression in VS-contralateral vs. control ears. Patients with abnormal baseline VS-ipsilateral hearing (N = 190), however, demonstrated significantly higher likelihood of reaching moderate SNHL in VS-contralateral ears. Subgroup analysis by age, sex, and baseline tumor size did not yield any subgroup-specific trends for hearing loss progression. Discussion and Conclusion: This is the largest study to date tracking long-term bilateral hearing outcomes in patients with VS, and demonstrates that, in patients with abnormal hearing in the VS-ipsilateral ear, there exists a long-term risk of progression to moderate hearing loss in the contralateral ear as well. Combined with the absence of significant changes in word understanding in the affected ears, these findings may provide clues to the nature of tumor-secreted factors involved in VS-associated hearing loss. Female predominance within the VS patient population is confirmed, driven mostly by younger female patients with Koos 4 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Early
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Charlotte E Rinnooy Kan
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Maura Eggink
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johan H M Frijns
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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16
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Khaled M, Moghazy K, Elsaadany W, Eissa L. Additional diagnostic role of MRI spectroscopy, diffusion and susceptibility imaging in differentiation of CPA masses: our experience with emphasis on schwannomas and meningiomas. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-020-00256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
CPA masses are uncommon lesions and usually have quite distinctive imaging features. Still, diagnosis can be challenging in some cases, carrying a significant impact on the choice of treatment and surgical approach. The purpose of this study was to validate the usefulness of MRI spectroscopy, diffusion, and susceptibility in the characterization of CPA masses with the emphasis on the two commonest lesions: schwannomas and meningiomas.
Results
The study included a total of 27 cases: schwannomas (n = 12), meningiomas (n = 7), epidermoid cysts (n = 2), two chondrosarcomas (n = 2), arachnoid cyst (n = 1), glomus tumor (n = 1), a meningeal metastasis (n = 1), and an endolymphatic sac tumor (n = 1). DWI revealed: eight lesions showed low ADC (<1 × 10−3 mm2/s), 15 lesions with intermediate ADC values (1–1.8 × 10−3 mm2/s), and 4 lesions had high ADC (>1.8 × 10−3 mm2/s.) Meningiomas showed low to intermediate ADC values while schwannomas showed intermediate to high ADC values. A cut-off ADC value of (1 × 10−3 mm2/s) is statistically significant in the differentiation of meningioma from schwannoma. A myoinositol peak was in all 12 schwannomas and single meningioma while 6 meningiomas displayed alanine peak, with a very good statistical significance. Remaining lesions revealed non-specific spectra. SWI made in 18 lesions revealed signal voids in three schwannomas and glomus.
Conclusions
Though MRI features of CPA masses are distinctive in most clinical settings; MRI spectroscopy, diffusion, and susceptibility can provide highly informative additional data in problematic cases. An intermediate to high ADC value plus myoinositol peak and signal voids of micro-bleeds are highly suggestive of schwannomas. This is in contrary to meningiomas displaying low to intermediate ADC and an alanine peak with no micro-bleeds. The less common lesions revealed non-specific data.
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Bello HR, Graves JA, Rohatgi S, Vakil M, McCarty J, Van Hemert RL, Geppert S, Peterson RB. Skull Base-related Lesions at Routine Head CT from the Emergency Department: Pearls, Pitfalls, and Lessons Learned. Radiographics 2020; 39:1161-1182. [PMID: 31283455 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2019180118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Routine non-contrast material-enhanced head CT is one of the most frequently ordered studies in the emergency department. Skull base-related pathologic entities, often depicted on the first or last images of a routine head CT study, can be easily overlooked in the emergency setting if not incorporated in the interpreting radiologist's search pattern, as the findings can be incompletely imaged. Delayed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, or lack of recognition of skull base pathologic entities can negatively impact patient care. This article reviews and illustrates the essential skull base anatomy and common blind spots that are important to radiologists who interpret nonenhanced head CT images in the acute setting. The imaging characteristics of important "do not miss" lesions are emphasized and categorized by their cause and location within the skull base, and the potential differential diagnoses are discussed. An interpretation checklist to improve diagnostic accuracy is provided. ©RSNA, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernan R Bello
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Joseph A Graves
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Saurabh Rohatgi
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Mona Vakil
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Jennifer McCarty
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Rudy L Van Hemert
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Stephen Geppert
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
| | - Ryan B Peterson
- From the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Midtown Hospital, 550 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA 30308 (H.R.B., J.A.G., M.V., R.B.P.); Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass (S.R.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (J.M.); and Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark (R.V.H., S.G.)
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Kankane VK, Warade AC, Misra BK. Nonvestibular Schwannoma Tumors in the Cerebellopontine Angle: A Single-Surgeon Experience. Asian J Neurosurg 2019; 14:154-161. [PMID: 30937027 PMCID: PMC6417343 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_335_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The most common cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor is a vestibular schwannoma. Schwannomas account for 8.5% of all intracranial tumors and more than 90% of the tumors originate from the eighth cranial nerve, but one in five CPA tumors are not vestibular schwannoma. These tumors may have different manifestations and require different management strategies. Methods: We report 224 consecutive NVCPAT operated in the Department of Neurosurgery, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, by the senior author between 2001 and 2014 and discuss the different approaches and outcomes in NVCPAT. Results: The age range was 20–60 years and there were 129 females and 95 male patients. The clinical material consisted of 81 cases of meningioma (36.1%), 44 cases of epidermoid (19.64%), 34 cases of trigeminal schwannoma (15.17%), 26 cases of jugular foramen schwannoma (11.60%), and 39 cases of other tumors (17.41%). In nonvestibular schwannoma (NVS), symptoms and signs from cranial nerve VIII are less frequent and other cranial nerves and cerebellar symptoms and signs predominate. Conclusion: Symptoms and signs are different in NVCPAT from those found in patients with vestibular schwannoma. Hearing loss is not the predominant symptoms. Cerebellar signs and trigeminal dysfunction are more common. The most common approach used in the current series was retrosigmoid craniotomy. Gamma knife radiosurgery was a useful adjunct in a subset of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Kankane
- P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Basant Kumar Misra
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gammaknife Radiosurgery, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Juan JS, Basura GJ. Tinnitus Management in Lateral Skull Base Lesions. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2019; 80:125-131. [PMID: 30931219 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound in the absence of a physical sound source, is a complex problem with multiple etiologies. While most commonly presenting in a subjective fashion caused by measurable hearing loss, other etiologies including lateral skull base tumors that encroach on middle and inner ear structures can lead to phantom sound perception as well. In addition to discussing the basic background of tinnitus, here we also review current theories of etiology that include central auditory and nonauditory neural mechanisms and potential treatments that range from sound therapy to medications to cognitive and behavioral therapies and cranial nerve and brain stimulation. One main purpose of this article is to relate tinnitus causes to skull base tumors, surgical removal, and resultant sequelae, including damage to cranial nerves resulting in audiovestibular dysfunction. We also discuss the utility of microvascular decompression for both tumor and nontumor-associated tinnitus and the current literature regarding hearing preservation rates and tinnitus perception, where documented, with the three common treatment modalities employed for most lateral skull base tumors that includes watchful waiting with serial imaging, stereotactic radiosurgery and primary surgical resection using hearing preservation and hearing ablative approaches. The management of skull base tumors is a complex process that depending upon the approach and sequelae, may lead to manageable or worsening phantom sound perception that must be considered when discussing the multiple treatment options with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan San Juan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Gregory J Basura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Bilateral Internal Auditory Canal Metastasis of Colon Carcinoma Mimicking Neurofibromatosis Type II: A Case Report and Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2019; 127:381-386. [PMID: 30862585 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.02.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of cerebellopontine angle tumors are benign with a favorable prognosis. Metastatic tumors occurring in the cerebellopontine angle are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of colon carcinoma metastasis to the bilateral internal auditory canals. CASE DESCRIPTION A 59-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of binaural hearing loss. One year before admission, he was diagnosed with colon carcinoma and underwent surgical resection combined with chemotherapy. Physical examination showed complete hearing loss in bilateral ears and bilateral facial palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed nodules in the bilateral internal auditory canals. Middle-ear computed tomography demonstrated soft-tissue masses extending into the bilateral internal auditory canals. A diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type II was suspected. A unilateral surgical resection of the cerebellopontine angle tumor was performed. Postoperatively, the hearing loss and facial palsy remained unchanged. Pathologic examination showed metastatic, poorly differentiated carcinoma. The patient was diagnosed with metastatic colon carcinoma in the bilateral internal auditory canals. The patient refused radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The tumor progressed rapidly, and the patient developed dysphagia and choking 1 month later. The patient died of respiratory and circulatory failure 2 months after the surgery. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be aware of metastatic tumors in the internal auditory canals. Comprehensive clinicoradiologic evaluation should be highlighted. A history of malignancy and rapidly progressive hearing loss and facial palsy may suggest the diagnosis of metastasis to the internal auditory canal. The definitive diagnosis still depends on histopathologic examination.
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Reyes AJ, Ramcharan K, Alvarez M, Greaves W, Rampersad F. Large left posterior fossa meningioma presenting with quadriplegia in a woman with history of carbidopa-levodopa resistant parkinsonism. Neurol Int 2019; 11:7815. [PMID: 30996844 PMCID: PMC6444560 DOI: 10.4081/ni.2019.7815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A 56-year-old Afro-Trinidadian woman with a history of a carbidopa-levodopa resistance Parkinsonian-like syndrome for 2 years, presented with acute onset spastic quadriplegia and decreased responsiveness. Diagnosis involved clinical and MR-imaging correlation consistent with a large left posterior fossa meningioma. Surgical removal of the tumor led to complete reversibility of the neurological manifestations associated with cerebellar tonsillar herniation beyond the foramen magnum and mass effect on the brainstem, cerebellum and midbrain regions. Pathological findings were typical of a meningioma. This case demonstrates the association of a large left posterior fossa meningioma and carbidopalevodopa resistant parkinsonism in an Afro-Trinidadian woman who presented with acute onset acute quadriplegia and decreased responsiveness. This case reminds clinicians that patients with dopa unresponsiveness and/or acute neurological deficit or deterioration should be worked up for other possible causes and adds to the literature on the association of parkinsonism and intracranial space occupying lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Alvarez
- Department of Neurosu rgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital
| | - Wesley Greaves
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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Luryi AL, Michaelides EM, Babu S, Bojrab DI, Kveton JF, Hong RS, Zappia J, Sargent EW, Schutt CA. Reliability of clinical diagnosis of masses of the cerebellopontine angle: A retrospective multi-institutional study. Am J Otolaryngol 2019; 40:133-136. [PMID: 30717992 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the accuracy of pre-operative diagnosis of masses of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) when compared to surgical pathology. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. PARTICIPANTS Patients who underwent surgery for CPA masses at two tertiary care institutions from 2007 to 2017. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percent concordance between pre-operative and surgical pathologic diagnosis; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for predicted diagnoses. RESULTS Concordance between pre-operative diagnosis and surgical pathology was 93.2% in 411 sampled patients. Concordance was 57.9% for masses other than vestibular schwannoma. Prediction of vestibular schwannoma and meningioma had high positive (0.95 and 0.97, respectively) and negative (0.76 and 0.99, respectively) predictive values. Prediction of facial neuroma had sensitivity of 0.13 and positive predictive value of 0.25. Headache (p = 0.001) and facial weakness (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with different pathologic profiles. Hearing loss was associated with differences in diagnostic prediction (p = 0.02) but not with differences in surgical pathology (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Comparison between pre-operative predicted diagnosis and surgical pathology for cerebellopontine angle masses is presented. Vestibular schwannoma and meningioma were effectively identified while rarer CPA masses including facial neuroma were rarely identified correctly. Clinicians caring for patients with CPA masses should be mindful of diagnostic uncertainty which may lead to changes in treatment plan or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Luryi
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Elias M Michaelides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Seilesh Babu
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States
| | - Dennis I Bojrab
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States
| | - John F Kveton
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Robert S Hong
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States
| | - John Zappia
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States
| | - Eric W Sargent
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States
| | - Christopher A Schutt
- Department of Neurotology, Michigan Ear Institute, St. John Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 30055 Northwestern Highway, Suite #101, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, United States.
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Lin L, Chen X, Jiang R, Zhong T, Du X, Xu G, Duan Q, Xue Y. Differentiation between vestibular schwannomas and meningiomas with atypical appearance using diffusion kurtosis imaging and three-dimensional arterial spin labeling imaging. Eur J Radiol 2018; 109:13-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Surgical outcome in smaller symptomatic vestibular schwannomas. Is there a role for surgery? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:2263-2275. [PMID: 30229403 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-018-3674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is no consensus in the initial management of small vestibular schwannomas (VSs). They are routinely watched and/or referred for radiosurgical treatment, although surgical removal is also an option. We hereby evaluate clinical outcomes of patients who have undergone surgical removal of smaller symptomatic VSs. METHODS Patients with vestibular schwannomas (grade T1-T3b according to Hannover classification) were reviewed. Patients with symptomatic tumors who underwent surgery were evaluated. Their preoperative hearing status was based on the guideline of the committee on hearing and equilibrium of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) foundation. Their postoperative facial nerve function, hearing status, vestibular symptoms, and degree of tumor resection were assessed. RESULTS Thirty patients were selected for surgery via a retrosigmoid approach based on their age, symptoms, and their own decision-making after discussion of management options. Most patients presented with hearing loss. Seventeen patients had useful hearing preoperatively. Among them, 10 patients (59%) preserved useful hearing (class A or B) postoperatively. MRI at 1-year follow-up confirmed complete resection in 26/29 patients. Also, 29 patients (97%) had HB grade I-II, and 1 patient had HB III at 1-year follow-up. Except for 1 patient with CSF leak, 1 patient with delayed facial nerve palsy, and 2 patients with asymptomatic sigmoid sinus occlusion, there were no other new morbidities. CONCLUSION Although both observation and radiosurgery are valid options in the management of smaller size vestibular schwannomas, surgical treatment seems to offer a high rate of facial nerve preservation, a reasonable rate of hearing sparing, and a high total resection rate. Clinicians should consider surgical treatment as a valid option in the initial management of symptomatic small vestibular schwannomas in younger patients.
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Manjila S, Bazil T, Kay M, Udayasankar UK, Semaan M. Jugular bulb and skull base pathologies: proposal for a novel classification system for jugular bulb positions and microsurgical implications. Neurosurg Focus 2018; 45:E5. [DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.focus18106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEThere is no definitive or consensus classification system for the jugular bulb position that can be uniformly communicated between a radiologist, neurootologist, and neurosurgeon. A high-riding jugular bulb (HRJB) has been variably defined as a jugular bulb that rises to or above the level of the basal turn of the cochlea, within 2 mm of the internal auditory canal (IAC), or to the level of the superior tympanic annulus. Overall, there is a seeming lack of consensus, especially when MRI and/or CT are used for jugular bulb evaluation without a dedicated imaging study of the venous anatomy such as digital subtraction angiography or CT or MR venography.METHODSA PubMed analysis of “jugular bulb” comprised of 1264 relevant articles were selected and analyzed specifically for an HRJB. A novel classification system based on preliminary skull base imaging using CT is proposed by the authors for conveying the anatomical location of the jugular bulb. This new classification includes the following types: type 1, no bulb; type 2, below the inferior margin of the posterior semicircular canal (SCC), subclassified as type 2a (without dehiscence into the middle ear) or type 2b (with dehiscence into the middle ear); type 3, between the inferior margin of the posterior SCC and the inferior margin of the IAC, subclassified as type 3a (without dehiscence into the middle ear) and type 3b (with dehiscence into the middle ear); type 4, above the inferior margin of the IAC, subclassified as type 4a (without dehiscence into the IAC) and type 4b (with dehiscence into the IAC); and type 5, combination of dehiscences. Appropriate CT and MR images of the skull base were selected to validate the criteria and further demonstrated using 3D reconstruction of DICOM files. The microsurgical significance of the proposed classification is evaluated with reference to specific skull base/posterior fossa pathologies.RESULTSThe authors validated the role of a novel classification of jugular bulb location that can help effective communication between providers treating skull base lesions. Effective utilization of the above grading system can help plan surgical procedures and anticipate complications.CONCLUSIONSThe authors have proposed a novel anatomical/radiological classification system for jugular bulb location with respect to surgical implications. This classification can help surgeons in complication avoidance and management when addressing HRJBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Manjila
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, McLaren Bay Region Medical Center, Bay City, Michigan
| | - Timothy Bazil
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, McLaren Bay Region Medical Center, Bay City, Michigan
| | - Matthew Kay
- 2Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Unni K. Udayasankar
- 2Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Maroun Semaan
- 3Department of ENT, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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Kessler MM, Moussa M, Bykowski J, Kirsch CF, Aulino JM, Berger KL, Choudhri AF, Fife TD, Germano IM, Kendi AT, Kim JH, Luttrull MD, Nunez D, Shah LM, Sharma A, Shetty VS, Symko SC, Cornelius RS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria ® Tinnitus. J Am Coll Radiol 2017; 14:S584-S591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2017.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Case report: Odontalgia and facial pain. Br Dent J 2017; 222:645. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Patibandla MR, Panigrahi MK, Gurram PL, Thotakura AK, Kulkarni D. Morphometric analysis of posterior fossa in Indian CP angle acoustic schwannoma patients. Asian J Neurosurg 2016; 11:255-60. [PMID: 27366252 PMCID: PMC4849294 DOI: 10.4103/1793-5482.145308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the morphometry of posterior fossa in Indian CP angle schwannoma patients in order to know its influence on the extent of excision of the CP angle acoustic schwannomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred cases of cerebellopontine angle schwannomas treated surgically by the senior author and 20 controls between January 2006 and June 2011 were consecutively investigated with computed tomography (CT) using the high-resolution CT bone windows before surgery. Evaluation of anatomic parameters of the petrous bone and posterior fossa cavity were done in all patients and controls. Data were entered in Excel software and were analyzed using NCSS software. All possible regression analysis was done to select the important variables to be included in the model to predict the excision of tumor with these variables. A prediction model was developed defining the binary outcome as total excision or subtotal excision as dependent variable and the morphometric data and grading of tumor as independent variables. RESULTS Interpetrous distance (IP) is the distance between the two petrous apices. Sigmoid distance (IS) distance is the distance between the two sigmoid points. Sigmoid point is the point at which the scalloped impression of the sigmoid sinus straightens to join the occipital bone posteriorly. SAG is the distance between the mid IP point and the mid-point on the inner wall of the occipital bone. The PM angle was 47.8±4.14 degrees (38-58), the PA angle was 42.68±4.47 degrees (34-53), the IP distance was 2.07±0.13 cm (1.5-2.8), the sagittal diameter of posterior fossa was 6.22±0.73 cm (5.1-9.8) and the intersigmoid distance was 9.45±0.73 cm (7.4-11). There was no significant gender difference in the posterior fossa morphometry between patients and controls. Inter-sigmoid distance and the petrous-apex angle were more in the Indians when compared to the European population mentioned in the Mathies and Samii study. CONCLUSIONS The posterior fossa morphological parameters of the Indian and European population differ significantly. Inter-sigmoid distance and the petrous-apex angle were more in the Indians when compared to the Europeans. There is no significant gender difference in the morphometry of the Indians. There is no significant difference between the patients and the control groups. In our study the adhesions with surrounding structures along with the posterior fossa morphometry significantly affect the extent of excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohana Rao Patibandla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manas K Panigrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Paniraj L Gurram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Kumar Thotakura
- Department of Neurosurgery, NRI Academy of Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Dilip Kulkarni
- Department of Anasthesiology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Mason E, Rompaey JV, Solares CA, Figueroa R, Prevedello D. Subtemporal Retrolabyrinthine (Posterior Petrosal) versus Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to the Petroclival Region: An Anatomical and Computed Tomography Study. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2016; 77:231-7. [PMID: 27175318 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The petroclival region seats many neoplasms. Traditional surgical corridors to the region can result in unacceptable patient morbidity. The combined subtemporal retrolabyrinthine transpetrosal (posterior petrosal) approach provides adequate exposure with hearing preservation; however, the facial nerve and labyrinth are put at risk. Approaching the petroclival region with an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) could minimize morbidity. Objective To provide an anatomical and computed tomography (CT) comparison between the posterior petrosal approach and EEA to the petroclival region. Methods The petroclival region was approached transclivally with EEA. Different aspects of dissection were compared with the posterior petrosal approach. The two approaches were also studied using CT analysis. Results A successful corridor medial to the internal auditory canal (IAC) was achieved with EEA. Wide exposure was achieved with no external skin incisions, although significant sinonasal resection was required. The posterior petrosal was comparable in terms of exposure medially; however, the dissection involved more bone removal, greater skill, and a constricting effect upon deeper dissection. Importantly, access lateral to the IAC was obtained, whereas EEA could not reach this area. Conclusion An EEA to the petroclival region is feasible. This approach can be considered in lesions medial to the IAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Mason
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States; Center for Cranial Base Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jason Van Rompaey
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - C Arturo Solares
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States; Center for Cranial Base Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ramon Figueroa
- Department of Radiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Daniel Prevedello
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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Hooten KG, Oliveria SF, Sadrameli SS, Gandhi S, Yachnis AT, Lewis SB. Bilateral internal auditory canal gangliogliomas mimicking neurofibromatosis Type II. Surg Neurol Int 2016; 7:39. [PMID: 27127704 PMCID: PMC4838925 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.180300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gangliogliomas are rare low grade, typically well-differentiated, tumors that are composed of mature ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells. These tumors can appear at virtually any location along the neuroaxis but classically occur in the temporal lobe of young patients. In a small number of cases, gangliogliomas have presented as masses in the brainstem or involving cranial nerves. With the exception of vestibular schwannomas, bilateral tumors in the region of the internal auditory canal (IAC) or cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are exceedingly rare. Case Description: We report a case of a 58-year-old male who presented with hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral nonenhancing IAC/CPA tumors. Based on this finding, a presumptive diagnosis of neurofibromatosis Type II was made, which was initially managed conservatively with close observation. He returned for follow-up with worsening vertigo and tinnitus, thus prompting the decision to proceed with surgical resection of the symptomatic mass. Intriguingly, pathological study demonstrated a WHO Grade I ganglioglioma. Description: We report a case of a 58-year-old male who presented with hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral nonenhancing IAC/CPA tumors. Based on this finding, a presumptive diagnosis of neurofibromatosis Type II was made, which was initially managed conservatively with close observation. He returned for follow-up with worsening vertigo and tinnitus, thus prompting the decision to proceed with surgical resection of the symptomatic mass. Intriguingly, pathological study demonstrated a WHO Grade I ganglioglioma. Conclusion: This is the first reported case of bilateral IAC/CPA gangliogliomas. When evaluating bilateral IAC/CPA lesions with unusual imaging characteristics, ganglioglioma should be included in the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher G Hooten
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Seth F Oliveria
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Saeed S Sadrameli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shashank Gandhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Shore Long Island Jewish, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Anthony T Yachnis
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen B Lewis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Cerebellopontine angle meningioma mimicking vestibular paroxysmia. J Neurol 2015; 263:168-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics in a series of patients with non-vestibular schwannoma cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and intracanalicular (IAC) masses, who underwent microsurgery for presumed vestibular schwannoma (VS). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Tertiary neurotologic referral center. PATIENTS One thousand five hundred ninety-three patients underwent microsurgery for apparent VS from 2002 to 2013. Of these, 53 patients (3%) were discovered to have a diagnosis other than VS. INTERVENTIONS Middle fossa, translabyrinthine, and retrosigmoid craniotomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical presentation, radiologic analysis, and histopathology examination. RESULTS There were 17 facial schwannomas, 15 meningiomas, 9 hemangiomas, 6 lipochoristomas, 3 inflammatory reactions, and one each of lymphoma, glial heterotopia, solitary fibrous tumor, ependymoma, and a non-diagnostic mass. Excluding facial schwannomas, 23 cases were misdiagnosed as VS in the first half of the study period, compared to only 15 cases in the latter half (p = 0.09). Ninety-six percent of patients presented with some combination of sensorineural hearing loss, balance disturbance, and tinnitus. In the subset of patients with available preoperative MRI scans for retrospective review, only 4 of 28 patients had radiologic findings suggestive of pathology other than VS. The most common missed radiologic diagnoses were facial schwannoma, lipochoristoma, and meningioma. CONCLUSION A subgroup of patients with CPA and IAC masses who present with radiologic findings diagnostic of VS will have an alternative histopathologic diagnosis. Optimal radiologic imaging and experienced interpretation can improve diagnostic accuracy. The most common tumors that mimic VS despite ideal radiologic imaging are facial schwannomas, meningiomas, and hemangiomas.
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Abstract
Auditory processing can be disrupted by brainstem lesions. It is estimated that approximately 57% of brainstem lesions are associated with auditory disorders. However diseases of the brainstem usually involve many structures, producing a plethora of other neurologic deficits, often relegating "auditory symptoms in the background." Lesions below or within the cochlear nuclei result in ipsilateral auditory-processing abnormalities detected in routine testing; disorders rostral to the cochlear nuclei may result in bilateral abnormalities or may be silent. Lesions in the superior olivary complex and trapezoid body show a mixture of ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral abnormalities, whereas lesions of the lateral lemniscus, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate body do not affect peripheral auditory processing and result in predominantly subtle contralateral abnormalities that may be missed by routine auditory testing. In these cases psychophysical methods developed for the evaluation of central auditory function should be employed (e.g., dichotic listening, interaural time perception, sound localization). The extensive connections of the auditory brainstem nuclei not only are responsible for binaural interaction but also assure redundancy in the system. This redundancy may explain why small brainstem lesions are sometimes clinically silent. Any disorder of the brainstem (e.g., neoplasms, vascular disorders, infections, trauma, demyelinating disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, malformations) that involves the auditory pathways and/or centers may produce hearing abnormalities.
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Divito A, Keller JT, Hagen M, Zuccarello M. Vestibular schwannoma or tanycytic ependymoma: Immunohistologic staining reveals. Surg Neurol Int 2014; 5:158. [PMID: 25506503 PMCID: PMC4253034 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.144595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is a common location for primary tumors, most often vestibular schwannomas, and also meningiomas, dermoids, and a host of other neoplasms. Our case report illustrates how radiologic and histopathologic presentations of an unusual variant of ependymal neoplasm can be diagnostically challenging and how accurate diagnosis can affect treatment protocols. Case History: Our patient had a CPA mass that was a variant of ependymoma known as tanycytic ependymoma that mimicked vestibular schwannoma radiologically and during intraoperative pathologic examination. Diagnosis as a World Health Organization (WHO) grade II tanycytic ependymoma was supported by its appearance on evaluation of the permanent sections, its diffuse immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and the perinuclear dot-and-ring-like staining for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Conclusions: Our patient's CPA mass initially believed to be a vestibular schwannoma on preoperative evaluation, surgical appearance, and intraoperative pathologic consultation was then correctly diagnosed as a WHO grade II tanycytic ependymoma on permanent histologic sections with the assistance of immunohistochemical stains, including EMA. After this definitive diagnosis, our patient's adjuvant treatment was adjusted. Earlier diagnosis could have provided guidance for goals of resection and prompt initiation of adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Divito
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA ; Comprehensive Stroke Center at UC Neuroscience Institute, OH, USA ; Mayfield Clinic, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Hagen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mario Zuccarello
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA ; Comprehensive Stroke Center at UC Neuroscience Institute, OH, USA ; Mayfield Clinic, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Said-Al-Naief N, Pourian A, Cure J, Lopez R. Clinicopathologic conference case 3: a 75- year-old man with progressive right-sided hearing loss and dizziness. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:e89-94. [PMID: 25295344 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Prospective evaluation of the clinical profile and referral pattern differences of vestibular schwannomas and other cerebellopontine angle tumors. Otol Neurotol 2012; 33:863-70. [PMID: 22664901 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0b013e318255dd59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical profile, referral pattern, delay in diagnosis, and impact of tumor size of cases involving vestibular schwannomas (VS) versus other cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors in an Egyptian population. STUDY DESIGN Case series study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS A prospective study of possible retrocochlear lesions was conducted from 2008 to 2010. INTERVENTION(S) Patients were subjected to a full clinical history, complete otorhinolaryngological examination, a basic audiologic evaluation, auditory brainstem response assay, and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. According to the findings of magnetic resonance imaging, patients with retrocochlear lesions were divided into 2 groups: those with VS (n = 17) and those with other CPA lesions (n = 14). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Diagnostic delay and criteria of VS and CPA tumors. RESULTS Unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus were presented in 52.9% of VS cases with a diagnostic delay of 15.5 months. For cases involving other CPA lesions, a combination of otologic symptoms was observed in 9 (64%) of 14 cases, and a diagnostic delay of 47.5 months was experienced. An absence of auditory brainstem response waves was identified significantly (p < 0.05) for the affected ears of both groups. Only differences in Wave V latency were significant between the 2 groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A longer diagnostic delay was associated with cases involving other types of CPA lesions versus cases of VS, and tumor size and volume did not affect the diagnostic delay of the former. Moreover, the only significant difference in clinical presentation for these 2 groups of intracranial tumor involved Wave V latency.
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Elsharkawy M, Xu Z, Schlesinger D, Sheehan JP. Gamma Knife surgery for nonvestibular schwannomas: radiological and clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg 2011; 116:66-72. [PMID: 21962159 DOI: 10.3171/2011.8.jns11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Most intracranial schwannomas arise from cranial nerve (CN) VIII. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a mainstay of treatment for vestibular schwannomas. Intracranial schwannomas arising from other CNs are much less common. We evaluate the efficacy of Gamma Knife surgery on nonvestibular schwannomas including trigeminal, hypoglossal, abducent, facial, trochlear, oculomotor, glossopharyngeal, and jugular foramen tumors. METHODS Thirty-six patients with nonvestibular schwannomas were treated at the University of Virginia Gamma Knife center from 1989 to 2008. The median patient age was 48 years (mean 45.6 years, range 10-72 years). Schwannomas arose from the following CNs: CN III (in 1 patient), CN IV (in 1), CN V (in 25), CN VI (in 2), CN VII (in 1), CN IX (in 1), and CN XII (in 3). In 2 patients, tumors arose from the jugular foramen. The median tumor volume was 2.9 cm(3) (mean 3.3 cm(3), range 0.07-8.8 cm(3)). The median margin dose was 13.5 Gy (range 9.3-20 Gy); the median maximum dose was 30 Gy (range 21.7-50.0 Gy). RESULTS The mean and median follow-up times of 36 patients were 54 and 37 months, respectively (range 2-180 months). At the last radiological follow-up, the tumor size had decreased in 20 patients, remained stable in 9 patients, and increased in 7 patients. The 2-year actuarial progression-free survival was 91%. Higher maximum dose was statistically related to tumor control (p = 0.027). Thirty-three patients had adequate clinical follow-up. Among them, 21 patients had improvement in their presenting symptoms, 8 patients were stable after treatment with no worsening of their presenting symptoms, 2 patients developed new symptoms, and 1 patient experienced symptom deterioration. Notably, 1 patient with neurofibromatosis Type 2 developed new symptoms that were unrelated to the tumor treated with Gamma Knife surgery. CONCLUSIONS Gamma Knife surgery is a reasonably effective treatment option for patients with nonvestibular schwannomas. Patients require careful follow-up for tumor progression and signs of neurological deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Cunha AM, Brito ACG, de Almeida Lima G, de Souza LA, Simões EL, Telles C, Montagna N. Cerebellopontine angle subependymoma without fourth ventricle extension: an uncommon tumor in a rare location. Neuropathology 2011; 32:164-70. [PMID: 21692863 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2011.01233.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Subependymomas are benign tumors that occur predominantly in the ventricular system. We describe a case of a 57-year-old man with a large cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor which expanded into the jugular foramen. Complete surgical excision of the tumor was achieved through a retrosigmoid approach and the histopathological diagnosis was subependymoma. Subependymomas located exclusively in the CPA without extension into the fourth ventricle are extremely rare. The mainly pathological features and the difficulty in correctly diagnosing these cases preoperatively, even with MRI, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martins Cunha
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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